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- Ethnobotany of Medicinal Plants Used by Rakhine Indigenous Communities in
Patuakhali and Barguna District of Southern Bangladesh
Authors: A. T. M. Rafiqul Islam, Mahadiy Hasan, Tahidul Islam, Ashikur Rahman, Shawon Mitra, Subroto K. Das
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
An extensive study has been made to identify, document, and investigate the ethnomedicinal plants used by Rakhine ethnic minorities in Patuakhali and Barguna District of southern Bangladesh for the term of April 2018 to June 2019. In this article, we have focused on the Rakhine population trends, management concerns, and some actions for conserving the Rakhine population diversity in the study area. In this study, we have identified the locations where Rakhine population lives in Patuakhali and Barguna districts. A total of 86 plant species belonging to 71 genera and 43 families were reported to be used for treating more than 57 various physical ailments under 14 illness categories from the study area. For each of the species, the botanic name, common name, Rakhine name, family, habit, parts used and traditional medicinal uses of the plant species have been presented. The maximum numbers of ethnomedicinal plant species were utilized to treat gastrointestinal complaints (43) taken after by the treatment of dermatological issues (36). The highly cited (75.60%) plant species were found to be Ananas comosus and Aegle marmelos used for gastro-intestinal (Stomach pain, indigestion, and dysentery) digestive disorders and subsequently followed by Colocasia esculenta (70.73%) used for cut, bleeding and wound healing. The results of this study have shown that Rakhine indigenous communities still depend on conventional plant-based medication to remedy various diseases and therapeutic purposes in the study area. Our findings have also shown that despite there have adequate phytodiversity in the natural habitat of the study area but the number of Rakhine population has been declining significantly day-by-day. As an ultimate result, we have lost the plant-based traditional medicinal knowledge of Rakhine indigenous communities in Bangladesh. As a rich source of traditional knowledge and cultural diversity, it calls for urgent initiatives to conserve the cultural heritage of the Rakhine community as well as the diversity of Rakhine ethnic group.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-12-28T09:53:48Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20971586
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Calligonum comosum
(L’Her.) Methanolic Extract in Human Triple-Negative MDA-MB-231 Breast
Cancer Cells
Authors: Zeyad Alehaideb, Saleh AlGhamdi, Wesam Bin Yahya, Hamad Al-Eidi, Mashael Alharbi, Monira Alaujan, Abeer Albaz, Muruj Tukruni, Atef Nehdi, Maha-Hamadien Abdulla, Sabine Matou-Nasri
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most aggressive subtype, does not respond to targeted therapy due to the lack of hormone receptors. There is an urgent need for alternative therapies, including natural product-based anti-cancer drugs, at lower cost. We investigated the impact of a Calligonum comosum L’Hér. methanolic extract (CcME) on the TNBC MDA-MB-231 cell line proliferation and related cell death mechanisms performing cell viability and cytotoxicity assays, flow cytometry to detect apoptosis and cell cycle analysis. The apoptosis-related protein array and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay were also carried out. We showed that the CcME inhibited the TNBC cell viability, in a dose-dependent manner, with low cytotoxic effects. The CcME-treated TNBC cells underwent apoptosis, associated with a concomitant increase of apoptosis-related protein expression, including cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, and the anti-oxidant enzyme catalase, compared with the untreated cells. The CcME also enhanced the mitochondrial transition pore opening activity and induced G0/G1 cell growth arrest, which confirmed the cytochrome c release and the increase of the p21 expression detected in the CcME-treated TNBC cells. The CcME-treated TNBC cells resulted in intracellular ROS production, which, when blocked with a ROS scavenger, did not reduce the CcME-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, CcME exerts anti-proliferative effects against TNBC cells through the induction of apoptosis and cell growth arrest. In vivo studies are justified to verify the CcME anti-proliferative activities and to investigate any potential anti-metastatic activities of CcME against TNBC development and progression.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-12-11T04:01:39Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20978391
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- In Vitro and In Vivo Antimalarial Activities and Toxicological Assessment
of Pogostemon Cablin (Blanco) Benth
Authors: Arisara Phuwajaroanpong, Prapaporn Chaniad, Natharinee Horata, Saowanee Muangchanburee, Kantarakorn Kaewdana, Chuchard Punsawad
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
The aim of this study was to investigate the antimalarial activities and toxicity of Pogostemon cablin extracts. In vitro activities against the chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum K1 strain were assessed by using the Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (pLDH) assay, while in vivo activity against the Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain in mice was investigated using a 4-day suppressive test. The in vitro and in vivo toxicity were determined in Vero cells and mice, respectively. The ethanolic extract possessed antimalarial activity with an IC50 of 24.49 ± 0.01 µg/ml, whereas the aqueous extract showed an IC50 of 549.30 ± 0.07 µg/ml. Cytotoxic analyses of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts revealed a nontoxic effect on Vero cells at a concentration of 80 µg/ml. Based on a preliminary study of in vitro antimalarial activity, the ethanolic extract was chosen as a potential agent for further in vivo antimalarial activity analysis in mice. The ethanolic extract, which showed no toxic effect on mice at a dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, significantly suppressed parasitemia in mice by 38.41%, 45.12% and 89.00% at doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight, respectively. In conclusion, this study shows that the ethanolic P. cablin extract possesses in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activity without toxic effects.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-12-11T04:00:02Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20978387
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Toxicity and Antimicrobial Activities of Amaranthus caudatus L.
(Amaranthaceae) Harvested From Formulated Soils at Different Growth Stages
Authors: Muhali Olaide Jimoh, Anthony Jide Afolayan, Francis Bayo Lewu
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
This study examined the toxicity and antimicrobial effects of ethanol and aqueous extracts from Amaranthus caudatus grown on soils formulated from parent particles of silt, sand and clay in a glasshouse. Four different soils namely; sandy clay loam, loam, clayey loam and silty clay loam from were formulated were used for cultivation with the unfractionated soil which was the control. Crude extracts obtained from the plant shoots harvested at different growth stages were tested on some certain gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and some fungi via agar dilution assay. The toxicity of the water and ethanol extracts was also examined via Artemia salina assay and the level of lethality was measured against Clarkson’s lethality scale. All aqueous samples, as well as ethanol extracts of flowering and pre-flowering harvests of control soil tested, were non-toxic (LC50> 1 mg/mL). At post flowering, the ethanolic extracts were highly toxic mostly in clayey loam, control, sandy-clayey loam soils (LC50 < 0.5 mg/mL). Also, antifungal effects of the plant revealed that extracts inhibited the growth of Candida albicans significantly with mild effect on Candida glabrata, Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium aurantiogriseum suggesting that the plant is a promising pharmacological candidate in the treatment of candidiasis. For an optimal yield of non-toxic supplement for household consumption which may also serve as pharmacological precursors, clayey loam soil is recommended for cultivation and harvesting may occur at pre-flowering or flowering stage using ethanol and water as solvents of extraction.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-11-26T10:53:12Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20971578
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Dysfunction of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neurodegenerative Disease:
The Promise of Therapeutic Modulation With Prebiotics, Medicinal Herbs,
Probiotics, and Synbiotics
Authors: Christine Tara Peterson
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Recent data suggest gut microbiota dysbiosis as a contributing factor in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), and these pathologies may manifest via the microbiota-gut-brain-axis, which comprises bidirectional communication through neuroimmune, neuroendocrine, and direct neural pathways such as the vagus nerve. Preclinical and human clinical trial data reveal exciting potential for novel treatment targets and therapeutic modulation with prebiotics, medicinal herbs, probiotics, and synbiotics in health, aging, and neurodegeneration and are reviewed here. While greater insights and characterization of the microbiota-gut-brain axis have been revealed over the past decade, salient questions related to the pathology, pathogenesis and clinical treatment of the axis in the context of both health and neurodegenerative disease remain and are discussed in this review. Future directions such as additional well-controlled, large scale, longitudinal human clinical trials are urgently needed to further elucidate both mechanism and therapeutic opportunity in health, neurological disease, and disease subpopulations to ensure that the next decade ushers the dawn of targeted therapeutic modulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-10-23T05:11:55Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20957225
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Valerian Root in Treating Sleep Problems and Associated Disorders—A
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Noriko Shinjyo, Guy Waddell, Julia Green
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Sleep problems are widely prevalent and associated with various comorbidities including anxiety. Valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) is a popular herbal medicine used as a sleep aid, however the outcomes of previous clinical studies are inconsistent. This study was conducted to update and re-evaluate the available data in order to understand the reason behind the inconsistent outcomes and to provide a broader view of the use of valerian for associated disorders. PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library were searched to retrieve publications relevant to the effectiveness of valerian as a treatment of sleep problems and associated disorders. A total of 60 studies (n=6,894) were included in this review, and meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the effectiveness to improve subjective sleep quality (10 studies, n=1,065) and to reduce anxiety (8 studies, n=535). Results suggested that inconsistent outcomes were possibly due to the variable quality of herbal extracts and that more reliable effects could be expected from the whole root/rhizome. In addition, therapeutic benefits could be optimized when it was combined with appropriate herbal partners. There were no severe adverse events associated with valerian intake in subjects aged between 7 and 80 years. In conclusion, valerian could be a safe and effective herb to promote sleep and prevent associated disorders. However, due to the presence of multiple active constituents and relatively unstable nature of some of the active constituents, it may be necessary to revise the quality control processes, including standardization methods and shelf life.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-10-22T04:56:50Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20967323
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Older Adult Caregivers’ Experiences in an Online, Interactive
Mindfulness Intervention
Authors: Janella Hudson, Rachel Ungar, Laurie Albright, Rifky Tkatch, James Schaeffer, Ellen R. Wicker
