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Kesmas : Public Health Journal
Number of Followers: 3

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 1907-7505 - ISSN (Online) 2460-0601
Published by Universitas Indonesia

[20 journals]

Effect of Education through WhatsApp Media in Changing of Smoking Behavior
among Senior High School Students
- Authors: Yusriani Yusriani, Joel Rey U. Acob
  Abstract: Teenagers, who are considerably susceptible to smoking, must be educated to prevent smoking behavior that can cause health problems and even death. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of education through social media such as WhatsApp in the modification of smoking behaviors among senior high school students in Pangkep District, Indonesia. It employed a quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest-only control group design. The experimental group received education in the use of WhatsApp social media, while the control group was provided with leaflets. Data were collected through observation and interviews with a total of 180 students in both groups, with 90 students in each. Data analysis used a paired sample t-test and an independent sample t-test. The study suggested that disseminating health information through WhatsApp media about the dangers of teenage smoking was more effective than leaflets in changing student behavior.
  PubDate: 2020-08-01
  DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v15i3.3270
  Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2020)
Prevention and Control of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia through
the Modification of Physiological Factors and Physical Activities
- Authors: Demsa Simbolon, Afriyana Siregar, Ruzita ABD Talib
  Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the sixth highest cause of death in Indonesia. Thus, it must be prevented and overcome with appropriate management. This study aimed to determine the contribution of physiological factors and physical activities to the incidence of T2DM. The study used a cohort retrospective design using secondary data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) from 2007 to 2014, which included a sample of 14,517 people involved for more than 20 years. Data analysis was performed using multiple logistic regressions. The results revealed a 3.8% incidence of T2DM in Indonesia. Record of hypertension risk increased the likelihood of T2DM by 1.7 times compared to without hypertension. A normal body mass index (BMI) increased the risk by 2.2 times, a higher BMI at 5.5 times, and BMI whose risk obesity was 7 times had greater likelihood of having T2DM compared with respondents with a thin BMI. After controlling for sex, age, marital status, record of parents’ DM, residence, employment, and education, results also indicated that people with less active physical activity were likely to have T2DM compared to those who were very active. Controlling blood pressure, maintaining a normal BMI, and increasing physical activity since adolescence can prevent T2DM.
  PubDate: 2020-08-01
  DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v15i3.3354
  Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2020)
Family Planning Communication between Wives and Husbands: Insights from
the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey
- Authors: Dian Kristiani Irawaty, Suziana Mat Yasin, Hadi Pratomo
  Abstract: Frequent inter-spousal communication is regarded as an indicator of safe family planning practice. Nevertheless, communication about family planning within couples in Indonesia is still largely unexplored. This study assessed the levels of inter-spousal communication about family planning and its associated determinants, using cross-sectional and nationally representative data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), from a randomly selected cohort of 8,925 currently-married couples. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, inter-spousal communication behaviors, and attitudes regarding family planning were collected. The dependent variable in this study is how frequently couples discuss family planning, based on wives’ responses. The analyses were stratified based on the frequency of inter-spousal communication: never, once or twice, or more often. The results of the study were greater husband approval of family planning and communication with family planning field workers, and that those encouraged inter-spousal communication in Indonesia.
  PubDate: 2020-08-01
  DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v15i3.3301
  Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2020)
Vitamin D and Reduced Academic Stress of Health Students
- Authors: Yuni Kusmiyati, Emy Suryani, Lucky Herawati, Amalia Firdausi
  Abstract: Stress conditions can reduce academic ability, influencing student grade point averages and encouraging negative behaviors. The object of this research was to discern the influence of vitamin D in the reduction of academic stress of health students. The study used a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The population was midwifery students who lived in the Health Polytechnic dormitory, Ministry of Health, Yogyakarta, in 2017. Samples were 77 students of midwifery who did not suffer from any chronic disease, nor did they experience academic stress. They all agreed to become research subjects. Samples were 39 respondents in a treatment group who were administered 1 tablet of 400 mg of vitamin D supplement daily, for 30 days. A control group was given a placebo. Academic stress was assessed by means of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 42 (DASS 42). Data were analyzed by using linear regression. The results showed that daily vitamin D supplement reduced academic stress (p-value 0.000 < 0.05). One dose of 400 international units (IU) of vitamin D daily for 30 days could reduce academic stress by 11.28 points. To reduce academic stress, students should consume vitamin D and expose their skin to sun rays with ultraviolet.
