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Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)
Number of Followers: 2

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 1978-3728 - ISSN (Online) 2442-9740
Published by Universitas Airlangga

[52 journals]

Front-matter
- Authors: Dental Journal
  PubDate: 2020-09-15
  DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p%p
  Issue No: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2020)
Back-matter
- Authors: Dental Journal
  PubDate: 2020-09-15
  DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p%p
  Issue No: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2020)
The pore size of chitosan-Aloe vera scaffold and its effect on VEGF
expressions and woven alveolar bone healing of tooth extraction of Cavia
cobaya
- Authors: S. Sularsih
  Pages: 115 - 121
  Abstract: Background: Pore size of scaffolds affects cellular activity, stimulates angiogenetic factors of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), synthesises new blood vessels to regulate migration and proliferation, and accelerates alveolar bone healing of tooth extraction. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the pore size of chitosan-Aloe vera scaffold and its effects on VEGF expression and woven alveolar bone healing of tooth extraction of Cavia cobaya. Methods: 36 male Cavia cobaya, aged 3-3.5 months were divided into six groups: negative control groups (without scaffold), positive control groups (chitosan scaffold), and treatment groups (chitosan-Aloe vera scaffold) on 7- and 14-day observations. Histopathological examination was performed to account the woven alveolar bone areas, and immunohistochemical examination was conducted to examine VEGF expressions on endothelial cells. Data was analysed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least significant difference (LSD) test (p<0.05). Scaffold pore size examination was performed with scanning electron microscope (SEM) with 250x and 500x magnification. Results: Chitosan-Aloe vera scaffold was found to have open pore interconnectivity, the largest pore size was 138.9 μm, while the smallest was 110.5 μm and average pore size was 134.85 μm. The highest expression of VEGF was observed in the treatment group on days 7 (11.5 ±1.39) and 14 (15.28±1.78), while the largest woven alveolar bone was observed in the treatment group on days 7(17.83±1.47) and 14 (37.67±3.65). Statistically, there was a significant difference between control groups and the treatment groups (p=0.000; p<0.05). Conclusion: Chitosan-Aloe vera scaffold has pore characteristics increasing VEGF expressions and woven alveolar bone areas.
  PubDate: 2020-09-15
  DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p115-121
  Issue No: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2020)
The correlation analysis of dental caries, general health conditions and
daily performance in children aged 2-5 years old
- Authors: Darmawan Setijanto, Taufan Bramantoro, Nanissa Dyah Anggraini, Ardhyana Dea Maharani, Dwita Angesti, Dani Susanto Hidayat, Aulia Ramadhani
  Pages: 122 - 125
  Abstract: Background: Oral health is important for general health and quality of life. One of the oral diseases with a high prevalence in Indonesia is dental caries. Dental caries can cause limiting disturbances of daily activities such as biting, chewing, smiling and talking, and of psychosocial well-being, including development and general health of children. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the correlation of dental caries incidence rate with general health conditions and daily performance of children aged 2–5 years. Methods: This was an analytical observational cross-sectional study. The study sample was 103 pairs of children and their mothers, selected using cluster random sampling technique. Intra-oral examination was conducted on the children to obtain decay, missing, filled-teeth (DMF-T) index score. Information about oral impacts on daily performance (OIDP) of the children was collected through a questionnaire distributed to the mothers. The data obtained were statistically analysed with a regression test (p < 0.05). Results: It was found that dental caries had a significant correlation with general health (p = 0.00) and daily performance, including chewing function disorder (p = 0.00), difficulties in maintaining oral health (p = 0.039), sleep disorders (p = 0.00), and emotional instability (p = 0.00). Conclusion: The incidence rate of dental caries has a significant effect on the general health conditions and daily performance of children aged 2–5 years.
