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 Communications in Mathematical PhysicsJournal Prestige (SJR): 1.682 Citation Impact (citeScore): 2Number of Followers: 4      Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles) ISSN (Print) 1432-0916 - ISSN (Online) 0010-3616 Published by Springer-Verlag  [2626 journals]
• Bounds on the Geometric Complexity of Optimal Centroidal Voronoi
Tesselations in 3D
• Abstract: Abstract Gersho’s conjecture in 3D asserts the asymptotic periodicity and structure of the optimal centroidal Voronoi tessellation. This relatively simple crystallization problem remains to date open. We prove bounds on the geometric complexity of optimal centroidal Voronoi tessellations as the number of generators tends to infinity. Combined with an approach of Gruber in 2D, these bounds reduce the resolution of the 3D Gersho’s conjecture to a finite, albeit very large, computation of an explicit convex problem in finitely many variables.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Bulk-Boundary Correspondence for Disordered Free-Fermion Topological
Phases
• Abstract: Abstract Guided by the many-particle quantum theory of interacting systems, we develop a uniform classification scheme for topological phases of disordered gapped free fermions, encompassing all symmetry classes of the Tenfold Way. We apply this scheme to give a mathematically rigorous proof of bulk-boundary correspondence. To that end, we construct real C $$^*$$ -algebras harbouring the bulk and boundary data of disordered free-fermion ground states. These we connect by a natural bulk-to-boundary short exact sequence, realising the bulk system as a quotient of the half-space theory modulo boundary contributions. To every ground state, we attach two classes in different pictures of real operator $$K$$ -theory (or $$KR$$ -theory): a bulk class, using Van Daele’s picture, along with a boundary class, using Kasparov’s Fredholm picture. We then show that the connecting map for the bulk-to-boundary sequence maps these $$KR$$ -theory classes to each other. This implies bulk-boundary correspondence, in the presence of disorder, for both the “strong” and the “weak” invariants.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Embeddings of Uniform Roe Algebras
• Abstract: Abstract In this paper, we study embeddings of uniform Roe algebras. Generally speaking, given metric spaces X and Y, we are interested in which large scale geometric properties are stable under embedding of the uniform Roe algebra of X into the uniform Roe algebra of Y.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Defect Modes for Dislocated Periodic Media
• Abstract: Abstract We study defect modes in a one-dimensional periodic medium perturbed by an adiabatic dislocation of amplitude $$\delta \ll 1$$ . If the periodic background admits a Dirac point—a linear crossing of dispersion curves—then the dislocated operator acquires a gap in its essential spectrum. For this model (and its honeycomb analog) Fefferman et al. (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111(24):8759–8763, 2014, Mem Am Math Soc 247(1173):118, 2017, Ann PDE 2(2):80, 2016, 2D Mater 3:1, 2016) constructed (at leading order in $$\delta$$ ) defect modes with energies within the gap. These bifurcate from the eigenmodes of an effective Dirac operator. Here we address the following open problems: Do all defect modes arise as bifurcations from the Dirac operator eigenmodes' Do these modes admit expansions to all order in $$\delta$$ ' We respond positively to both questions. Our approach relies on (a) resolvent estimates for the bulk operators; (b) scattering theory for highly oscillatory potentials [Dr18a, Dr18b, Dr18c]. It has led to an understanding of the topological stability of defect states in continuous dislocated systems—in connection with the bulk-edge correspondence [Dr18d].
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• A Dixmier Trace Formula for the Density of States
• Abstract: Abstract A version of Connes trace formula allows to associate a measure on the essential spectrum of a Schrödinger operator with bounded potential. In solid state physics there is another celebrated measure associated with such operators—the density of states. In this paper we demonstrate that these two measures coincide. We show how this equality can be used to give explicit formulae for the density of states in some circumstances.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Large n Limit for the Product of Two Coupled Random Matrices
• Abstract: Abstract For a pair of coupled rectangular random matrices we consider the squared singular values of their product, which form a determinantal point process. We show that the limiting mean distribution of these squared singular values is described by the second component of the solution to a vector equilibrium problem. This vector equilibrium problem is defined for three measures with an upper constraint on the first measure and an external field on the second measure. We carry out the steepest descent analysis for a 4 $$\times$$ 4 matrix-valued Riemann–Hilbert problem, which characterizes the correlation kernel and is related to mixed type multiple orthogonal polynomials associated with the modified Bessel functions. A careful study of the vector equilibrium problem, combined with this asymptotic analysis, ultimately leads to the aforementioned convergence result for the limiting mean distribution, an explicit form of the associated spectral curve, as well as local Sine, Meijer-G and Airy universality results for the squared singular values considered.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Twisted Cohomotopy Implies M-Theory Anomaly Cancellation on 8-Manifolds
• Abstract: Abstract We consider the hypothesis that the C-field 4-flux and 7-flux forms in M-theory are in the image of the non-abelian Chern character map from the non-abelian generalized cohomology theory called J-twisted Cohomotopy theory. We prove for M2-brane backgrounds in M-theory on 8-manifolds that such charge quantization of the C-field in Cohomotopy theory implies a list of expected anomaly cancellation conditions, including: shifted C-field flux quantization and C-field tadpole cancellation, but also the DMW anomaly cancellation and the C-field’s integral equation of motion.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Matrix Resolvent and the Discrete KdV Hierarchy
