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Journal of Biblical Literature
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.228  Number of Followers: 60  Subscription journalISSN (Print) 0021-9231 - ISSN (Online) 1934-3876 Published by Society of Biblical Literature  [1 journal]
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- Mourning for Tammuz: Prophecy and Projection in Ezekiel 8:14
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Abstract: During a visionary survey of the Jerusalem temple (likely dated to 592 BCE), the prophet Ezekiel claims to have observed an unacceptable ritual carried out by a group of women.1 Many commentators take this text at face value and assume that the women were weeping for the god Tammuz.2 Some, however, demur from this consensus. For example, Yehezkel Kaufmann, followed by Moshe Greenberg, argued that Ezekiel's vision in 8:5–17 was not grounded in the realia of the early sixth century; on the contrary, it remembered idolatrous worship associated with the time of Manasseh.3 Other commentators have dismissed Ezekiel's visionary tour as a complete fantasy.4 Another minority position argues that verse 14 may allude to some ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-01-25T00:00:00-05:00
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- 4QpaleoExodm and the Gerizim Composition
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Abstract: The Gerizim composition, also known as the "Samaritan" tenth commandment, deals with one of the central concepts of Samaritan theology, namely, the centralization of worship on Mount Gerizim.1 A composite text, it incorporates material from Exod 13:11a and Deut 11:29; 27:2b–3a, 4a, 5–7; and 11:30 and includes the command to build an altar on Mount Gerizim. This passage is repeated in both versions of the Samaritan Pentateuch's Decalogue and establishes the veneration of Mount Gerizim as an integral part of the laws revealed on Mount Sinai.2The Gerizim composition has been characterized primarily as a sectarian change interpolated into a Jewish textual tradition that had circulated in the late Second Temple period.3 ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-01-25T00:00:00-05:00
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- Annual Index: Volume 141 (2022)
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Abstract: Andrejevs, Olegs, and David B. Sloan, "Matthean Conflations and Luke's Utilization Procedure under the Farrer Hypothesis: In Defense of F. Gerald Downing," 737–59Berges, Ulrich, "Isaiah 55–66 and the Psalms: Shared Viewpoints, Literary Similarities, and Neighboring
Authors ," 277–99Cunha, Wilson de Angelo, "Isaiah 39 and the Motif of Human Trust in First Isaiah," 105–20Dale, Jeffrey M., "Demonic Faith and Demonic Wisdom in James: A Response to Kenneth M. Wilson," 177–95Dayfani, Hila, "4QpaleoExodm and the Gerizim Composition," 673–98Donnelly-Lewis, Brian, "The Tabernacle Manual: Exodus 25:1–31:18 in Light of the Cuneiform Procedural Genre," 617–33Esler, Philip, "Babatha's Final Days: New Light from Papyrus Starcky," ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-01-25T00:00:00-05:00
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- The Literary-Historical Memory of Sargon of Akkad in Assyria as the
Background for Nimrod in Genesis 10:8–12-
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Abstract: The Nimrod pericope in Gen 10:8–12 has long been recognized as an interpolation into the Table of Nations in Gen 10. While material originating from the Priestly source can be readily identified in Gen 10 through its use of verbless lists, the rest of the chapter has typically been assigned to the J or non-Priestly source. Even among the varied non-P material in Gen 10 the Nimrod passage is distinctive, describing an individual figure who founds cities rather than fathering descendants.1 As a result, most scholars have identified the passage as originating from a source different from other J or non-P material in Gen 10.2 Accepting that Gen 10:8–12 likely has an independent origin from the rest of the material in ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-01-25T00:00:00-05:00
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- The Tabernacle Manual: Exodus 25:1–31:18 in Light of the Cuneiform
Procedural Genre-
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Abstract: The tabernacle instructions at the end of the book of Exodus are long and complex. They detail the instructions that YHWH is said to have given Moses on Mount Sinai concerning the construction of a ritual tent suitable for the proper worship of YHWH in the wilderness wanderings. As with much of the Pentateuch, scholars have recognized the complex history behind these texts and have subsequently attempted to provide answers to the pressing questions of the origin and development of the texts. Scholarly studies of the tabernacle instructions, however, have generally pursued one of two agendas: (1) redaction-historical studies focused on what constitutes the core text traditions, their redaction, and date, or (2) a ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-01-25T00:00:00-05:00
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- Kingship and Covenant: Reconsidering the Oath of David and Jonathan
