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Publisher: Çukurova University (Total: 2 journals) [Sort by number of followers]

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	Archives Medical Review J. / Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi
	Cukurova Medical J.

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Archives Medical Review Journal / Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi
Number of Followers: 0

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 1300-3755 - ISSN (Online) 2602-3024
Published by Çukurova University

[2 journals]

Nocturnal Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in Stable Severe
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Authors: Özlem ÖZKAN KUŞCU; Pınar ERGENOĞLU
  Abstract: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is characterized as a progressive and irreversible inflammatory response in the airways and alveoli because of exposure to noxious particles or gases. Excessive inflammation causes progressive, persistent, and not fully reversible structural changes and airflow limitation. Although COPD is a significant public health problem, diagnosis and treatment stages need to be improved.Nocturnal Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation is one of the treatment modalities of choice for COPD exacerbation, and the role and benefits of NPPV in COPD exacerbation are well defined, but the use of nocturnal NPPV on stable severe COPD individuals is controversial, and the evidence is not sufficient yet. This review evaluates the effects of nocturnal NPPV on stable COPD patients.
  PubDate: Thu, 30 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +030
Targeted Cancer Therapy: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
- Authors: Serhan KÜPELİ
  Abstract: Cancers generally contain multiple genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, but several key genes maintain the malignant phenotype and cellular survival. Tyrosine kinases are often involved in the cellular response with growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. These molecules are responsible for tumor growth by various mechanisms. It is thought that tyrosine kinase inhibitors may have a wide range of therapeutic efficacy. Significant response rates could not be obtained in phase 1 studies with any of the agents in monotherapy, and other options are being investigated by administering high doses in short periods and combining drugs that may affect different pathways.
  PubDate: Thu, 30 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +030
Current Approach to Cancer Stem Cells
- Authors: Tuğçe SAPMAZ ERÇAKALLI; Sait POLAT
  Abstract: Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) are cells that are capable of self-renewal and differentiation, such as normal stem cells and are found in many tissues such as breast, brain, lung, prostate, testis, ovary, esophagus, colon, liver. Their origins have not yet been discovered, but a number of hypotheses have been put forward. CSCs are cells that drive tumorigenesis, as well as give rise to a large population of differentiated progeny that make up the bulk of the tumor. Each cancer has biomarkers that identify the stem cell. The same specific signaling pathways play a functional role in CSC renewal and differentiation as with normal stem cells, the only difference being that the same signaling pathways are dysregulated in CSCs. CSCs play a role in not only the creation of cancer, but also in its evolution, metastasis, and recurrence. MicroRNAs and several signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Notch and Hedgehog control the properties of CSCs. CSCs are resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiation treatment and that CSCs are very likely to be the origin of cancer metastasis. CSCs are believed to be an important target for novel anti-cancer drug discovery. Future studies will lead to the development of therapies that target CSCs for the treatment of cancer.
  PubDate: Thu, 30 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +030
Genetic Disorders Requiring Risk-Reducing Surgical Management in Our
Gynecological Oncology Practice
- Authors: Ferah KAZANCI; Feride İffet ŞAHİN
  Abstract: Cancer occurs as a result of the mutations in genes that are responsible for cell development and DNA integrity. Mutations can occur in germ cells (germline) (GLM) as well as others (somatic) (SM). GLM are responsible for 5-10% of cancers. Early detection of GLMs is critical for identifying at-risk individuals, following up, and designing risk-reducing procedures. Furthermore, the detection of SM in tumor tissue has recently been used to determine the necessity for extra adjuvant and targeted therapy. Although familial clustering is observed in 10-30% of ovarian (OC) and breast (BC) cancer cases. GLM in the BRCA1/2, which cause DNA repair deficiencies, are responsible for 65-85% of genetic anomalies in hereditary OC. Risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) reduces the risk of BC by about % 90-95 in cases with pathogenic mutations (PMs) in the BRCA1/2 genes, while risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) reduces the incidence of BC (%50 ) and OC(%70-96 ), as well as a decrease in overall cancer-specific mortality. Except for BRCA1/2, OC is caused by PMs in genes like RAD51C, RAD51D and BRIP1, which affect DNA repair process. RRSO is indicated among carriers of PMs in these genes. Lynch syndrome (LS) is associated with a higher risk of colorectal and endometrial cancer. After completing their fertility, hysterectomy and bilateral RRSO are recommended for carriers of PMs in the MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 genes. Based on the most recent guidelines, our goal in this review is to highlight the genetic alterations that necessitate risk-reducing prophylactic surgical procedures, which are becoming more common in our gynecological oncology practice.
  PubDate: Thu, 30 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +030