  PubDate: 2020-08-01
  DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v15i3.3274
  Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2020)
Relationship between Spirituality and Acceptance of Illness Level in
Bipolar Patients
- Authors: Olga Putri Atsira, Erikavitri Yuliati, Atika Atika, Abdurachman Abdurachman, Margarita Maria Maramis
  Abstract: Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental condition that affects patients’ quality of life. The management process is affected by acceptance of illness. The ability to accept the illness is related to the spirituality level which is something that is held strongly by Indonesian people. There has been very little research related to the relationship between spirituality with bipolar disorder. This study aimed to analyze relationship between spirituality levels with acceptance of illness in patients with bipolar disorder. This study is a correlational study using questionnaire from bipolar disorder patients contacted through Harmony in Diversity online community as a sample. Samples were taken in total sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The numbers of samples were 30 samples. Calculation of the correlation between acceptance of illness in patients with bipolar disorder with vertical spirituality (RWB) (p = 0.050) (r = 0.306), horizontal spirituality (EWB) (p = 0.001) (r = 0.556), and general spirituality (SWB) (p = 0.007) (r = 0.444). There is a significant positive correlation between acceptance of illness in patients with bipolar disorder and general spirituality with a more significant horizontal dimension compared to vertical dimension.
  PubDate: 2020-08-01
  DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v15i3.3432
  Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2020)
Effect of School Nutrition Education Program on Nutritional Practices
- Authors: Syilga Cahya Gemily, Sandra Fikawati, Ahmad Syafiq
  Abstract: Gerakan Nusantara is a nutrition education program that aims to change the nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and practices of elementary school children in Indonesia. The program was implemented in 2015–2018 in Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya, Makassar, Medan, Yogyakarta, Pontianak, East Nusa Tenggara, Pekanbaru, Padang, Jambi, and Sorong. The present study sought to determine the effects of Gerakan Nusantara on the nutrition practices of school-aged children and describe the extent of changes in each nutrition practice component covered by the program. This study used secondary data on Nutrition and Health Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices studies collected from students participating in the program and involved 6132 school children. The seven nutrition practice components studied were consumption of staple foods, plant protein, animal protein, vegetables, and fruits; milk drinking; and exercise. Significant improvements in fruit consumption and exercise were noted in 2015; all variables improved in 2016; significant changes in the consumption of staple food and plant protein and exercise were recorded in 2017; and significant improvements in the consumption of vegetables, plant protein, and animal protein and milk drinking were noted in 2018. Significant differences in nutrition practices before and after program implementation were noted in each year. Overall, the results demonstrated that Gerakan Nusantara successfully improved the nutrition practices of elementary school children.
  PubDate: 2020-08-01
  DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v15i3.3258
  Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2020)
Evaluation of Anthropometric Parameters of Central Obesity among
Professional Drivers, A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Analysis
- Authors: Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Aslam, Saima Altaf, Abdul Majid, Saima Atif
  Abstract: Different anthropometric parameters have been proposed for assessing central obesity. The diagnostic performance of these anthropometric parameters and their ability to correctly measure central obesity for the professional community, like drivers, is questionable and needs to be assessed. The study aimed to examine the diagnostic performance of anthropometric parameters as indicators of central obesity in drivers as measured by waist circumference (WC) and to determine the best cut-off values for these parameters that would identify obese drivers. Anthropometric measurements from a cross-sectional sample of 197 professional drivers were taken under standard protocol. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to examine the diagnostic performance and to determine the optimal cut-off point of each anthropometric parameter to identify centrally obese drivers. It was found that WC had a significant positive correlation with all other obesity indicators. The ROC curve analysis indicated that all the parameters analyzed had a good performance, but the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) had a more predictive value of the area under the curve (AUC). Optimal cut-offs to identify central obesity in drivers were 0.55, 2.06, 0.95, and 25.44 for WHtR, conicity index, waist-to-hip ratio, and body mass index, respectively. These cut-off points for different indicators can be used to detect central obesity for drivers.
