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ScienceRise : Biological Science
Number of Followers: 0  Open Access journalISSN (Print) 2519-8017 - ISSN (Online) 2519-8025 Published by PC Technologe Center  [6 journals]
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- Investigation of the influence of dry extracts of bupleurum aureum and
Salsola collina L. on the antimicrobial effect of co-trimoxazole
Authors: Olga Naboka, Alla Kotvitska, Nataliia Filimonova, Alla Glushchenko, Olga Filiptsova, Alina Volkova
Pages: 4 - 11
Abstract: Scientific data on the pharmacodynamics of dry extracts of Bupleurum aureum and Salsola collina L. based on the results of studying the antimicrobial effect and the similar effect of co-trimoxazole when they are used together have been supplemented. The investigated phytoextracts do not show antimicrobial properties, but they do not change the antimicrobial effect of co-trimoxazole when they are used in combination. The aim of the study was to experimentally investigate the antimicrobial effect of extracts of Bupleurum aureum and Salsola collina L. and establish the possible antagonistic effect of these extracts on the antimicrobial drug co-trimoxazole when used together. Materials and methods. The research was conducted in May 2016. Screening of the antimicrobial effect of extracts of Bupleurum aureum and Salsola collina L. and establishing of the possible antagonistic effect of these extracts on the antimicrobial drug co-trimoxazole when they are used together was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Microbiology of the National Pharmaceutical University, which has a certificate of attestation 045/14 dated 28.10.2014. For determination of antimicrobial activity, the agar diffusion method ("well" method), which is based on the ability of medicinal substances to penetrate the agar layer, was used. A set of reference strains of microorganisms was used: S. aureus ATCC 6538, E. coli ATCC 8739, P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027, B. subtilis ATCC 6633, C. albicans ATCC 10231. Petri dishes were filled with two layers of solid nutrient medium. The lower layer - 10 ml of melted "cold" AGV agar (medium No. 3), the upper layer - nutrient medium for the corresponding test strain. After cooling the lower layer of agar, three thin-walled steel cylinders (inner diameter - 6.0±0.1 mm, height - 10.0±0.1 mm) were placed on it at an equal distance from each other and from the edge of the cup. The top layer was poured around the cylinders - 13.5 ml of agar, melted and cooled to 45-48°С, mixed with the seed dose of the test microorganism (1.5 ml of microbial suspension, the concentration corresponding to the type of microorganism). After cooling the upper layer of agar, the cylinders were removed with sterile tweezers and 0.25-0.3 ml of the studied drug was added to the resulting wells. The results were recorded after 24 h by measuring the zone of growth inhibition, including the diameter of the wells. Measurements were made with an accuracy of 1 mm, while focusing on the complete absence of visible growth. The obtained data were analyzed using the methods of variational statistics. The significance level is p<0.05. The studied plant extracts of Bupleurum aureum (aqueous and alcoholic) and Salsola collina L. (aqueous and alcoholic) were used in doses of 0.005 mg/ml and 0.01 mg/ml, which corresponded to doses of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg. Experimental data were also processed by parametric (Newman-Keuls) and non-parametric (Mann-Whitney) methods of variational statistics, using the Statistica 6.0 statistical software package; differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Results. At the final stage, the determination of the antimicrobial effect of water and alcohol extracts of Bupleurum aureum and Salsola collina L. at doses of 1 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml was carried out, and the effect of BAS of these extracts on the antimicrobial effect of co-trimoxazole when used together was determined. In the course of the study, it has been established, that the addition of the above-mentioned extracts to the co-trimoxazole formulation does not affect its initial antimicrobial properties. Conclusion. Today, drug-induced liver injury remains one of the most important problems of hepatology and pediatrics, pharmacological science pays a lot of attention to the search for new effective and harmless drugs with a hepatoprotective effect, and the improvement of existing drugs is primarily aimed at increasing their specificity and reducing side effects related to the pharmacological properties of the drug. Currently, there is increasing interest in medicinal plants as a source of various biologically active substances (BAS), which provide a wide spectrum of pharmacological action of the agent, which allows to immediately affect various links of the pathogenesis of liver diseases. The analysis of scientific sources made it possible to establish that medicinal products of plant origin, thanks to BAS, possess polymodality of effects and reveal a versatile complex effect on the course of pathological processes in the body. Most drugs are characterized by good tolerability, absence of withdrawal syndrome and toxicity to parenchymal organs. Medicinal plants are used not only as monopreparations, but also in combination with synthetic drugs and as raw materials for obtaining BAS
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.15587/2519-8025.2023.275942
- The consequences of phytoestrogenization of the father and the effects of
phytoestrogens during puberty for male offspring
Authors: Nataliia Seliukova, Yevgenia Korenieva, Dmytro Morozenko, Yevheniia Vashchyk, Rimma Yeromenko, Olena Matviichuk, Anatolii Matviichuk, Oleg Gladchenko
Pages: 12 - 18
Abstract: Exposure to phytoestrogens (PE) during prepuberty and puberty can modulate the functioning of the reproductive axis, causing irreversible damage to reproductive programming. The aim of the study was to investigate the state of the reproductive system of male offspring of adult rats that were exposed to phytoestrogens in the pubertal period of ontogenesis. Materials and methods. The work was performed on adult male and female Wistar rats and their male offspring. In the experiment, the biological effect of PE was studied when applying a dose of 20 mg/kg of body weight for 30 days to the father and/or offspring of puberty age starting from the 45th day of postnatal life. Upon reaching the age of six months, male offspring of all studied groups were examined for reproductive function. Results. The effect of estrogen-like substances on male reproductive function is manifested not only under the conditions of their intake in the critical periods of the embryonic and postnatal periods, but also, even when acting on the germ cells of parents. In male offspring, androgen secretion is disturbed, the hormonal status changes in the direction of hyperestrogenization, fertility decreases due to the reduced quality of germ cells against the background of a normal spermogram. Conclusion. The reproductive function of sexually mature male offspring of a phytoestrogenized father who received a mixture of phytoestrogens during puberty is characterized by differences in sexual behavior, a decrease in the reproductive potential of males, which occurs due to a decrease in the share of effective fertilization, which indicates negative changes in spermatozoa, the development of which took place in conditions of absolute and relative hyperestrogeny. This indicates that phytoestrogens, as an environmental factor, have adverse consequences not only for individuals who directly use them, but also for their male offspring
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.15587/2519-8025.2023.275068
- The manifestation of features of opioids and narcotics using by drug
addicted people and the role of replacement pharmacotherapy in treatment
and recovery of the patient
Authors: Nodar Sulashvili, Nino Abuladze, Margarita Beglaryan, Jilda Cheishvili, Ada (Adel) Tadevosyan, Marika Sulashvil
Pages: 19 - 30
Abstract: Aim of the research was to study and analyze the features of opioids and narcotics using by drug addicted people and the role of replacement drugs in treatment and recovery of the patient. Materials and methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies. Were used Systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses. The material of the article was data from the scientific literature, processed and analyzed by generalization and systematization. The scientific research ensues the fundamentals of assessment development of significant reviews. The ensuing databases were used: (for searching considerable literature to study and analyze the features of opioids and narcotics using by drug addiction people and the role of replacement drugs in treatment and recovery of the patient) Pub Med, Web of Science, Clinical key, Tomson Routers, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Elsevier bases. Additionally studied national and internationals policy and guidelines and also grey literature. Results: Addiction is well known to be associated with its high level of physical and mental disorders. Most chronic chemical dependencies of drug addiction are also associated with its very high mortality rates, estimated to be several times those of the non-clinical population. Since addictive substances are known to disrupt cell growth and cell division, it can be assumed, that they particularly affect dividing cells, such as stem cell pools and progenitor cells. It is also known, that they either individually or in combination potentiate apoptosis, i.e., contribute to this effect. The medicine of aging in recent times has become an independent scientific discipline. The cellular aging hypothesis suggests the aging