  PubDate: 2020-09-15
  DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p122-125
  Issue No: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2020)
Telescopic overdenture as an alternative rehabilitation for the loss of
several anterior teeth due to traffic accidents
- Authors: Birgitta Dwitya Swastyayana Subiakto, Utari Kresnoadi
  Pages: 126 - 132
  Abstract: Background: Telescopic overdenture is a prosthesis consisting of a primary coping, or an inner crown, that is attached to a supporting tooth in the oral cavity, and a secondary coping, or an outer crown, attached to a denture, which must be compatible with the primary coping. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to restore function and aesthetics and uplift the psychological status of the patient by fabrication of a fixed removable prosthesis using the existing abutment teeth as a telescopic overdenture. Case: A 36-year-old female came to the Prosthodontic RSGM UNAIR speciality clinic on her own volition to make front dentures for her upper and lower jaws after a traffic accident one and a half years ago. The patient had an arch bar installed two months after the accident, which was removed after two months. The patient wanted new dentures to improve both her ability to eat and her appearance. Case Management: Preliminary treatments performed were; maxillary and mandibular scaling and root planing; crown lengthening of tooth 15; extraction of teeth 16, 41, 42, and 43; and alveolectomy of the mandibular anterior region. Before the definitive treatment to improve the aesthetic appearance could be carried out, the first step was to make maxillary and mandibular transitional dentures. These were to be used while waiting for healing to occur, following the socket preservation in the mandibular area. Then, for the definitive restoration, we used telescopic overdenture for the maxilla and a removable partial denture for the mandible. Conclusion: Telescopic overdenture is recommended for patients who need good aesthetics for anterior tooth loss. Telescopic overdenture uses double crowns as the retentive elements, which give better aesthetic results compared to clasps, thereby improving the psychological status of the patient. In addition, they have better retention and stability compared to conventional complete dentures.
  PubDate: 2020-09-15
  DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p126-132
  Issue No: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2020)
The changing of occlusal plane inclination in Class II malocclusion
- Authors: Nelvi Yohana, Siti Bahirrah, N. Nazruddin
  Pages: 133 - 139
  Abstract: Background: Camouflage treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion can be performed using extraction or non-extraction techniques. These treatments can cause changes in occlusal plane. Steep occlusal plane during corrective treatment generally relapses after active orthodontic treatment, resulting in unstable interdigitation. Purpose: This study aims to determine and evaluate changes in occlusal plane inclination in skeletal Class II malocclusion cases using extraction or non-extraction techniques of the permanent maxillary first premolar. Methods: The samples consisted of initial and final cephalometry of 40 adult patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion divided into two groups, namely extraction of the permanent maxillary first premolar and non-extraction group. The inclination of occlusal planes in both groups was measured using the ImageJ software, then the factors associated with these changes were observed. Furthermore, the occlusal plane inclination was compared between the extraction and non-extraction groups by using t-test. Results: The occlusal plane inclination in the non-extraction group increased slightly, while the inclination in the extraction group increased significantly (p = 0.017, p-value < 0.05). However, there was no correlation found in the occlusal plane inclination between the extraction and non-extraction groups (p = 0.07, p-value < 0.05). Conclusion: Class II malocclusion correction with either extraction or non-extraction of the maxillary first premolar increased the inclination of the occlusal plane. This study indicated that control of the occlusal plane inclination is highly essential.
  PubDate: 2020-09-15
  DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p133-139
  Issue No: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2020)
The effect of body mass index on tooth eruption and dental caries
- Authors: Mohamed Salim Younus, Karam Ahmed, Duran Kala
  Pages: 140 - 143
  Abstract: Background: Children were compared to their siblings, cousins or peers regarding the eruption of their permanent teeth. Genetic and environmental factors can affect dental development and, therefore, the body mass index (BMI) could be considered as a factor that may influence dental development. Purpose: To determine any possible association between BMI and either dental caries or the eruption of permanent teeth (central incisor and molar). Methods: A cross-sectional study was completed for six-year-old school children. A total of 218 children (116 boys, 102 girls) from public elementary schools in Erbil City were entered into the study. Dental caries assessments were carried out using the WHO criteria for decayed, missing and filled primary teeth and indices (DMFT). BMI was used to classify obesity status. Results: Overall, 27.98% of the children were classified as overweight, 59.17% as normal and 12.84% as underweight. The DMFT was 5.247, while 12.39% of the children were caries-free. Conclusions: Children of normal weight had most permanent teeth erupted and a low caries index. Underweight children had fewer erupted teeth and a higher caries index. The complex relationship between body composition and oral health should be considered in paediatric patients.
  PubDate: 2020-09-15
  DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p140-143
  Issue No: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2020)
The influence of functional tooth units on body mass index in the elderly
of the Jember Regency
- Authors: Jevina Sicilia Ahliawan, Zahreni Hamzah, Mei Syafriadi
  Pages: 144 - 148
  Abstract: Background: Tooth loss can disrupt the mastication process. Mastication disorders limit the amount of food a person consumes, affecting nutrition. The number of functional tooth units (FTUs) can affect nutritional status, measured using the body mass index (BMI). Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of the number of FTUs on the BMI in the elderly. Methods: This research was conducted in four villages in the Jember Regency. The number of subjects was 189, aged 45 years and over. The number of FTUs was calculated based on the anterior and posterior teeth that have contact with the antagonist and the BMI using the BMI formula. The data was analysed using a linear regression test; the level of significance is 0.005. Results: A simple linear regression test showed that there was significant correlation between FTU and BMI (p=0.366). Conclusion: The number of FTUs affects BMI; the higher the number of FTUs, the greater the BMI.