Stem cells; Definition and General Properties, Usage Areas, History,
Surface Markers
- Authors: Murat AVCI
  Abstract: Stem cells, which have a history of more than a century, continue to be the subject of research for the treatment of many diseases today. Stem cells, which are also the focus of attention in regenerative medicine; It has long-term divisibility, self-renewal and differentiation properties. There are two different types of division in stem cells: symmetrical and asymmetrical cell division. Stem cells are cells that can divide for a long time, unlike normal cells, because they can complete their telomeres. The diversity of surface markers used for the detection of stem cells and the existence of common markers are valid for tissue-specific cancer stem cells. The purpose of this compilation study; the aim is to gather information about the definition and general characteristics of stem cells, their areas of use, history and surface markers under the main headings and make them available to researchers.
  PubDate: Thu, 30 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +030
Effect of Artificial Sweeteners on Gut Microbiota in Mice and Rats: A
Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Studies
- Authors: Emre DUMAN; Alev KESER, Selen YILMAZ IŞIKHAN
  Abstract: It is a systematically examine of randomized controlled studies in mice and rats examining effects of artificial sweeteners on gut microbiota. Based on the PRISMA declaration, 4 databases were used, namely PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOHost and Google Scholar, and a systematic search was conducted to identify randomized controlled studies on all rats and mice published between January 1, 2000-December 31, 2020. Studies using advantam, acesulfame-K, aspartame, neotame, saccharine, cyclamate, and sucralose as artificial sweeteners are included. As a result of first screening, a total of 901 studies on mice and rats were obtained. Eleven randomized controlled trials that met the study objective and inclusion criteria were included in systematic review. Two of studies were carried out on rats and nine of them were performed on mice. No study with advantam and cyclamate meeting the inclusion criteria was found in literature. Due to small sample size, meta-analysis could not be performed. Although artificial sweeteners have an effect on intestinal microbiota in mice and rats, no clear evidence for its effect has been demonstrated. It is important to investigate how changes in gut microbiome affect human health, and therefore it is essential to increase number of randomized controlled clinical trials evaluating effect of artificial sweetener consumption on the microbiota.
  PubDate: Thu, 30 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +030
The Effect of Microplastics on Living Things
- Authors: Ayper PEKMEZEKMEK
  Abstract: Our oceans and seas have been polluted with plastics for nearly 60 years. The increase in plastic consumption all over the world, the possibility of plastics remaining in the environment for hundreds of years without decomposing, the decomposition of plastics into smaller pieces, the detection of organisms at all levels of the marine food chain, and the possibility of human exposure to microplastics through food increase the awareness on this issue day by day. With the introduction of microplastics and nanoplastics, scientists have started to work on this pollution in water, especially since 2010. The common view is that the impact of this type of pollution on the environment will increase and harm living things.
  PubDate: Thu, 30 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +030
Neonatal Polycythemia and Hyperviscosity Syndrome
- Authors: Sarkhan ELBAYİYEV; Ufuk ÇAKIR
  Abstract: Neonatal polycythemia is a clinical condition frequently encountered in newborn babies. Although the definition of polycythemia in newborns, born with physiologically higher values than the adult hematocrit value, is well known, the issue of how to treat which hematocrit value remains unclear. Considering that polycythemia causes severe complications up to infarction in the central nervous system in addition to mild clinical symptoms, up-to-date management guidelines are needed. In this review, the approach to neonatal polycythemia was prepared based on current data.
  PubDate: Thu, 30 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +030
Contribution of Hydrogen Sulfide to Physiological and Pathological Events
and Clinical Use
- Authors: Kübra GÖNBE; Fatma AYDINOĞLU, Nuran ÖĞÜLENER
  Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), synthesized by enzymatic or non-enzymatic means, is a third gas neurotransmitter similar to nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Enzymes responsible for their synthesis in the body are expressed in various tissues. H2S has many physiological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, neuroprotective, gastroprotective, antispasmodic, cytoprotective antioxidant, a bronchodilator, blood pressure regulation. Also, it is known that H2S has a role in various pathological conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, depression, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), ulcer, erectile dysfunction, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's disease. Considering its potential importance in physiopathological conditions, various drugs have been developed in combination with H2S-releasing aspirin and naproxen. In this context, some drugs with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, cytoprotective, and cardioprotective effects have been developed. ATB-346, GIC-1001, NBS-1120, SG-1002, AP-39, and MZe76 are among the candidate drugs. Phase studies of S-zofenopril have been completed. The realization of preclinical and clinical studies on the L-cysteine/H2S pathway is important physiologically, pathologically, and therapeutically, and the development of new drugs in this direction is considered to be promising for treatment approaches.
  PubDate: Thu, 30 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +030