JournalTOCs

Network and Communication Technologies
Number of Followers: 5

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 1927-064X - ISSN (Online) 1927-0658
Published by CCSE

[43 journals]

There is no Theoretical Limit for Noise Reduction in Digital
Communications
- Abstract: Shannon entropy is a basic characteristic of communications from energetic point of view. Entropy has been expressed as a function of signal to noise ratio, and lower bound for entropy has been investigated. We prove that finite nonzero bound does not exist, therefore in case of M-QAM modulation, there is no theoretical limit for reduction of the effect of noise. In our investigations, averaging is considered, exploiting the zero expected value of the Gaussian noise.Index Terms—Shannon entropy, probability of successful communication, bit error rate, signal to noise ratio, bound for noise reduction.
  PubDate: Sat, 24 Jul 2021 05:35:20 +000
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Network and Communication Technologies Vol.
6, No. 1
- Abstract: Reviewer Acknowledgements for Network and Communication Technologies Vol. 6, No. 1, 2021.
  PubDate: Thu, 22 Jul 2021 12:57:00 +000
The Performance and Future of QUIC Protocol in the Modern Internet
- Authors: Jianyi Wang
  Abstract: Quick UDP Internet Connections (QUIC) protocol is a potential replacement for the TCP protocol to transport HTTP encrypted traffic. It is based on UDP and offers flexibility, speed, and low latency. The performance of QUIC is related to the everyday web browsing experience. QUIC is famous for its Forward Error Correction (Luyi, Jinyi, & Xiaohua, 2012) and congestion control (Hari, Hariharan, & Srinivasan, 1999) algorithm that improves user browsing delay by reducing the time spent on loss recovery (Jörg, Ernst, & Don, 1998). This paper will compare QUIC with other protocols such as HTTP/2 over TCP, WebSocket, and TCP fast open in terms of latency reduction and loss recovery to determine the role of each protocol in the modern internet. Furthermore, this paper will propose potential further improvements to the QUIC protocol by studying other protocols.
  PubDate: Wed, 07 Jul 2021 09:15:21 +000
Space Debris Removal under Spatial Grasp Technology
- Abstract: The threats of space debris are enormously high, which are increasing due to launch of multi-satellite constellations, especially in low-Earth orbit, with millions of pieces of junk there. Different passive and active debris removal methods are being developed like self-deorbiting of used satellites, drag sails, mechanical grasps, tethers and nets, also directed energy, lasers including. Space junk is the responsibility of the whole mankind, and the problem of managing space debris is both the international challenge and the opportunity to preserve the space environment for future space exploration missions. The paper shows how self-organized constellation networks of deorbiting satellites can organize multiple cleaning operations autonomously under the developed Spatial Grasp Technology (SGT), with cooperative involvement of the whole network and minimum interaction with costly ground antennas and stations. It also offers a unique solution where most dangerous junk items can themselves be treated as active virtual-physical items freely moving through terrestrial and celestial environments and ultimately finding, by their own initiative, the proper cleaning satellites. This can effectively organize the global junk management and removal problem, where the active junk items can keep initiative of self-removal for any time needed and using any distributed resources. A combined solution is also offered with initial global search for approximate satellite-debris matching, after which the junk is delegated its own initiative to find the absolute match by traveling around the globe as far and as long as required. The paper shows and explains different practical cleaning scenarios in the high-level Spatial Grasp Language (as key element of SGT) and possibilities of quick implementation of the approach.
  PubDate: Wed, 23 Jun 2021 02:43:31 +000
Toward an AI-Enabled O-RAN-based and SDN/NFV-driven 5Ｇ& IoT
Network Era
- Authors: Bao-Shuh Paul LinI
  Abstract: Artificial Intelligent Technology has impacted tremendously in the areas of high performance computing, and network and communicatons industries. The advantages of a system applying AI includes performance improvent, optimization, and intelligent or smart AnFor intelligent fesure of 5G, network slicing, provided by Network equipment vendor by applying AI, softwarization and virtualization technologies to the network. For many other industries and applications such as healthcare, agriculture, finance, have benefited from AI technology in particular machine learning and deep learning within AL.With the integration of AI, 5G, and Inernet of Thngs, the industrial applications, smart farms, precision medicine.,smart city. This article focuses on the System architecture and design of open networking solution of the future of 5G, beyond-5G (B5G) or 6G. Among the challenges of an ON system solution, the propriety of radio access network (RAN) is one of essential challenges. The Open-RAN Alliance is formed through the integration of C-RAN Alliance and X-RAN Forum. The O-RAN Alliance mission’s is converting the radio access network industry to become an open networking intelligent, virtualized, and fully interoperable RAN. To realize B5G or 6G by applying O-RAN architecture and ecosystem is called O-RAN based B5G/6G The Integration of O-RAN based 5G RAN part and the SDN/NFV-based softwarization and virtualization of Core Network, Transport Network and Management functions, we can derive a stage of fully Open Networking architecture for the software (AI/M/DL) developers to work.
  PubDate: Wed, 16 Jun 2021 13:17:35 +000
An Improved Indoor Positioning Method Based on Nearest Neighbor
Interpolation
- Authors: Yonghao Zhao
  Abstract: Nowadays, people’s demand for indoor location information is more and more, which continuously promotes the development of indoor positioning technology. In the field of indoor positioning, fingerprint based indoor positioning algorithm still accounts for a large proportion. However, the operation of this method in the offline stage is too cumbersome and time-consuming, which makes its disadvantages obvious, and requires a lot of manpower and time to sample and maintain. Therefore, in view of this phenomenon, an improved algorithm based on nearest neighbor interpolation is designed in this paper, which reduces the measurement of actual sampling points when establishing fingerprint map. At the same time, some simulation points are added to expand fingerprint map, so as to ensure that the positioning error will not become larger or even better. Experimental results show that this method can further improve the positioning accuracy while saving the sampling cost.
  PubDate: Sat, 06 Mar 2021 03:13:10 +000