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- Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Acorus calamus L. ...
Abstract: Background & Aim: Acorus calamus L. (Araceae) is an herb traditionally used in Indian and Chinees system of medicine. It is a perennial herb with long, cylindrical scented rhizomes which are creeping and extensively branched with the thickness up to 2.5 cm. The rhizomes are whitish internally and brownish externally in appearance. It is vernacularly known as Bach in India. The present investigation reveals the phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of the rhizome and leaves methanolic extracts of A calamus from three different altitudes of Uttarakhand. Experimental: The extracts compositions of Acorus calamus rhizomes and leaves collected from three different altitudes of Uttarakhand Himalayas, India. The yield of extracts ranged from 0.3- 4.8% w/v, were analyzed by GC/MS and in-vitro antioxidant assay were done by different methods. Results: Over 65 contributing 80.90-90.55 % in different extracts among all the accessions were identified. The major compounds identified were β-asarone (44.9-51.9%), shyobunone (1.1%- 5.3%), Z-methyl isoeugenol (0.1%-2.4%), leinoleic acid (6.4%-18.9%), α-asarone(0.1%-4.6%) and Z-isoelemicin (2.2%-15.8%). The amount of phenolics in rhizome extracts, ranged from 4.10 mg-4.80 mg GAE/g respectively, whereas in leaf extracts the amounts were 2.40-3.26mg GAE/g respectively. All the extracts exhibited good in vitro antioxidant activity with the IC50 values ranging from 0.3- 4.8 % w/v determined by different methods compared to standard antioxidant.Recommended applications/industries: Based on above observations it can be inferred that the herb may be a good source of bioactive compounds and can work as an antioxidant to prevent the oxidative deteriorative activity of food materials beside generation of database for its scientific and judicious in-situ exploitation.
PubDate: Sun, 30 Jun 2019 19:30:00 +010
- Day time trend in the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity
of Azadirachta indica ...
Abstract: Background & Aim:Medicinal plants have been of immense therapeutic values to many communities, some traditional folklore places emphasis on collecting plants during the day for medicinal purpose. This study examined the effect of collection time on the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Azadirachta indica leaves. Experimental: Leaves samples were collected at six hour intervals between 6AM to 6PM, phytochemical quantification was done using standard methods; antioxidant assays were done after ethanol extraction via reducing power and nitric oxide scavenging assay (NO). Results: Saponin concentration ranged from 1.08-1.24%, Tannin 0.22-0.31%, Steroid 0.08-0.14%, Glycoside 0.090-0.104%, Alkaloids 3.88-4.27%, Flavonoids 0.050-0.080% and 1.16-1.32% for Phenolics in the leaves of A. indica collected at different time of the day. The effect of time of sample collection on the phytochemical constituents shows that phytochemicals such as saponin, tannin, glycoside, alkaloids and phenolics are significantly (p<0.05) more concentrated in the leaves in the evening time (6PM) compared to other time period while steroid and flavonoid are also significantly more concentrated in the noon time (12PM). Reducing power assay shows that leave samples collected at 12PM exhibited the highest reducing power which is comparable with the samples collected at 6PM. The early morning samples showed the least reducing power while the standard antioxidant had higher reducing power than the three sample extracts. The highest percentage NO inhibition was observed in leave samples collected at 12PM (72.40%), but this is less than the ascorbic acid (standard antioxidant) which shows 84.47% inhibition. Analysis of the IC50 revealed that the afternoon sample (12PM) had the least value (23.29 μg/ml) thus, possessing better antioxidant capacity with respect to the NO scavenging; this is to a lower extent than the IC50 value (12.71 μg/ml) of the standard antioxidant.Recommended applications/industries: From the foregoing, variation exists in daytime concentrations of phytochemical in A. indica leaves which may impact on its pharmacological actions.
PubDate: Sun, 30 Jun 2019 19:30:00 +010
- Phytochemical analysis, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of
methanolic extract of ...
Abstract: Background & Aim:Caryopteris odorata is an aromatic shrub of family verbenaceae growing in tropical to subtropical regions. Various traditional applications of this plant have been documented guiding us to investigate the pharmacological activities and to further investigate the chemical composition. Experimental: Methanolic extract of aerial parts of Caryopteris odorata was investigated for antioxidant activity and the major phyto-constituents and total phenolic content were screened. The antioxidant activity was determined by measuring the scavenging activity using DPPH radical scavenging, NO radical scavenging, so radical scavenging activity, Metal chelating and reducing power assay. The antimicrobial efficacy was determined using agar well diffusion method against gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria. Sensitivity in terms of zones of inhibition and phytochemical composition of the extracts were also determined. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using albumin denaturation method. Diclofenec Sodium was used as a standard drug for the study of anti-inflammatory activity. Results: The results revealed that, methanolic extracts possess broad spectrum antibacterial activity against three microorganisms. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of diterpenes carbohydrates, glycosides, sterols and triterpenoids, aliphatic acids , tocopherols and phenolics. The methenolic extract exhibit strong antioxidant activity (IC50 values for DPPH assay 164.60 ±0.37 mg/ml, for metal chelating 280.30 ± 3.28 mg/ml, for reducing assay 80.38 ± 0.79 mg/ml, respectively). The extract also showed in vitro anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the heat induced albumin denaturation with IC50 value as 497.22 ± 1.34 mg/ml, respectively. From the result, it is concluded that the C.odorata possess a rich amount of different class of compounds and further the phytochemicals present in the C.odorata extract may be responsible for the antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Recommended applications/industries: The results obtained from various activities suggest Caryopteris odorata application as natural alternative antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial reagent.
PubDate: Fri, 21 Dec 2018 20:30:00 +010
- Comparative Study of Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of
Essential Oil Extracted ...
Abstract: Background and Aim: Acorus calamus L. is a native plant in India. It is a semi aquatic perennial plant of family Acoraceae having scented rhizomes and tapered reed like leaves. A. calamus also known as sweet flag in English and Bach in Hindi, is an annual, marshy, aromatic herbaceous plant measuring 80-100 cm in height with distinct leaves arising from the rhizomes. This study investigated the chemical diversity and antioxidant activity of leaf essential oil among different altitudinal regions of Uttarakhand. Experimental: The essential oil composition of A. calamus (Araceae) leaves, collected from twenty different ecological niches of Uttarakhand, in India with oil yield ranged between 0.2-1.4 percent, were analyzed by GC/MS. DPPH assay were performed for determination of antioxidant activity of each oil.Results & Discussion: The major component ranging 43.4-60.7% of the total oil was identified as β- asarone. The other predominant constituents were α-asarone (2.6-7.9%), shyobunone (3.4-6.3%) and Z- isoelemicin (3.2-5.4%). The antioxidant activity of essential oil was studied by their ability to scavenge free radicals with different IC50 values (10.79-106.44 μg/ml) in comparison to standard antioxidant. Industrial and practical recommendation: The vast chemical diversity of the herb essential oil and its antioxidant potential can be good natural source for herbal neutraceuticals and phenyl propanoids, the biologically important class of terpenoids.
PubDate: Mon, 11 Dec 2017 20:30:00 +010
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