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Journal of Medical and Health Studies
Number of Followers: 0

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Online) 2710-1452
Published by Al-Kindi Center for Research and Development

[14 journals]

Level of knowledge of Oral Hygiene and The Practices of Oral Hygiene of
Primary School Pupils in Borno State, Nigeria
- Authors: Mohammed Baba Gana, Hussaini Garba
  Pages: 01 - 09
  Abstract: This study determined the level of knowledge of oral hygiene and the practices of oral hygiene of primary school pupils in Borno state, Nigeria. The study was guided by four objectives, and four research questions were answered. Related literature was reviewed on the concept of oral hygiene, knowledge of oral hygiene among primary school pupils, levels of practice of oral hygiene among primary school pupils, factors that promote oral hygiene practices among primary school pupils. Survey research design was adopted for the study, Population for the study comprised all selected male and female pupils in Konduga primary. Simple random sampling technique was used to select one hundred and twenty-five (125) respondents as sample for the study. The research instrument used for the study was self-developed questionnaire with twenty items. Data collected were analysed using frequency count and percentage scores. The study revealed that, the respondents have good knowledge and experience of taking care for their teeth, which is significantly important in reducing teeth disease, the level of practice of oral hygiene of the respondents was moderate which has less significant effect on the health status of the respondents, the factors that promote oral hygiene practices is good which is significantly useful in preventing disease and incidence of mouth cancer and also in conclusion based on the findings of the study it was recommended among others that schools should provide suitable facilities such as safe and adequate water supply and wash basins to promote positive oral hygiene practices among school children.
  PubDate: 2020-11-11
  Issue No: Vol. 1, No. 1 (2020)
Isolation and Characterization of Vibrio Pelagius from Marine Tidal
Sediment Samples of Thekkurichi South West Coast, Tamilnadu
- Authors: T. Kumaran, R. Rajila, T. Sindhu kumari, S. Sujithra, M. Jenifer Tamizharasi
  Pages: 10 - 16
  Abstract: Aquatic animals differ from terrestrial animals in the level of interaction between the intestinal micro biota and the surrounding environment. The bacteria present in the aquatic environment influence the composition of the gut micro flora. Vibrio pelagius is the most common surface organisms in surface water of the world. The organism originally isolated from marine and fresh water habitats and in association with aquatic animals. The present study the virulence, the biochemical properties of the toxicity such as proteolytic, haemolytic, haemagglutination and lipolytic were performed. Also V. pelagius had higher proteolytic, haemolytic activity and Haemoagglutination V. pelagius agglutinates 1:16 dilutions. These results reveal that proteases, haemolysins or exotoxins might play foremost role in the pathogenicity of Vibrio pelagius.
  PubDate: 2020-11-15
  Issue No: Vol. 1, No. 1 (2020)
Frequency of Vitamin D Deficiency Among Patients of Multiple Sclerosis in
Pakistan
- Authors: Vekash Raja, Nayab Afzal, Naveen Roy, Javaid ur Rehman, Besham Kumar Avinash
  Pages: 17 - 22
  Abstract: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a very common chronic demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system particularly among adults. In this study we aim to determine the frequency of vitamin D deficiency in patients of multiple sclerosis identifying such patients and providing proper treatment if needed, would help reducing the morbidity associated with MS. We conducted this study from August 2018 to February 2109 at Department of Neurology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center Karachi. A total of 114 previously diagnosed patients of Multiple sclerosis were included in this study. Blood was drawn and sent for measurement of 25(OH)D levels. Patients was labeled as having vitamin D deficiency if the level of total 25(OH)D level was < 20ng/ml. The average age of the patients was 37.74±10.73 years. Frequency of vitamin D deficiency in patients of multiple sclerosis was 36.44% (42/114). Out of 42 deficient cases, 34(80.9%) were mildly deficient and 8(19.1%) were moderately deficient in Vitamin D. supplementation of vitamin D in healthy individuals is now being considered as a potent strategy for MS prevention. In utero and early-life exposure could also be important, but there is strong evidence that levels of vitamin D during end of adolescence and beginning of adulthood have a major effect in determining the risk of MS.
