Abstract: A dicycle cover of a digraph is a family of dicycles of such that each arc of lies in at least one dicycle in . We investigate the problem of determining the upper bounds for the minimum number of dicycles which cover all arcs in a strong digraph. Best possible upper bounds of dicycle covers are obtained in a number of classes of digraphs including strong tournaments, Hamiltonian oriented graphs, Hamiltonian oriented complete bipartite graphs, and families of possibly non-Hamiltonian digraphs obtained from these digraphs via a sequence of 2-sum operations. PubDate: Wed, 03 Feb 2016 09:02:01 +000
Abstract: We study the qualitative behavior of the positive solutions of a second-order rational fuzzy difference equation with initial conditions being positive fuzzy numbers, and parameters are positive fuzzy numbers. More precisely, we investigate existence of positive solutions, boundedness and persistence, and stability analysis of a second-order fuzzy rational difference equation. Some numerical examples are given to verify our theoretical results. PubDate: Mon, 20 Apr 2015 14:22:03 +000
Abstract: Primitive permutation groups of prime power degree are known to be affine type, almost simple type, and product action type. At the present stage finding an explicit classification of primitive groups of affine type seems untractable, while the product action type can usually be reduced to almost simple type. In this paper, we present a short survey of the development of primitive groups of prime power degree, together with a brief description on such groups. PubDate: Sun, 11 Jan 2015 12:02:07 +000
Abstract: We proved that is total product cordial. We also give sufficient conditions for the graph to admit (or not admit) a product cordial labeling. PubDate: Mon, 05 Jan 2015 10:06:27 +000
Abstract: We introduce the definition of the -central coefficient matrices of a given Riordan array. Applying this definition and Lagrange Inversion Formula, we can calculate the -central coefficient matrices of Catalan triangles and obtain some interesting triangles and sequences. PubDate: Mon, 05 Jan 2015 06:27:41 +000
Abstract: We study some properties of a graph which is constructed from the equivalence classes of nonzero zero-divisors determined by the annihilator ideals of a poset. In particular, we demonstrate how this graph helps in identifying the annihilator prime ideals of a poset that satisfies the ascending chain condition for its proper annihilator ideals. PubDate: Thu, 01 Jan 2015 14:28:11 +000
Abstract: Radio coloring of a graph with diameter is an assignment of positive integers to the vertices of such that , where and are any two distinct vertices of and is the distance between and . The number max is called the span of . The minimum of spans over all radio colorings of is called radio number of , denoted by . An m-distant tree T is a tree in which there is a path of maximum length such that every vertex in is at the most distance from . This path is called a central path. For every tree , there is an integer such that is a -distant tree. In this paper, we determine the radio number of some -distant trees for any positive integer , and as a consequence of it, we find the radio number of a class of 1-distant trees (or caterpillars). PubDate: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 08:53:55 +000
Abstract: The classic puzzle of finding a closed knight’s tour on a chessboard consists of moving a knight from square to square in such a way that it lands on every square once and returns to its starting point. The 8 × 8 chessboard can easily be extended to rectangular boards, and in 1991, A. Schwenk characterized all rectangular boards that have a closed knight’s tour. More recently, Demaio and Hippchen investigated the impossible boards and determined the fewest number of squares that must be removed from a rectangular board so that the remaining board has a closed knight’s tour. In this paper we define an extended closed knight’s tour for a rectangular chessboard as a closed knight’s tour that includes all squares of the board and possibly additional squares beyond the boundaries of the board and answer the following question: how many squares must be added to a rectangular chessboard so that the new board has a closed knight’s tour? PubDate: Tue, 09 Dec 2014 00:10:09 +000
Abstract: The distance from a vertex of to a vertex is the length of shortest to path. The eccentricity of is the distance to a farthest vertex from . If , we say that is an eccentric vertex of . The radius is the minimum eccentricity of the vertices, whereas the diameter is the maximum eccentricity. A vertex is a central vertex if , and a vertex is a peripheral vertex if . A graph is self-centered if every vertex has the same eccentricity; that is, . The distance degree sequence (dds) of a vertex in a graph is a list of the number of vertices at distance in that order, where denotes the eccentricity of in . Thus, the sequence is the distance degree sequence of the vertex in where denotes the number of vertices at distance from . The concept of distance degree regular (DDR) graphs was introduced by Bloom et al., as the graphs for which all vertices have the same distance degree sequence. By definition, a DDR graph must be a regular graph, but a regular graph may not be DDR. A graph is distance degree injective (DDI) graph if no two vertices have the same distance degree sequence. DDI graphs are highly irregular, in comparison with the DDR graphs. In this paper we present an exhaustive review of the two concepts of DDR and DDI graphs. The paper starts with an insight into all distance related sequences and their applications. All the related open problems are listed. PubDate: Mon, 08 Dec 2014 08:34:52 +000
