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Government : Annual Research Journal of Political Science
Number of Followers: 1

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2227-7927
Published by U of Sindh

[8 journals]

Research on the Constitution of the Core Competencies of Leaders: Based on
Behavioral Event Interview
- Authors: Sheng Kai, Chen Shuwen, Zulfiqar Haider
  Abstract: Leaders, cultivated by the organization, become the core force, the source of the reform and development of the organization, and the engine to grow its economy. The promotion of the organization's core competence, according to facts, lies more likely on its leaders` core force due to their roles of dominance, directivity, and fundamentality and as well their basic and key position to foster and build the core competence. The core force is not only an important theoretical proposition but also a practical one, concerning the foundation of their leadership and more heavily the success or failure of the organization. This study firstly identified the core competencies of leaders through Behavioral Event Interview(BEI) and then summarized the core competencies of leaders into three dimensions: overall command ability, managerial communication ability, and strategic leadership ability, and then elaborated on the contents of each dimension.
  PubDate: 2020-12-17
  Issue No: Vol. 9 (2020)
Pakistan’s Parliament and Its Role in the Process of Democratization
(2008-2013)
- Authors: Sidra Akram, Dr. Mughees Ahmed, Dr. Muhammad Azhar
  Abstract: Democratization is the only system, which is not only accepted but also practicable in the modern contemporary world. The fruit of democratization can be grown with the systematic and powerful mechanism of a parliament, and parliament is the basis and supreme law-making institution of any country which is running successfully in different countries. Actually, Parliament is such a mechanism which is a basic tool for the growth and development of democratization. Free and fair elections, political freedom, and votes of citizens are the universal and basic points in the process of democratization. Democracy plays its role for the welfare of society to put into practice. Democracy has the skill to secure the needs of people in the legislative process. Pakistan espoused the system of democracy in the country. Pakistani public and its politicians have an important role in the process of democratization. Constitutional history of Pakistan observed the many militaries and the civilian dictators that shaped many barriers in the evolution of the state’s democratic parliamentary culture. People of Pakistan always had given the red carpet welcome to the government of the military, and military always interrupts the civilian government. This article will discuss the role of democracy and analyzes the problems of democratization in Pakistan. This paper will throw light upon restoring parliamentary democratic procedure after the General elections of 2008, and will also give some key suggestions to strengthen the parliamentary democracy in Pakistan.
  PubDate: 2020-12-17
  Issue No: Vol. 9 (2020)
Critical Analysis of the 1956 Constitution: Origins and Its Failure
- Authors: Ghulam Mustafa Gaho, Dr. Yasmeen Yousuf Pardesi, Dr. Jamshed Ali Baloch
  Abstract: Constitution making in Pakistan remained a scrapheap challenge. The state of Pakistan, since its inception, has experienced three constitutions of 1956, 1962 and 1973. The focus of this research article is the critical analysis of the first constitution of Pakistan that was passed in 1956. Political development during the initial period of Pakistan manifests fervent political instability in the country. The significant factor of chaotic situation in the state was failure of constitution making and lack of leadership in Pakistan. The constitution of 1956 was passed for short period of time and was abrogated in 1958. The gap that was created due to failure of the first constitution has affected the future course of Pakistan and led to multiple constitutions with dozens of amendments. Many scholars are of the view that behind the failure of the constitution of 1956 was military establishment.
  PubDate: 2020-12-17
  Issue No: Vol. 9 (2020)
The Rise of Religious Fundamentalism and Communalization of History
Textbooks in India and Pakistan Assessment
- Authors: Dr. Saeed Ahmed Rid, Dr Mohammad Hassan
  Abstract: Wars, invasions, settlements, sultanates and empires were considered legitimate until 20th century when they were delegitimized by the League of Nations and the United Nations. From Aryans to Arabs, Turks, Mughals and the British, the Indian subcontinent was invaded and ruled by rulers of different descents. But it was English historian, James Mill who had divided the Indian history on communal lines as the Hindu period, the Mohammedan (Muslim) period and the British period in his famous book, History of British India published in 1817. This book divided the people of India in two unified religious binaries of Muslims and Hindus which were never seen in that way before. After James Mill many British, Muslim and Hindu authors bought that communalized version of history and wrote books on similar lines. However, it was General Zia-ul-Haq who started the project of systematically communalizing the history textbooks in Pakistan in 1980s and then similar project got grounds in India in the 2000s when right-wing Hindutva party, Bhartya Janata Party (BJP) rose to power in India and history textbooks were altered. In this paper, an attempt is made to study how history has been systematically communalized in the Indo-Pak subcontinent to suit the political ends and what havoc it is doing with the people of Pakistan and India. This research will also explore how the upsurge of religious extremism in Pakistan after the 1980s and more recent Muslim lynching in India is linked with communalizing the history textbooks in Pakistan and India.
  PubDate: 2020-12-17
  Issue No: Vol. 9 (2020)
Good Governance in Pakistan during Ayub Khan’s Rule (1958-1969)
- Authors: Ghulam Ali Gabol, Dr. Amir Ali Chandio
  Abstract: There were problems in Pakistan from the beginning, hence maintaining of good governance remained the major issue from 1947 to 1969. The founder and governor-general Jinnah focused over-improving governance. In 1951 General Muhammad Ayub Khan was made Pakistan Army‟s Commander-in-Chief. Seven prime ministers served between 1947 to October 1958 but the issues pertaining to rule of law, justice, transparency, accountability, and protection of human rights, etc were not properly handled. Ayub ruled the country from 1958 to 1969. The people were allowed to participate in the local government elections. Effective measures were taken to minimize corruption. The introduction of the presidential system, land reforms, and new industrial plants were for maintaining good governance. Ayub Khan‟s rule was significant in the Cold War era. Pakistan made progress and development in economy. This paper would analyze good governance in Muhammad Ayub Khan‟s rule during 1958-1969.
  PubDate: 2020-12-17
  Issue No: Vol. 9 (2020)
Post-Covid 19 Era: A Shift from Multilateralism to Multiplex World Order
- Authors: Ms. Bakhtawar Talpur
  Abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic is reshaping international relations. Coronavirus has quickened the progress towards a more isolated world in which the future arranging standards of the global framework are different. In that perspective, China or the United States right away cannot come out of Covid-19 as a "victor".
  PubDate: 2020-12-17
  Issue No: Vol. 9 (2020)