• Abstract: Abstract Based on the matrix-resolvent approach, for an arbitrary solution to the discrete KdV hierarchy, we define the tau-function of the solution, and compare it with another tau-function of the solution defined via reduction of the Toda lattice hierarchy. Explicit formulae for generating series of logarithmic derivatives of the tau-functions are obtained, and applications to enumeration of ribbon graphs with even valencies and to certain special cubic Hodge integrals are considered.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Leibniz Gauge Theories and Infinity Structures
• Abstract: Abstract We formulate gauge theories based on Leibniz(-Loday) algebras and uncover their underlying mathematical structure. Various special cases have been developed in the context of gauged supergravity and exceptional field theory. These are based on ‘tensor hierarchies’, which describe towers of p-form gauge fields transforming under non-abelian gauge symmetries and which have been constructed up to low levels. Here we define ‘infinity-enhanced Leibniz algebras’ that guarantee the existence of consistent tensor hierarchies to arbitrary level. We contrast these algebras with strongly homotopy Lie algebras ( $$L_{\infty }$$ algebras), which can be used to define topological field theories for which all curvatures vanish. Any infinity-enhanced Leibniz algebra carries an associated $$L_{\infty }$$ algebra, which we discuss.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

Are Equivalent
• Abstract: Abstract Motivated by various applications and examples, the standard notion of potential for dynamical systems has been generalized to almost additive and asymptotically additive potential sequences, and the corresponding thermodynamic formalism, dimension theory and large deviations theory have been extensively studied in the recent years. In this paper, we show that every such potential sequence is actually equivalent to a standard (additive) potential in the sense that there exists a continuous potential with the same topological pressure, equilibrium states, variational principle, weak Gibbs measures, level sets (and irregular set) for the Lyapunov exponent and large deviations properties. In this sense, our result shows that almost and asymptotically additive potential sequences do not extend the scope of the theory compared to standard potentials, and that many results in the literature about such sequences can be recovered as immediate consequences of their counterpart in the additive case. A corollary of our main result is that all quasi-Bernoulli measures are weak Gibbs.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Reducible KAM Tori for the Degasperis–Procesi Equation
• Abstract: Abstract We develop KAM theory close to an elliptic fixed point for quasi-linear Hamiltonian perturbations of the dispersive Degasperis–Procesi equation on the circle. The overall strategy in KAM theory for quasi-linear PDEs is based on Nash–Moser nonlinear iteration, pseudo differential calculus and normal form techniques. In the present case the complicated symplectic structure, the weak dispersive effects of the linear flow and the presence of strong resonant interactions require a novel set of ideas. The main points are to exploit the integrability of the unperturbed equation, to look for special wave packet solutions and to perform a very careful algebraic analysis of the resonances. Our approach is quite general and can be applied also to other 1d integrable PDEs. We are confident for instance that the same strategy should work for the Camassa–Holm equation.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Polyhedral Billiards, Eigenfunction Concentration and Almost Periodic
Control
• Abstract: Abstract We study dynamical properties of the billiard flow on convex polyhedra away from a neighbourhood of the non-smooth part of the boundary, called “pockets”. We prove there are only finitely many immersed periodic tubes missing the pockets and moreover establish a new quantitative estimate for the lengths of such tubes. This extends well-known results in dimension 2. We then apply these dynamical results to prove a quantitative Laplace eigenfunction mass concentration near the pockets of convex polyhedral billiards. As a technical tool for proving our concentration results on irrational polyhedra, we establish a control-theoretic estimate on a product space with an almost-periodic boundary condition. This extends previously known control estimates for periodic boundary conditions, and seems to be of independent interest.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Minimal-Area Metrics on the Swiss Cross and Punctured Torus
• Abstract: Abstract The closed string theory minimal-area problem asks for the conformal metric of least area on a Riemann surface with the condition that all non-contractible closed curves have length greater than or equal to an arbitrary constant that can be set to one. Through every point in such a metric there is a geodesic that saturates the length condition, and the saturating geodesics in a given homotopy class form a band. The extremal metric is unknown when bands of geodesics cross, as it happens for surfaces of non-zero genus. We use recently proposed convex programs to numerically find the minimal-area metric on the square torus with a square boundary, for various sizes of the boundary. For large enough boundary the problem is equivalent to the “Swiss cross” challenge posed by Strebel. We find that the metric is positively curved in the two-band region and flat in the single-band regions. For small boundary the metric develops a third band of geodesics wrapping around it, and has both regions of positive and of negative curvature. This surface can be completed to provide the minimal-area metric on a once-punctured torus, representing a closed-string tadpole diagram.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Source Identities and Kernel Functions for the Deformed
