JournalTOCs

Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology
Number of Followers: 15

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 1927-0526 - ISSN (Online) 1927-0534
Published by CCSE

[43 journals]

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Educational and Developmental
Psychology, Vol. 12, No. 2
- Abstract: Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology, Vol. 12, No. 2, 2022.
  PubDate: Wed, 02 Nov 2022 01:09:58 +000
Mental Health Problems among College Students in India during the COVID-19
Pandemic in the Context of Disruptions in Academics and Interpersonal
Relationships
- Authors: Elizabeth Thomas
  Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant disruptions in daily lives, contributing to mental health problems around the world, with young adults being a particularly vulnerable population for mental health problems (Varma et al., 2021). In the current study, we explored perspectives on how the pandemic had affected their lives, and examined frequency of mental health problems among college students in India during the middle phase of the pandemic. Participants (N = 455, 65% women, Mage = 20.62 years) responded to open-ended questions and completed self-report measures of anxiety, depressive symptoms, emotion dysregulation, and dysfunctional coping, and skills use. Thematic analysis of open-ended responses yielded nine themes across three domains: Major concerns, impact on academics and learning, and impact on relationships. Mental health symptomatology was identified as the most common concern, and approximately 50% of the sample scored above the clinical cut off on the self-report measure for either anxiety or depression, indicating a moderately high level of distress. Difficulties in effectively regulating one’s negative emotions and dysfunctional coping uniquely predicted higher anxiety and depression, whereas adaptive coping predicted lower depression. The findings demonstrate that college students in India are struggling with mental health during the pandemic. Facilitating emotion regulation and coping may be potential targets for intervention.
  PubDate: Tue, 25 Oct 2022 23:54:43 +000
The Association of Social Emotional Constructs and Academic Motivation
with Academic Achievement in Adolescents
- Authors: Salil Goyal
  Abstract: In this cross-sectional study, we examined the association between eight socio-emotional constructs (empathy, global self-concept, happiness, prosocial behavior, optimism, anxiety, depression, and academic motivation) and academic achievement in a diverse sample of 583 high school students in order to see which ones are most useful in predicting academic achievement. We also examined the associations separately for African American and European American students, as these groups had substantial numbers of students. Results indicated that optimism, anxiety, and motivation were statistically and significant predictors of achievement, with motivation contributing the most variance. Both groups had similar results, but African Americans had five meaningful predictors of achievement while European Americans had three. The findings suggest that these constructs may be useful in helping to improve academic performance in students.
  PubDate: Tue, 25 Oct 2022 12:19:43 +000
Revision and Application of Attitude Scale for Qualitative Research in
Psychology among Chinese Undergraduates
- Authors: Qiuju Cai
  Abstract: Building on foreign literature about the attitude toward qualitative methods for psychology and combining with our local experience of teaching qualitative methods to psychology students, we revised and validated the original scale of Attitude towards Qualitative Research in Psychology (AQRP), generating Attitude Scale for Qualitative Research in Psychology (ASQRP). The scale was also applied to evaluate the effect of our course on qualitative methods for psychology. Three studies were conducted to explore, revise and validate the scale. In study 1, we translated and revised the original scale with eighteen items from the previous study. In a sample of 311 students enrolled in psychology courses, we surveyed and conducted a confirmatory factor analysis on four dimensions of the original scale. Among them, there was zero correlation between perceived lack of validity and qualitative orientation, while the two dimensions of the original scale were negatively correlated. The results of the fitness index were slightly away from expectations. In study 2, we added six locally adapted items to the scale and surveyed again to gain a sample of 249 psychology students. Exploratory analysis established a three-dimension structure of the Attitude Scale for Qualitative Research in Psychology (ASQPR) containing “perceived lack of validity,” “capturing the lived experience,” and “time- and resource- intensive,” with twenty-two items remaining and the dimension of “qualitative orientation” in the original scale reduced. Correlations between the ASQPR and Knowledge about Qualitative Research Scale and Psychology as a Science Scale showed acceptable validity. In study 3, the ASQPR was applied to assess students’ learning outcomes who took part in the psychological qualitative methods courses for a semester. We used a pretest-posttest design to track the attitude changes in three samples of students (179 in total). After the course, students increased their knowledge about qualitative research and realized the advantages of qualitative approach (i.e., capturing the lived experience) and quantitative approach. They also generally think of qualitative research as time and resource-demanding. However, the ingrained perception of qualitative research as lacking validity remained unchanged. In sum, the current study developed a tool suitable for Chinese students to assess their attitudes towards qualitative research, which can assist in curriculum reform and construction involving teaching qualitative methods.