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Background.While today’s older adults experience longevity, they often manage several chronic conditions and increasingly serve as informal caregivers for aging parents, children with life-long disabilities, and spouses. Older adult caregivers managing personal chronic illness often experience significant psychosocial hardships.Objective.The primary purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of older adult caregivers in an online, interactive mindfulness intervention.Methods.Self-reported older caregivers who participated in an online-based mindfulness program (n = 20) were recruited for semi-structured interviews. Participants were asked to provide feedback about any previous experience with mindfulness and/or meditation, hopes or goals held prior to the start of the program, desired expectations, motivation for joining, impressions of sessions, most beneficial topics, potential application of content, and any perceived effects. Participants’ responses were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.Results.Five themes emerged from the analysis: Managing the Comprehensive Effects of Caregiving, Openness to Meditation and Mindfulness, Course Engagement and Incremental Growth, Building Rapport through Shared Experiences, and Ongoing Application and Opportunities for Refinement. Participants reported both short-term post-exercise benefits such as increased calm, relaxation, and stress relief, as well as long-term positive outcomes. Notably, participants found the program’s unique interactive feature to be particularly beneficial as a form of perceived social support.Conclusions.Caregivers for older adults may derive benefit and potentially experience reduced subjective caregiver burden as a result of participating in a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program, particularly when the program is augmented with a self-compassion approach and perceived social support.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-10-14T06:04:52Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20960659
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Effect of Court-Type Thai Traditional Massage Versus Senokot Treatment on
Chronic Constipation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jurairat Boonruab, Phiyaphon Poonsuk, Watchara Damjuti
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Chronic constipation is the disturbances of intestinal motility which is a challenge in primary healthcare around the world. In this study, Court-type Thai traditional massage and Senokot, treatments were assessed and compared in terms of their efficacy in relieving constipation. Forty subjects diagnosed with constipation were recruited and randomized into the massage group and drug group. For 7 days, Thai traditional abdominal massage was provided regularly for the patients in the massage group, while the drug group was subjected to Senokot treatment only. The Bristol stool chart scale and demographics questionnaire were used as instruments. As a result, both court type Thai traditional massage and Senokot are effective in relieving constipation. However, although both treatment options can increase the frequency of defecations and the sensation of complete evacuation, the court type Thai traditional massage seems to be better since it leads to normal defecations rather than watery or entirely liquid defecations with no solid pieces (p < 0.05). This randomized controlled trial suggested that Thai traditional abdominal massage can be used as an optional public health treatment for constipation.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-09-30T04:35:08Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20960644
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Role of Yoga and Meditation as Complimentary Therapeutic Regime for
Stress-Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Utilization of Brain Waves
Activity as Novel Tool
Authors: Medha Kaushik, Akarshi Jain, Puneet Agarwal, Shiv Dutt Joshi, Suhel Parvez
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
During recent decades, stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, chronic tension headache, and migraine have established their stronghold in the lives of a vast number of people worldwide. In order to address this global phenomenon, intensive studies have been carried out leading to the advancement of drugs like anti-depressants, anxiolytics, and analgesics which although help in combating the symptoms of such disorders but also create long-term side effects. Thus, as an alternative to such clinical practices, various complementary therapies such as yoga and meditation have been proved to be effective in alleviating the causes and symptoms of different neuropsychiatric disorders. The role of altered brain waves in this context has been recognized and needs to be pursued at the highest level. Thus, the current study provides a review focused on describing the effects of yoga and meditation on anxiety and depression as well as exploring brain waves as a tool for assessing the potential of these complementary therapies for such disorders.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-09-28T12:13:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20949451
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Cytokines as Therapeutic
Mechanisms of Ocimum americanum L Extract in Carbon Tetrachloride and
Acetaminophen-Induced Toxicity in Rats
Authors: Afua Kobi Ampem Genfi, Christopher Larbie, Benjamin O. Emikpe, Ademola A. Oyagbemi, Caleb K. Firempong, Clement O. Adjei