Koornwinder–van Diejen Models
• Abstract: Abstract We consider generalizations of the BC-type relativistic Calogero–Moser–Sutherland models, comprising of the rational, trigonometric, hyperbolic, and elliptic cases, due to Koornwinder and van Diejen, and construct an explicit eigenfunction for these generalizations. In special cases, we find the various kernel function identities, and also a Chalykh–Feigin–Sergeev–Veselov type deformation of these operators and their corresponding kernel functions, which generalize the known kernel functions for the Koornwinder–van Diejen models.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• On the Mass of Static Metrics with Positive Cosmological Constant: II
• Abstract: Abstract This is the second of two works, in which we discuss the definition of an appropriate notion of mass for static metrics, in the case where the cosmological constant is positive and the model solutions are compact. In the first part, we have established a positive mass statement, characterising the de Sitter solution as the only static vacuum metric with zero mass. In this second part, we prove optimal area bounds for horizons of black hole type and of cosmological type, corresponding to Riemannian Penrose inequalities and to cosmological area bounds à la Boucher–Gibbons–Horowitz, respectively. Building on the related rigidity statements, we also deduce a uniqueness result for the Schwarzschild–de Sitter spacetime.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Uniform Energy Bound and Morawetz Estimate for Extreme Components of Spin
Fields in the Exterior of a Slowly Rotating Kerr Black Hole II: Linearized
Gravity
• Abstract: Abstract This second part of the series treats spin $$\pm 2$$ components (or extreme components), that satisfy the Teukolsky master equation, of the linearized gravity in the exterior of a slowly rotating Kerr black hole. For each of these two components, after performing a first-order differential operator once and twice, the resulting equations together with the Teukolsky master equation itself constitute a linear spin-weighted wave system. An energy and Morawetz estimate for spin $$\pm 2$$ components is proved by treating this system. This is a first step in a joint work (Andersson et al. in Stability for linearized gravity on the Kerr spacetime, arXiv:1903.03859, 2019) in addressing the linear stability of slowly rotating Kerr metrics.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Geometrically Finite Poincaré–Einstein Metrics
• Abstract: Abstract We construct new examples of Einstein metrics by perturbing the conformal infinity of geometrically finite hyperbolic metrics and by applying the inverse function theorem in suitable weighted Hölder spaces.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Convex Programs for Minimal-Area Problems
• Abstract: Abstract The minimal-area problem that defines string diagrams in closed string field theory asks for the metric of least area on a Riemann surface with the condition that all non-contractible closed curves have length at least $$2\pi$$ . This is an extremal length problem in conformal geometry as well as a problem in systolic geometry. We consider the analogous minimal-area problem for homology classes of curves and, with the aid of calibrations and the max flow-min cut theorem, formulate it as a local convex program. We derive an equivalent dual program involving maximization of a concave functional. These two programs give new insights into the form of the minimal-area metric and are amenable to numerical solution. We explain how the homology problem can be modified to provide the solution to the original homotopy problem.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• Non-integrable Dimers: Universal Fluctuations of Tilted Height Profiles
• Abstract: Abstract We study a class of close-packed dimer models on the square lattice, in the presence of small but extensive perturbations that make them non-determinantal. Examples include the 6-vertex model close to the free-fermion point, and the dimer model with plaquette interaction previously analyzed in previous works. By tuning the edge weights, we can impose a non-zero average tilt for the height function, so that the considered models are in general not symmetric under discrete rotations and reflections. In the determinantal case, height fluctuations in the massless (or ‘liquid’) phase scale to a Gaussian log-correlated field and their amplitude is a universal constant, independent of the tilt. When the perturbation strength $$\lambda$$ is sufficiently small we prove, by fermionic constructive Renormalization Group methods, that log-correlations survive, with amplitude A that, generically, depends non-trivially and non-universally on $$\lambda$$ and on the tilt. On the other hand, A satisfies a universal scaling relation (‘Haldane’ or ‘Kadanoff’ relation), saying that it equals the anomalous exponent of the dimer–dimer correlation.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

• VOAs and Rank-Two Instanton SCFTs
• Abstract: Abstract We analyze the $$\mathcal {N}=2$$ superconformal field theories that arise when a pair of D3-branes probe an F-theory singularity from the perspective of the associated vertex operator algebra. We identify these vertex operator algebras for all cases; we find that they have a completely uniform description, parameterized by the dual Coxeter number of the corresponding global symmetry group. We further present free field realizations for these algebras in the style of recent work by three of the authors. These realizations transparently reflect the algebraic structure of the Higgs branches of these theories. We find fourth-order linear modular differential equations for the vacuum characters/Schur indices of these theories, which are again uniform across the full family of theories and parameterized by the dual Coxeter number. We comment briefly on expectations for the still higher-rank cases.
PubDate: 2020-08-01

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