  PubDate: Sat, 08 Oct 2022 12:11:00 +000
Relationship between Screen Time, Sleep Duration, Parent-Child Interaction
and Psychosocial Adjustment among Preschool Children in Selangor, Malaysia
- Authors: Ning Foo
  Abstract: The current study aimed to determine the relationship between screen time, sleep duration, parent-child interaction and psychosocial adjustment among preschool children in Selangor, Malaysia. The study also intended to assess whether difference exists in psychosocial adjustment between male and female, examine whether sleep duration and parent-child interaction mediate the relationship between screen time and psychosocial adjustment as well as explore on unique predictors of psychosocial adjustment. Multistage cluster sampling method was employed to select the sample in the study. The sample consisted of 392 parents (either mother or father) of preschool children aged between four to six years old in Selangor, Malaysia. Screen Time Questionnaire (STQ) was applied to measure screen time while the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) was used to assess sleep duration. Besides, the Parent-Child Interaction Checklist and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were utilized to evaluate parent-child interaction and psychosocial adjustment respectively. Findings demonstrated that there was a significant difference in psychosocial adjustment in terms of hyperactivity, peer problems, prosocial behaviour, and total difficulties between boys and girls. Besides, screen time significantly correlated with parent-child interaction. Results also revealed that child’s gender, father’s years of education, child calming screen time, and parent-child interaction significantly predicted psychosocial adjustment. However, mediation analysis was unable to be conducted to test the mediating role of sleep duration and parent-child interaction on the relationship between screen time and psychosocial adjustment, as screen time did not correlate significantly with psychosocial adjustment in overall.
  PubDate: Thu, 18 Aug 2022 13:17:11 +000
The Relationship between Physical Education and Cognitive Development of
Preschool Children
- Authors: Tamader Al-Thani
  Abstract: Brain development is a complicated process, and environmental stimuli during this developmental stage may modify the brain's functional growth and determine the integrity of the brain throughout life (Gomes da Silva & Arida, 2015). Although the relation between physical education and cognitive development is not very clear, some studies have shown that exercise and aerobics can improve the function of the brain, increase the size of critical brain structures and improve cognition in children and older adults. (Erickson et al., 2009, 2011; Chaddock et al., 2014). Such studies provide compelling evidence for the powerful effects of exercise on the brain.The researcher visited thirteen (13) public and private preschools in Qatar and conducted a structured interview with twenty (20) randomly selected Physical Education teachers to investigate the relationship between physical activities and cognitive skills of preschool children. The study showed that the physical education classes are favored among children their positive respond to it encourages healthy children means not only physically but also mentally which ease understanding of the academic lessons.
  PubDate: Thu, 18 Aug 2022 13:06:16 +000
Changing the Volume of Online Lectures: Does Audio Level Affect Learning
Quality'
- Authors: Zhuyue Jiang
  Abstract: Due to the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, students have increasingly begun to learn virtually, often watching online lectures. Some students might believe that turning up the volume on those lectures can enhance their learning efficiency, and this assumption is supported by a 2009 study (Rhodes & Castel, 2009) where students were shown to have higher judgments of learning (JOLs) for louder words compared to quiet words. I designed a within-participants experiment under two conditions to study the real effect of louder audio on learning by making the participants watch videos at different volumes, answer several questions regarding their JOLs, and complete one quiz for each video. The final data suggest that louder audio had significant influence neither on students’ JOLs nor on their assessment performance. Although the online participants’ assessment performance presented a similar result as that in the Rhodes and Castel study, the finding of no influence of volume on JOLs contradicts Rhodes and Castel.
  PubDate: Thu, 18 Aug 2022 12:48:44 +000
Moral Reasoning of College-Educated Individuals from The United States in
Relation to the Recent Sociopolitical Issues and with the Focus on
Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Reasoning
- Authors: Sehic Sandro
  Abstract: The aim of this quantitative research study was to explore the relationship and impact higher education has on moral reasoning in connection to recent events in United States. The sample size consisted of 137 participants from the United States who earned a Bachelor’s, master’s, or Doctoral degree and were over the age of 22. Participants were a diverse group including both genders and, different racial and socioeconomic statuses. The one-way ANOVA test suggested that statistically significant difference did not exist among the three different groups of participants, in relation to their moral reasoning on the recent events in the United States. The two-way MANOVA test suggested that statistically significant difference was found in one dependent variable.