  PubDate: 2020-09-15
  DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p144-148
  Issue No: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2020)
Howe’s dental cast analysis of students at the University of
Sumatera Utara
- Authors: Hilda Fitria Lubis, Tiopan Beltsazar Sinurat
  Pages: 149 - 152
  Abstract: Background: Cast analysis is the measurement of the upper and lower arch in a 3-dimensional occlusal relationship. Howe’s Analysis can be used to observe total tooth material, arch length, and basal arch width. Howe’s Analysis was conducted to analyse abnormalities of both teeth and the jaw to help diagnose and plan dental care. Purpose: To analyse the difference in total tooth material, arch length, basal arch width, and Howe’s Index between male and female undergraduate students from the University of Sumatera Utara who are of Proto-Malay origin. Methods: Ninety-six samples comprised of 48 male and 48 female students were recruited through the purposive sampling method. All samples were undergraduate students at the University of Sumatera Utara and of Proto-Malay origin, aged between 18 to 26, and have met the exclusion and inclusion criteria. We measured the variables using a digital caliper to measure basal arch width and arch length and Moorrees’ method to measure total tooth material. Data were analysed statistically using an independent t-test to compare means between groups (p<0.05). Results: The male samples’ average value of total tooth material 98.49 mm±3.79, arch length 45.55 mm±2.28, basal arch width 41.07 mm±2.83, and Howe’s Index were 41.71 %±2.63, respectively. The female samples had a lower value compared to the male samples, 94.51 mm, 43.27 mm, 36.89 mm, and 39.05 % respectively. There was a significant difference in the total tooth material, arch length, basal arch width, and Howe’s Index between male and female undergraduate students from the University of Sumatera Utara of Proto-Malay origin (p=0.001; p<0.05). Conclusion: The average measurement of total tooth material, arch length, basal arch width, and Howe’s Index was higher in male than female undergraduate students from the University of Sumatera Utara of Proto-Malay origin.
  PubDate: 2020-09-15
  DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p149-152
  Issue No: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2020)
The correlation between dental caries and serum iron (Fe) levels in female
students of Mamba’ul Khoiriyatil Islamiyah (MHI) Madrasa in Jember, East
Java, Indonesia
- Authors: Ristya Widi Endah Yani, Taufan Bramantoro, Farida Wahyuningtyas, Talitha Zulis Islaamy
  Pages: 153 - 158
  Abstract: Background: Dental caries may cause discomfort and pain when chewing food, which in turn leads to insufficient absorption of nutrients, including iron, by the body. Lack of iron intake can cause iron-deficiency anaemia. Iron deficiency may also decrease salivary secretion and buffer capacity due to reduced salivary gland function, which may lead to dental caries. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the correlation between dental caries and serum iron (Fe) levels in the students of Mamba’ul Khoiriyati Islamiyah (MHI) Madrasa Aliyah in Bangsalsari Jember. Methods: Out of 71 students aged 15-18 years, 24 students were examined for caries with the DMF-T index and blood samples were also collected using the phlebotomy technique to assess the serum iron (Fe) level in µg/dL. The data were analysed using the Spearman’s correlation test (α = 0.05). Results: The average DMF-T score was high (7 ± 3.4) and the average serum iron (Fe) level was below normal (38 ± 11.5 µg/dL). The Spearman’s correlation test for dental caries and serum iron (Fe) levels showed significant results (p <0.05). Conclusion: The occurrence of dental caries correlates with serum iron (Fe) levels. The higher the level of serum iron (Fe), the lower the level of dental caries.