  PubDate: 2020-11-27
  Issue No: Vol. 1, No. 1 (2020)
Effect of Aqueous Extract of Cola Nitida on Normal Development of Distal
Gastrointestinal Tract
- Authors: Bolaji Ojo
  Pages: 23 - 32
  Abstract: Normal and abnormal development of anorectum is still up for debate and the etiology of abnormal development of anorectum is poorly understood. Caffeine is a vasoconstrictor that has been implicated in abnormal anorectal development and is a major constituent of Kola nut (Cola nitida). Kola nut is consumed heavily by pregnant women in Nigeria to control vomiting. We examined the teratogenic effects of oral administration of the aqueous extract of Cola nitida (AECON) on fetal growth and development of distal gastrointestinal tract in Wistar rats. Twelve pregnant Wistar rats were used for this study and were divided into the Control group that received distilled water and experimental groups E1, E2 and E3 that received 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg, 600mg/kg of AECON respectively and orally throughout the period of pregnancy. Gross and microscopic examinations of the pups recovered were conducted to observe the various external and internal congenital malformations in the different groups. Recorded data were analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnette test. Values were considered statistically significant at p<0.05. There was a progressive reduction in the number of litters with increasing dosage of AECON in the experimental groups. Also, the weight of the pups in the experimental groups were reduced in comparison with the control group. None of the pups in all the groups had anorectal malformations or other associated congenital anomalies. Histopathological and biochemical changes were evident following administration of the extract. Based on the result of the study, oral administration of AECON during pregnancy does not have teratogenic effect on the rats but has adverse effects on fetal development and also affected biomarkers of liver damage. Therefore, the safety of the extract during pregnancy cannot be assured.
  PubDate: 2020-11-27
  Issue No: Vol. 1, No. 1 (2020)
Prevalence of Anaemia during Pregnancy and its Correlates in Meghalaya
State, India
- Authors: Nandaris Marwein, P S S Sundar Rao
  Pages: 33 - 39
  Abstract: Anaemia during pregnancy adversely affects maternal and fetal outcomes. It is a major problem globally and in India. Despite much progress in provision of public health services, the high burden of prenatal anaemia continues and Supplementation with iron and folate tablets have had low impact. Despite rich biodiversity and high literacy rates, women in Meghalaya seem to suffer from high anaemia during pregnancy and there is scarce published research. Studies were done in South West Khasi Hills of Meghalaya state during 2018-20, on anaemia during pregnancy. Nearly 500 Mothers were personally interviewed while pregnant after informed consent Hemoglobin levels were assessed through standardized techniques and graded(g/100ml) as Normal: 11 or more, Mild:9-11, Moderate: 7-8.9 and Severe: <7 The research proforma was validated by experts subjected to essential pilot studies, computerized dsing Microsoft excel sheets, and analysed using SPSS software. The research was approved by the University Research and Ethics Committee(UREC) Formal informed consent was obtained from each respondent .Of 539 pregnant women interviewed, 32 had no antenatal checkup and hence the analyses done on the 507 women. Overall prevalence of anaemia was 38.1%, (95% Confidence Interval from 33.9% to 42.3% ). The majority had mild anaemia, but significant numbers had moderate or severe anaemia causing concern. 34.1% mothers in their first trimester ,37.9% in their second trimester and 39% in their third trimester (39.1%) had anaemia; 30.6% of primigravidae women as compared to 69.4% of multigravidae have anaemia,38.6% of younger women less than 25 years, 38.3% in ages 25-34 and 36.9% in the oldest age group above 35 years are anaemic. 37.5% of illiterate women 36.8% of intermediate level 43.2% of well-educated were anaemic. On the other hand, 34.1% of mothers from nuclear families but 45.7%, from joint families have anemia However none of the differences are statistically significant. Prevalence of Anaemia during pregnancy is high in women of south west khasi hills district of Meghalaya. Multigravida, large families, poor knowledge and attitudes, improper and inadequate nutritious diets seem to be major factors to be addressed urgently.
  PubDate: 2020-11-30
  Issue No: Vol. 1, No. 1 (2020)