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Liver diseases have now become a global canker due to increasing drug abuse and several viral infections. The current medicines on the market are woefully inadequate and limited in the application against these diseases. Fortunately, medicinal plants continue to serve as a potential source of drug discovery that could be explored to improve the situation. The present study, therefore, evaluated the hepatoprotective activities of the aqueous extract of various parts (leaves, flower and stem) of Ocimum americanum L on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)- and acetaminophen-induced toxicity in rats. The protective effect of the plant was assessed using biochemical parameters, histology, levels of liver antioxidants, and expression of some pro-inflammatory cytokines (NF-κβ and IL-1) in the liver. The leaves and stem extracts, orally administered for 7 days at 250 mg/kg, effectively prevented CCl4-induced elevation of serum biochemical parameters, prooxidants, as well as the expression of NFk-B and IL-1, which were comparable to Silymarin (standard drug). A comparative histopathological analyses of the liver exhibited virtually normal architecture compared with CCl4-treated group. The findings showed that the hepatoprotective effect of Ocimum americanum was probably due to the inhibition of oxidative stress and downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines by the effective parts of the medicinal plant.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-09-24T07:00:01Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20938002
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Evaluation of an Expert Guided Integrative Therapy Concept in Patients
With Breast or Gynecological Cancer During Systemic Therapy
Authors: Georg Schmidt, Sofia Mathes, Evelyn Klein, Marion Kiechle, Daniela Paepke
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Purpose.Breast and gynecological cancer patients undergoing systemic therapy frequently request integrative therapy concepts. The potential of integrative therapy (IM) lies in minimizing side effects of conventional cancer treatments and therefore decreasing treatment delays. IM can help to improve patients’ physical and emotional well-being, optimizing health and quality of life as IM involves patients in their own treatment. A counseling service for integrative medicine concepts as an outpatient program was implemented in our cancer center in 2013.Methods.In 2016 and 2017 144 breast and gynecological cancer patients were included into our specific IM program. The program comprises biological based complementary and alternative medicines (BB-CAM), a structured exercise therapy, manipulative and body-based practices, nutritional counseling, psycho-oncological and relaxing therapies. Therapists with additional specialization for IM, guide the treatment units. The program was evaluated via self-administered questionnaire.Results.78% of the participating patients noticed an improvement by using BB-CAMs. 86% stated to feel better through participation in the structured exercise program. 74% profited from nutritional counseling and 91% from manual therapy. 93% of the patients treated with body compresses considered the application as soothing. The Bio-Frequency Sound Color Bed led to a relaxation in 96%. Psychological therapy improved coping with the disease in 70% of the patients.Conclusion.Integrative oncology combines the best practices of conventional and complementary therapy, uniting them in a holistic concept. Data show that our integrative therapy concept is well accepted by the patients and that therapy- and disease-related side effects can be reduced.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-08-18T11:15:34Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20949444
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Evaluation of In Vivo Antidiabetic, In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibitory, and In
Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Leaves Crude Extract and Solvent Fractions
of Bersama abyssinica Fresen (Melianthaceae)
Authors: Zemene Demelash Kifle, Engidaw Fentahun Enyew
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Background.The leaves of Bersama abyssinica are used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in folk medicine system of Ethiopia. The present study was done based on the traditional claim of B abyssinica for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.Methods.The α-amylase inhibition and antioxidant activities of B abyssinica extracts were evaluated by using 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid method and diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay model, respectively. Blood glucose lowering activity of the extracts was studied in 4 animal models; normoglycemic, oral glucose loaded, and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice models.Results.Among the extracts, the crude extract showed the highest α-amylase enzyme inhibition activity with an IC50 of 6.57 μg/mL. The water fraction showed the strongest antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 3.43 μg/mL. The crude extract at doses of 200, and 400 mg/kg showed significant (P < .05) hypoglycemic activity in normoglycemic mice. All doses of the crude extract significantly (P < .05) reduced blood glucose levels of oral glucose-loaded mice. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice models, both the crude and solvent fractions showed a significant (P < .05) blood glucose lowering effect as compared with the negative control group post 8 hour treatment.Conclusion.The results demonstrated the beneficial biochemical effects of B abyssinica extract by inhibiting α-amylase and scavenging the free radicals. The crude extract and solvent fractions of B abyssinica had significant blood glucose lowering effect in all animal models.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-07-28T04:58:40Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20935827
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of the Aqueous and Methanolic Stem Bark
Extracts of Piliostigma thonningii (Schum.)