  PubDate: 2020-08-01
  DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v15i3.3218
  Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2020)
The Effect of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Eating Habits and Food Purchasing
Behaviors of University Students
- Authors: Hacı Ömer YILMAZ, Ramazan Aslan, Cihan Unal
  Abstract: COVID-19 disease, which spread rapidly all over the world after the first case was detected, became the primary agenda of the countries. Radical measures have been taken by governments to prevent the spread of the disease. Precautions and warnings to prevent disease caused some changes on daily life activities of people. University students who have to stop education are among the groups most affected by this disease sociologically, psychologically and physiologically. The aim of this study was planned and conducted to determine the effect of COVID-19 on university students' eating habits and food purchasing behavior. The study was completed with 866 university students education and training at the faculty of health sciences. Research data was obtained by online questionnaire. This questionnaire has been prepared with the information obtained as a result of the literature review and the opinions of experts by researchers. The questionnaire includes questions about eating habits and food purchasing behaviors. A result of the study, COVID-19 disease caused significant changes in the eating habits and food purchasing behaviors of university students. In general, it was found that the participants increased their consumption compared to before COVID-19, they paid more attention to hygiene while food purchasing.
  PubDate: 2020-08-01
  DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v15i3.3897
  Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2020)
Review of Trial Therapies and Treatment for COVID-19: Lessons for
Indonesia
- Authors: Halma Zahro Mukhlida, Hilma Hasro Maulida, Gunanti Khairunnisa, Margaretha Josephine Mantrono, Risky Kusuma Hartono, Rindu Rindu, Eka Rokhmiati Wahyu Purnamasari, Rizky Fajar Meirawan
  Abstract: The infectious disease from corona virus, or COVID-19, has quickly spread world-wide since 2019. Therapies for managing COVID-19 have yet to be confirmed as medication for the severe sickness that the disease may cause. This study uses PRISMA guidelines as a method for conducting a systematic literature review. We selected relevant studies published from January 2020 to March 2020 by searching Pubmed, Science Direct and Google Scholar. The research focuses on the treatment of and therapies for COVID-19 only to the patients in the hospital. The inclution 8 articles were screened by using a PRISMA flow after reading 28 abstract and 28 from whole articles. Sixty-seven articles were collected from several online journal databases, and various therapies were found that are effective in the treatment and management of COVID-19. Clinical improvements and Recovery rate have been achieved in a short time compared to standard care only. The findings of the study show that several therapies are effective in managing the severe illness that can be caused by COVID-19. Nevertheless, research into effective therapies for COVID-19 must be continued to find the best therapy and treatment.
  PubDate: 2020-07-27
  DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v15i2.3958
  Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2020)
Impact of Lockdown in India: A Case Study on Karnataka with International
Model
- Authors: Stelvin Sebastian, Aby Paul, Joel Joby, Sanjo Saijan, Jeeva Joseph, Jobin Kunjumon
  Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared an epidemic and a global health emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO), prompting various countries to implement early and stringent social distancing protocols through lockdown, to flatten the epidemic curve. The objective of our present study was to assess the impacts and effectiveness of the lockdown protocol in Karnataka and Punjab, compared with the implementation of this method in Australia and the United Kingdom (UK). This study involved the collection of data from different authorized databases, in two phases. The first phase included the time starting with the first-reported index case through the 14th day after the declaration of lockdown, for each country. The second phase involved the data collected between the 15th day through the 28th day of the lockdown. The highest doubling rate for cases was observed in Australia, followed by Karnataka and Punjab, whereas the lowest was observed in the UK. Comparisons of the numbers of the samples tested, the mortality rate, and the recovery rate between Karnataka and Punjab, after the implementation of lockdown, revealed a better recovery rate and lower mortality rate in Karnataka than in Punjab. Our study revealed that the implementation of social distancing and lockdown reduced the transmission of the coronavirus and the number of cases reported. However, the effectiveness of lockdown varied among locations, due to demographic and physiological differences.
  PubDate: 2020-07-27
  DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v15i2.3978
  Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2020)