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Abstract: In the last fifty years, few ideas have benchmarked the field of biblical studies more than Frank Moore Cross's model of understanding covenant as an early legal means of extending fictive kinship. This model has dominated much of Anglo-American Hebrew Bible scholarship and is undeniably convenient for systematic interpretation. Yet, in trying to distill a simple covenant concept, Cross collapses distinctions sensitive to genre and context, which obscures rather than elucidates the text. The central case study for his model is the covenant between David and Jonathan and the oath associated with it in 1 Sam 20. This relationship is one of the most well-cited biblical examples of a covenant between human parties ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-01-25T00:00:00-05:00
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- The Relationship between 3 Maccabees and the Vetus Latina of Esther
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Abstract: The similarities between 3 Maccabees and Esther are well known. In particular, there has been a great deal of interest in the relation between the Greek additions to Esther and similar material found in 3 Maccabees.1 In such discussions, however, the Vetus Latina (VL) of Esther has not adequately been taken into account. This is problematic, because it is unambiguously the Vetus Latina rather than the Septuagint or Alpha Text that is closest to 3 Maccabees. Ultimately, I will argue for two stages of borrowing: that 3 Maccabees borrowed (at least) B, C, and E from a Greek text that is antecedent to VL Esther, the Armenian, and one of the Georgian translations of Esther, but that at a later stage VL Esther borrowed ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-01-25T00:00:00-05:00
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- The Golden Rule and Ancient Jewish Biblical Exegesis: The Pluriformity of
a Tradition-
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Abstract: In this integrative study, I examine the various manifestations of a Jewish tradition attested in the New Testament and rabbinic literature. This tradition is composed of two elements: (a) a maxim—the golden rule—or an equivalent biblical verse, Lev 19:18b; and (b) an assertion that this maxim or verse summarizes the whole torah, or is considered (the core of) "the whole torah."Although scholars tend to interpret texts in and of themselves, this reading should be complemented by an integrative study of the motifs and formulations interwoven in various sources and in various bodies of literature, tracing the traditions embedded in the texts. The wording of a text is often one manifestation of a widespread ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-01-25T00:00:00-05:00
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- Matthean Conflations and Luke's Utilization Procedure under the Farrer
Hypothesis: In Defense of F. Gerald Downing-
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Abstract: Today the hypothesis of Markan priority forms one of the rare points of near-universal consensus in Synoptic studies. Discussion continues with regard to the non-Markan material of Matthew and Luke, especially the double tradition. The Farrer Hypothesis (FH) holds that Luke obtained this material from Matthew; the Matthean Posteriority Hypothesis (MPH) holds that Matthew obtained it from Luke; and the Two-Document Hypothesis (2DH) holds that both obtained it from a now-lost source, generally referred to as Q. One argument that has been used against the Farrer Hypothesis is the claim that FH Luke (that is, the hypothetical Luke who would have obtained this material from Matthew) "unpicks" his Matthean source.1 In ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-01-25T00:00:00-05:00
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- Our Cloud of Witnesses: A Writing of Hebrews 11:1–12:2 in Memory of the
Asian and Asian American Women Killed 16 March 2021-
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Abstract: On the evening of 16 March 2021, Asian Americans learned with shock, but little surprise, that eight people died in a mass shooting spree at spas in the Atlanta, Georgia, area—six of whom were women of Asian descent. That a mass shooting occurred did not surprise—there had been ninety-three in the United States that year to date.1 That most of those killed were Asian did not surprise—there had been 3,795 reported incidents of violence and hate targeting Asian Americans since March 2020, an alarming increase during the COVID-19 pandemic.2 That the six people of Asian descent killed were women and were linked in the white male murderer's mind with sexual temptation did not surprise—since the nineteenth century, US ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-01-25T00:00:00-05:00
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- The "Community Setting" of the Ascension of Isaiah: A New Analysis
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Abstract: In 1990, Robert G. Hall wrote a pioneering article examining the setting of the neglected early Christian apocalypse called the Ascension of Isaiah (Ascen. Isa.).1 Hall argued, essentially, that the Ascension of Isaiah stems from an early Christian prophetic school at war with other early Christian prophetic schools.2 Hall's achievement was commendable because it predated the appearance (in 1995) of the new critical edition in the CCSA series published by an Italian research team (who have also published other pertinent material), and the magisterial Commentarius by Enrico Norelli of the same date.3 The publication of these two volumes, and Norelli's further work on the apocalypse, changed the face of studies of ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-01-25T00:00:00-05:00
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