  PubDate: Thu, 18 Aug 2022 12:47:46 +000
Drawing as a Process of Psychic Mediation Along the Child´s
Developmental Trajectory
- Authors: Maria Do Rosário Dias
  Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The intrapsychic process of resorting to the symbolic is innate and prepares the child for the organization of his internal world. Throughout the child's developmental trajectory, its playful projective expression, allows us to assess the psychographically internalized stages of development. The present study aims to evaluate the mental representation of the concept of symbolism, size, and perspective of designed percepts along the developmental trajectory (age range from 4 to 12 years). METHODS: Patients were invited to produce two drawings depicting a Healthy Tooth and an Unhealthy Tooth. The qualitative content grid for the analysis of the drawings was originally designed to study the pictorial representations found in the sample. However, in this article, we only intend to present the results obtained regarding Symbolism, Size and Perspective categories that are part of the content analysis grid. RESULTS: Regarding the Symbolism Category, most respondents between 4 and 6 years of age, pictorially represented an Unrealistic Tooth, and from 10 years onwards there is a marked decrease in this pictorial (Un)Realism. Regarding the Size of Teeth Category, from 8 years old onwards the drawings seem to increase in terms of their dimension. When it comes to Perspective Category, the percept drawn in a 2D perspective clearly prevails, regardless of age. CONCLUSION: Results obtained in this study show that the mental representation of (Un)Healthy teeth are early internalized during childhood and the stages of psychographic development seem to be reliable indicators of the development of the mental representation of the child´s symbolism.
  PubDate: Tue, 19 Jul 2022 10:39:55 +000
Large Class Management throughout Learning and Teaching of Speaking Skill:
Case study of the University of Burundi
- Authors: Sinai Bakanibona
  Abstract: The objective of this study was to discuss challenges encountered by lecturers and students in the management of large classes while teaching and learning the speaking skill in English. The work was motivated by the fact that First Year students, even though they use English as medium of instruction, are not good at speaking English. The study enthralled on the use of appropriate methods, approaches and techniques to manage large classes. The purpose of the study was to examine the category and seriousness of the challenges faced by the subjects and suggest the use of appropriate methods, techniques and approaches in a large class of more than a hundred students. The case study was conducted at the Institute for Applied Pedagogy of the University of Burundi. Simple random sampling was adopted to select students, lecturers and administrators concerned as the study population. A written questionnaire, interview and participant observation were used during the study through the qualitative analysis.
  PubDate: Tue, 28 Jun 2022 22:13:25 +000
Exploring Assessment of Situational Intelligibility in Children with and
without Speech-Language Disorders
- Authors: Ann Bosma Smit
  Abstract: Parents of young children typically respond to their child’s communications with language that is syntactically and semantically appropriate to what the child said. However, parents of children with speech-language disorders (SLD) may not always understand their child and so may not respond to the child’s communication attempts in a language-promoting manner. The goal of the present study is to explore the use of a new questionnaire about children’s situational intelligibility, the Caregiver/Parent Understanding-the-Child Questionnaire (CPUCQ). The CPUCQ asks parents to respond to 31 common communication situations, ranging from saying “Thank you” to telling a story. Parents indicate the child’s mode of communication in each situation (Speech only, Speech plus gesture, Gesture only, or Child does not do this), and they also rate how well they understand the child. The CPUCQ and various language measures were administered to 54 typically developing (TD) children and 34 children with SLD in the age range 2;0 – 6;8. Both groups showed developmental change over the age range in the mode of communication and in the understandability ratings. Further study of the CPUCQ as an assessment instrument is warranted, particularly as it may provide valuable information that can be used clinically to determine treatment goals.
  PubDate: Thu, 16 Jun 2022 03:19:13 +000
Effect of Mindfulness Intervention on Inattentive Behaviors in Children at
Risk for ADHD: A Single-Subject Study
- Authors: Yingying Chen
  Abstract: Mindfulness is the increased awareness that arises when we pay attention on purpose to the present non-judgmentally. To investigate the influence of mindfulness on inattentive behaviors in children at risk for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a single-subject A-B-A reversal experimental design was adopted in which two children at risk for ADHD received 6-week mindfulness training, with 20-30 minutes per session and 3-4 times per week. The results based on visual analysis, C-statistics, and social validity analysis showed that mindfulness training was effective in reducing the duration of inattentive behaviors in children at risk for ADHD, and that the training could improve the function of the attention network in these children, which could be reflected in the increased efficiency in the vigilance network and the executive function network.
  PubDate: Tue, 31 May 2022 13:31:05 +000