  PubDate: 2020-09-15
  DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p153-158
  Issue No: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2020)
Leukoplakia in HIV patients and risk of malignancy: A case report
- Authors: Yuli Fatzia Ossa, Anandina Irmagita Soegyanto, Diah Rini Handjari, Endah Ayu Tri Wulandari
  Pages: 159 - 163
  Abstract: Background: Oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) was defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an oral lesion which shows abnormalities with potential to become malignant. Leukoplakia is one such OPMD that may present in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with the condition of HIV presenting a heightened risk of malignancy. Purpose: This case report aims to describe the initial finding and case management of an oral lesion that was suspected as leukoplakia in an HIV-positive patient on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Case: A 34-year-old male patient was referred to the Oral Medicine Division from an HIV clinic at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, with a chief complaint of dental caries. The patient was HIV and hepatitis C positive and already undergoing ART. Case Management: During the intraoral examination, we found multiple caries, poor oral hygiene and a single thin white plaque lesion on the right buccal mucosa around the second and third mandibular molar region. The white plaque was painless, irregular, clearly demarcated, could not be rubbed off and did not disappear when stretched. History of trauma in this area was non-contributory and the lesion had gone unnoticed prior to oral examination. The patient had an existing smoking habit of 25 years. As clinical examination suggested leukoplakia, a biopsy was arranged. Conclusion: Leukoplakia is defined as a potentially malignant lesion. The risk of shifting into malignancy can be higher for patients who are HIV positive. Especially in HIV-positive patients, special measures are needed to prevent shifting into malignancy, such as early detection, elimination of risk factors, performing excisional biopsy and regular intraoral examination.
  PubDate: 2020-09-15
  DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p159-163
  Issue No: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2020)
Effect of caffeine in chocolate (Theobroma cacao) on the alveolar bone
mineral density in guinea pigs (Cavia cobaya) with orthodontic tooth
movement
- Authors: Bramita Beta Arnanda, Sri Suparwitri, Pinandi Sri Pudyani
  Pages: 164 - 169
  Abstract: Background: The benefits of chocolate have attracted significant attention from clinicians, especially the active compound of caffeine on bone metabolism. The bone density significantly affected the rate of tooth movement. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the effect of the dose and the duration of caffeine consumption in chocolate on alveolar bone mineral density in orthodontic tooth movement. Methods: Forty-eight male guinea pigs (Cavia cobaya) aged between 3-4 months and weighing 300-350 grams were divided into four groups (group A control, group B caffeine dose of 2.3 mg, group C caffeine dose of 3.45 mg, and group D caffeine dose of 4.6 mg). An open coil spring was applied to the mandibular inter-incisor with an orthodontic force of 35 grams. Guinea pigs were sacrificed using lethal doses of anaesthetics on days 0, 1, 7, and 14 after an orthodontic appliance installation. Mandibular alveolar bone mineral density in compression sites was analysed with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Experiment data results were analysed using two-way ANOVA with a 95% degree of confidence. Results: Caffeine consumption with a dose of 4.6 mg on day 7 had the lowest alveolar bone mineral density and the highest was at a dose of 2.3 mg on day 14, but there were no differences between the dose groups, the duration groups and interactions between both of them (p>0.05). Conclusion: The consumption of caffeine in chocolate did not decrease the bone mineral density in the compression site of orthodontic tooth movement.
  PubDate: 2020-09-15
  DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p164-169
  Issue No: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2020)
The effect of fixed orthodontic treatment with Edgewise and Straightwire
techniques on white spot lesions incidence and accumulation of
Streptococcus mutans bacteria
- Authors: Elfira Maharani, Dyah Karunia, Pinandi Sri Pudyani
  Pages: 170 - 174
  Abstract: Background: Fixed orthodontic appliances, such as Edgewise and Straightwire techniques, can increase the amount of plaque retention containing Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), which can lead to white spot lesions. Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyse the correlation of fixed orthodontic treatment with Edgewise and Straightwire techniques on the incidence of white spot lesions and accumulation of S. mutans. Methods: The samples consisted of three groups: control group (n=8), Edgewise technique group, and Straightwire technique group. We observed the samples at the sixth month and eighth month of the treatment, after the installation of the fixed orthodontic appliances. The observation of white spot lesions with caries detector was applied in all regions. Bacterial swabs were acquired in the lateral incisor region, then a bacterial culture procedure was carried out on selective media of S. mutans, and then a bacterial count was performed. The data was analysed using two-way ANOVA, the post-hoc least square differences test, and the Pearson’s correlation test. Results: The number of white spot lesions in the Edgewise group was higher than in the Straightwire group in the sixth and eighth month of treatment with insignificant difference (p>0.05). The number of S. mutans bacteria increased in all groups, but there were no significant differences (p>0.05). There was no significant relationship between the number of white spot lesions with the accumulation of S. mutans between groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The Edgewise and Straightwire techniques increase the incidence of white spot lesions but accumulation of S. mutans with the incidence of white spot lesions has no relationship.
  PubDate: 2020-09-15
  DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p170-174
  Issue No: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2020)