phenotype. The organism is associated with cellular correlates of age associated changes including cell loss, reduced cell velocity, renewal and more aging, negligible functional and non-replicating cells in tissues. So, the anti-growth effects of drug addiction can reasonably occur throughout the body. Expect signs of accelerated aging to be evident. One would expect such a putative progeroid effect to occur subject to increased morbidity and mortality rates, clinically observed almost identically in drug addicts as is the case in the geriatric population. In this connection there are various changes, consideration of all clinical aspects’ expression of this general toxicology hypothesis of opioids is needed. Conclusion: Pharmacological management of drug use should be only one component of treatment for drug needs, tailored to a comprehensive needs assessment of the child or young person, carried out in conjunction with appropriate psychological therapy and mental health interventions, and in the context of a clear and applied approach to the clinical management system. Caution is required when leaving these establishments due to the risk of overdose and in the transition to adult services. Physicians should carefully consider the degree of dependence on any substance, especially when alcohol and other substances, such as opiates, are used together. The full implementation of treatment, rehabilitation and harm reduction services will reduce the negative health, social and economic consequences of drug use for individuals, communities and society as a whole. The number of drug users will increase, those involved in counseling, treatment, rehabilitation and harm reduction programs
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.15587/2519-8025.2023.276374
- Some biological, behavioral and social aspects of the perfumery use in the
Ukrainian population sample (Part 2. Education level associations)
Authors: Olga Filiptsova, Olga Naboka, Svitlana Bobro, Olexander Bashura, Yuliia Osypenko
Pages: 31 - 37
Abstract: The aim. The study represents a continuation of the previous one, and provide various aspects related to the use of perfumery, which can be characterized by certain associations with the education level of Ukrainian consumers. Factors that have direct or indirect biological and medical significance and, accordingly, may have a potential impact on the safety of the perfume products use by humans, were selected for the analysis. Materials and methods. The analysis included information about 124 individuals living in Ukraine. The respondents answered the questions of the questionnaire developed regarding some aspects of the perfumery use. The Pearson chi-squared (χ2) test was used to analyze the relationships between qualitative characteristics. Results and discussion. Most of the studied aspects related to the perfumes use demonstrate associations, caused by the dependence of the education level on age. The analysis revealed that individuals with any education most often (about half of the cases or more) choose a perfume based on its scent. The study showed that the majority of respondents believe that the price of a perfume depends on a combination of factors, namely the composition of the products, the brand and the cost of the packaging. More than 80 % of people, regardless of the education level, believe that the persistence of a perfume is definitely a sign of quality. The most common opinion among people of all education levels was that non-original perfumes can have a more negative effect on people's health than original products. The "lipstick effect" in relation to perfume products (demand for items of "affordable luxury" in times of economic crises and wars) was observed. Conclusions. The study supplemented the previously found associations of age and some biological and behavioral aspects of perfume use among the population of Ukraine with data on the presence or absence of such associations in relation to the education level
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.15587/2519-8025.2023.277216
- II. Morphometry of wings of worker bees of the subspecies Apis mellifera
mellifera L. (Polissya population of Zhytomyr region)
Authors: Oleksandr Galatyuk, Volodymyr Yarovets, Volodymyr Babenko, Volodymyr Cherevatov , Bogdan Gutyj, Andrii Grigorenko, Mykhailo Strilchuk, Ihor Stolyar
Pages: 31 - 42