Abstract: Formulas for calculations of the eccentric connectivity index and Zagreb coindices of graphs under generalized hierarchical product are presented. As an application, explicit formulas for eccentric connectivity index and Zagreb coindices of some chemical graphs are obtained. PubDate: Thu, 27 Nov 2014 13:49:13 +000
Abstract: Graceful labeling is one of the most researched problems. One of the earliest results is that caterpillars are graceful. We show that caterpillars connected to a vertex recursively satisfying certain conditions are also graceful. PubDate: Sun, 23 Nov 2014 12:30:27 +000
Abstract: Let be an abelian group. A graph is called -magic if there exists edge labeling such that the induced vertex set labeling , defined by , where the sum is over all edges in , is a constant map. A graph is -barycentric-magic (or has -barycentric labeling) if is -magic and also satisfies for all and for some vertex adjacent to . In this paper we consider some graphs and characterize all for which is -barycentric-magic. PubDate: Sun, 16 Nov 2014 12:44:52 +000
Abstract: Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of Hermitian self-orthogonal constacyclic codes of length over a finite field , coprime to , are found. The defining sets and corresponding generator polynomials of these codes are also characterised. A formula for the number of Hermitian self-orthogonal constacyclic codes of length over a finite field is obtained. Conditions for the existence of numerous MDS Hermitian self-orthogonal constacyclic codes are obtained. The defining set and the number of such MDS codes are also found. PubDate: Wed, 12 Nov 2014 07:07:21 +000
Abstract: We introduce Smarandache curves according to the Lorentzian Darboux frame of a curve on spacelike surface in Minkowski 3-space . Also, we obtain the Sabban frame and the geodesic curvature of the Smarandache curves and give some characterizations on the curves when the curve α is an asymptotic curve or a principal curve. And we give an example to illustrate these curves. PubDate: Thu, 16 Oct 2014 09:20:29 +000
Abstract: The problem of finding the number of irreducible monic polynomials of degree over is considered in this paper. By considering the fact that an irreducible polynomial of degree over has a root in a subfield of if and only if , we show that Gauss’s formula for the number of monic irreducible polynomials can be derived by merely considering the lattice of subfields of . We also use the lattice of subfields of to determine if it is possible to generate a Goppa code using an element lying in a proper subfield of . PubDate: Thu, 18 Sep 2014 00:00:00 +000
Abstract: Notions of vague filters, subpositive implicative vague filters, and Boolean vague filters of a residuated lattice are introduced and some related properties are investigated. The characterizations of (subpositive implicative, Boolean) vague filters is obtained. We prove that the set of all vague filters of a residuated lattice forms a complete lattice and we find its distributive sublattices. The relation among subpositive implicative vague filters and Boolean vague filters are obtained and it is proved that subpositive implicative vague filters are equivalent to Boolean vague filters. PubDate: Wed, 10 Sep 2014 05:28:00 +000
Abstract: A partial ordering of ω-words can be introduced with regard to whether an ω-word can be transformed into another by a Mealy machine. It is known that the poset of ω-words that is introduced by this ordering is a join-semilattice. The width of this join-semilattice has the power of continuum while the depth is at least . We have created a technique for proving that power-characteristic ω-words are incomparable. We use this technique to show that this join-semilattice is not modular. PubDate: Thu, 15 May 2014 11:29:53 +000
Abstract: We intend to study a new class of algebraic approximations, called -approximations, and their properties. We have shown that -approximations can be used for applied problems which cannot be modeled by inclusion based approximations. Also, in this work, we studied a subclass of -approximations, called -approximations, and showed that this subclass preserves most of the properties of inclusion based approximations but is not necessarily inclusionbased. The paper concludes by studying some basic operations on -approximations and counting the number of -min functions. PubDate: Mon, 28 Apr 2014 14:04:33 +000
Abstract: Chaotification problemsof partial difference equations are studied. Two chaotificationschemes are established by utilizing the snap-back repeller theoryof general discrete dynamical systems, and all the systems areproved to be chaotic in the sense of both Li-Yorke and Devaney. Anexample is provided to illustrate the theoretical results withcomputer simulations. PubDate: Thu, 13 Mar 2014 12:25:46 +000
