Authors:Ejder ÇELİK Abstract: Socialization is basically a recovery process. Inparallel with the biological and psychological development, the individualadopts what is socially acceptable. Social behavior patterns, rules of conduct,and forms of communication, provide current gains related to the constructionnorms and values. Family, peer groups, defined in terms of school and formalsocial gains realized in working life and informal relationships andenvironments, such as relationships can be defined in formal structures. Bothrecovery areas are a complementary one. Time period is defined as formaleducation and leisure refers to the non-working hours. In modern society, suchperiods of time are considered to be very important in terms of socializationand personal development by making every day more planned. However, today thebiggest obstacles before the planning of leisure time are mobile phonecommunication technology, the internet and television that take up most of thetime of the young people. The relationship codes behind this type of time are the axis ofproduction-consumption and they have turned into an extension of free-timeworking hours. Nowadays, the way in which free time is spent is no longer anindicator of social development. The way systematic transfer of knowledge ispossible in free time, artistic, scientific, communicative success events hasshown us the existence of hosting space. Dealing with "Sociology ofLeisure Time" with reference to the principles and theories ofsociological studies will reveal different aspects of leisure education. PubDate: Thu, 31 May 2018 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Yaşar Pınar ÖZMEN Abstract: Theparty system is a concept in comparative political science concerning howpolitical representation is shared by competing parties and the relationalpositions of parties in parliament. This article focuses on the majortransformations and main characteristics of Turkish party system. The analysisis carried out based on the electoral data of 18 general elections ofrepresentatives at national level since 1950 when the first free elections tookplace in Turkey. The basic indicators of the party system are compared withthose of other countries. In the history of Turkey, party system has evolvedfrom the single-party system to multi-party system without a radical regimeinterruption. The degree of party system fragmentation gradually has increasedover time until the early 2000s and high electoral volatility has been the case.However in the last fifteen years, a growing level of competitiveness andrelatively decreasing fragmentation of the party system have been observed. Theruling party constantly has had the largest vote share in the consecutiveelections and controlled of the majority of seats. In this period, a multi-party system turnedtowards a dominant party system according to the terminology of politicalscience. Historical development and the basic indicators of party system (i.e.fragmentation and electoral volatility) evaluated together it could be notedthat Turkish party system has still not sufficiently institutionalized comparedto advanced democracies. PubDate: Thu, 31 May 2018 00:00:00 +030
Open Access journal
[214 journals]