Abstract: The uncontrolled spread of the subspecies A. m. carnica, A. m. ligustica, and A. m. caucasica has led to a reduction in the areas of pure "dark forest bees" populations belonging to the subspecies A. m. mellifera in their natural habitats within Ukraine. Due to the need to use dark forest bees in breeding, it became necessary to identify the locations of individual populations of bees belonging to the A. m. mellifera subspecies. The purpose of the work is to create an accessible and at the same time complete methodology for classifying bee wing phenotypes, which would make it possible to determine the probable breed of worker bees, the type and degree of hybridization of the main breed with impurities, and to identify "purebred" bee families by the wing phenotype suitable for further breeding. Material and methods of research: Using discriminant analysis of data, at the first stage of the study, 1500 wings of bee families were classified using 8 features: Ci, Dbi, Disc.sh, Pci, Ri, Сі.3, Сі.2, Сi.2.1, for which there was preliminary information about the possible belonging of the wing phenotype to the subspecies A. m. mellifera or its hybrids. At the second stage, additional 1212 wings of bee colonies were studied, about which there were doubts about their breed. Results of research and discussion: The wings are reliably divided into four clusters, indicating the presence of four sufficiently distinct groups among the studied wings in terms of phenotype. Conclusions and prospects for further research: A classification model has been created that allows for effective discrimination of the wings of working bees of bee colonies in Ukraine, the subspecies A. m. mellifera. Phenotypic values of indices of four Polissia micro-populations of bees, used as reference standards for possible hybridization detection, have been established, which can serve as standards in future research. Four colonies have been found, whose queens produce bees of the A. m. mellifera type of the Polissia population, and three colonies whose queens produce bees of the A. m. macedonica hybrid and can be used for further selection work
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.15587/2519-8025.2023.275588
- Orthodontic correction in rodents and hare-like animals: principles and
methods of treatment
Authors: Hanna Stepanenko, Oleksandr Siehodin
Pages: 43 - 49
Abstract: The aim: Our particular interest in this study is not only the ability to extrapolate the experience of orthodontics of humane medicine for effective orthodontic correction in representatives of the animal world, but also the possibility of using teleroentgenometry and craniometry to study the skull of rodents and hare-like animals for the early preclinical diagnosis of dental disease. Materials and methods. The data of teleroentgenography (TRG), cranio- and gnatometry, biochemistry of connective tissue (GAG, GP, HST), fluoroscopy, densitometric parameters for early subclinical detection of dental disease in chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera (n=20)), guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus (n=48)) and rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus(n=52)) are presented. All stages of the effective correction of mesial occlusion of incisors in rabbits (N=5) and dystropia of premolars in guinea pigs (N=5) are described. The camputation of efforts and points of their application that are necessary to move the tooth of the ellodont type is carried out. There are given the sequential stages of creating a dental imprint or 3D models, as well as the manufacture of fixed orthodontic structures, including an elastophore, orthodontic buttons with an Enlight Ormco fixation for incisors; and individual extraoral devices with expanding screws for premolars are presented. Results. Namely, among animals with dental disease, the following anatomical characteristics reliably took place. The basal angle of inclination of the base of the jaws to each other characterizing the vertical position of the jaws increased by 11 %; the body of the lower jaw shortened by 18 %; the height of the branches of the jaw increased by 17.5, and the mandibular angle, which is measured between the tangents to the lower edge of the lower jaw and the back surface of its branches, increased by 6 %. These data must be considered together with a reliable densitometric decrease in bone density and changes of biochemical components of the connective tissue in the blood serum. An analysis of bone strength of rabbits and guinea pigs is given in Tab. 2, which shows that the bone marrow of animals with dental history is statistically significantly different from the strength of animal bones without such among patients of rabbits and guinea pigs (p = 0.012 and p = 0.024, respectively). Thus, the method of program densitometry can be used to quantify the severity of metabolic disorders in the bone tissue to predict the further course of the reparative process, to appoint adequate pharmacological correction and to control the evaluation of therapeutic measures. Conclusions. The study of dental pathology of rodents and hare-like animals using densitometric, craniometric and biochemical methods allows detection of disorders in the early preclinical stage. And the extrapolation of the experience of humane orthodontics solves the issue of correcting the occlusion of these types of animals to restore the possibility of self-feeding
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.15587/2519-8025.2023.276319