Abstract: Let n, d, and r be three integers such that . Chiaselotti (2002) defined as the minimum number of the nonnegative partial sums with d summands of a sum , where are n real numbers arbitrarily chosen in such a way that r of them are nonnegative and the remaining are negative. Chiaselotti (2002) and Chiaselotti et al. (2008) determine the values of for particular infinite ranges of the integer parameters n, d, and r. In this paper we continue their approach on this problem and we prove the following results: (i) for all values of n, d, and r such that ; (ii) PubDate: Mon, 03 Mar 2014 15:53:13 +000
Abstract: The concept of -cycle is investigated for its properties and applications. Connectionswith irreducible polynomials over a finite field are established with emphases on thenotions of order and degree. The results are applied to deduce new results aboutprimitive and self-reciprocal polynomials. PubDate: Wed, 26 Feb 2014 12:54:51 +000
Abstract: An interval p-graph is the intersection graph of a collection of intervals which have been colored with p different colors with edges corresponding to nonempty intersection of intervals from different color classes. We characterize the class of 2-trees which are interval 3-graphs via a list of three graphs and three infinite families of forbidden induced subgraphs. PubDate: Sun, 23 Feb 2014 07:37:03 +000
Abstract: Let be a monoid, and let be a commutative idempotent submonoid. We show that we can find a complete set of orthogonal idempotents of the monoid algebra of such that there is a basis of adapted to this set of idempotents which is in one-to-one correspondence with elements of the monoid. The basis graph describing the Peirce decomposition with respect to gives a coarse structure of the algebra, of which any complete set of primitive idempotents gives a refinement, and we give some criterion for this coarse structure to actually be a fine structure, which means that the nonzero elements of the monoid are in one-to-one correspondence with the vertices and arrows of the basis graph with respect to a set of primitive idempotents, with this basis graph being a canonical object. PubDate: Thu, 30 Jan 2014 07:07:35 +000
Abstract: The following question is asked by the senior author (Gyárfás (2011)). What is the order of the largest monochromatic noncrossing subtree (caterpillar) that exists in every 2-coloring of the edges of a simple geometric ? We solve one particular problem asked by Gyárfás (2011): separate the Ramsey number of noncrossing trees from the Ramsey number of noncrossing double stars. We also reformulate the question as a Ramsey-type problem for 0-1 matrices and pose the following conjecture. Every 0-1 matrix contains zeros or ones, forming a staircase: a sequence which goes right in rows and down in columns, possibly skipping elements, but not at turning points. We prove this conjecture in some special cases and put forward some related problems as well. PubDate: Thu, 23 Jan 2014 16:22:51 +000
Abstract: Since the 1950s, mathematicians have successfully interpreted the traditional Eulerian numbers and -Eulerian numbers combinatorially. In this paper, the authors give a combinatorial interpretation to the general Eulerian numbers defined on general arithmetic progressions . PubDate: Thu, 02 Jan 2014 12:54:24 +000
Abstract: We determine when the Cartesian product of two circulant graphs is also a circulant graph. This leads to a theory of factorization of circulant graphs. PubDate: Thu, 26 Dec 2013 18:06:55 +000
Abstract: The present paper on classification of -variable Boolean functions highlights the process of classification in a coherent way such that each class contains a single affine Boolean function. Two unique and different methods have been devised for this classification. The first one is a recursive procedure that uses the Cartesian product of sets starting from the set of one variable Boolean functions. In the second method, the classification is done by changing some predefined bit positions with respect to the affine function belonging to that class. The bit positions which are changing also provide us information concerning the size and symmetry properties of the classes/subclasses in such a way that the members of classes/subclasses satisfy certain similar properties. PubDate: Thu, 31 Oct 2013 15:18:06 +000
Abstract: Let be the symmetrical group acting on the set and . Consider the set The main result of this paper is the following theorem. If the number of set entries is more than , then there exist entries such that , , and . The application of this theorem to the three-dimensional assignment problem is considered. PubDate: Wed, 30 Oct 2013 12:01:07 +000
Abstract: Here presented are -extensions of several linear operators including a novel -analogue of the derivative operator . Some -analogues of the symbolic substitution rules given by He et al., 2007, are obtained. As sample applications, we show how these -substitution rules may be used to construct symbolic summation and series transformation formulas, including -analogues of the classical Euler transformations for accelerating the convergence of alternating series. PubDate: Sun, 14 Jul 2013 09:34:08 +000
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