Authors: Gervason Moriasi, Anthony Ireri, Mathew Piero Ngugi
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Oxidative stress has been recognized as a key driver of many ailments affecting humankind. Free radicals attack biologically important biomolecules, impairing their functioning, thereby initiating and exacerbating diseases. As a comeback, antioxidant therapies have been proposed as novel approaches to ameliorating oxidative stress–associated diseases including chronic ones. Antioxidants are thought to employ multifaceted and multitargeted mechanisms that either restore oxidative homeostasis or prevent free radical buildup in the body, which overwhelm the endogenous defenses. Plants have been used for many ages across time to manage human diseases, and have a host of antioxidant phytocompounds. Piliostigma thonningii is traditionally used for the management of inflammation, malaria fever, rheumatism, and insanity, among other diseases caused by a disturbed redox state in the body. In this study, in vitro antioxidant activities of the methanolic and aqueous stem bark extracts of P. thonningii were evaluated using the in vitro antilipid peroxidation, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay methods. The obtained results revealed remarkable antioxidant activities of the studied plant extracts as evidenced by the low IC50 and EC50 values. These antioxidant activities could be due to the presence of antioxidant phytochemicals like flavonoids, carotenoids, tannins, and phenols, among others. Therefore, the therapeutic potency of this plant could be due to its antioxidant properties. This study recommends in vivo antioxidant efficacy testing of the studied plant extracts, as well as isolation and characterization of bioactive antioxidant compounds that are potent against oxidative stress.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-07-15T06:29:47Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20937988
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- The Feasibility and Efficacy of a Brief Integrative Treatment for Adults
With Depression and/or Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Adrian L. Lopresti, Stephen J. Smith, Alexandra P. Metse, Tiffany Foster, Peter D. Drummond
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and suitability of a brief integrative intervention, Personalized Integrative Therapy (PI Therapy), for the treatment of adult depression and/or anxiety. In this 6-week, 3-arm, parallel-group, randomized trial, PI Therapy delivered alone or with nutritional supplements (PI Therapy + Supps) was compared to cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in 48 adults with depression and/or anxiety. All treatments were delivered as a 1-day workshop plus 6 weeks of reminder phone text messages to reinforce topics and skills covered in the workshop. Affective symptoms decreased significantly and to the same extent in all 3 conditions. At the end of treatment, 33% to 58% of participants reported levels of depressive symptoms in the normal range, and 50% to 58% reported nonclinical levels of anxiety. Compared to CBT and PI Therapy, PI Therapy + Supps was associated with significantly greater improvements in sleep quality. These findings suggest that a brief integrative intervention with or without supplements was comparable to CBT in reducing affective symptoms in adults with depression and/or anxiety. However, sleep quality improved only in the PI Therapy + Supps condition. These findings will require replication with a larger cohort.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-07-08T11:03:31Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20937997
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Factors Associated With Medication Use Among Individuals Living With
Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Khrisha B. Alphonsus, Carl D’Arcy
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system causing neurological deterioration over time. The objective of this study was to examine the predictors associated with MS medication use. The categories that were investigated were various alternative treatments such as complementary/alternative medications (CAMs), rehabilitation therapy and psychotherapy services as well as comorbid health conditions. The Survey on Living with Neurological Conditions in Canada (SLNCC) 2011-2012 was used (N = 73 347) to carry out a logistic regression model. Individuals who did not take CAMs were more (OR = 5.44, 95% CI 1.37-9.29) likely to use medications for MS. Having a mood disorder was associated with greater use of MS medications (OR = 5.39, 95% CI 1.60-18.17) while back problems were associated with lower odds of medication use (OR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.15-0.98). These factors need to be taken into consideration when creating effective medication adherence interventions.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-07-03T10:52:45Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20936978
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- An Assay on the Possible Effect of Essential Oil Constituents on Receptors
Involved in Women’s Hormonal Health and Reproductive System Diseases
Authors: Amirhossein Sakhteman, Ardalan Pasdaran, Mehdi Afifi, Azadeh Hamedi
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Aromatic herbal remedies, hydrosols, and essential oils are widely used for women’s hormonal health. Scientific investigation of their major constituents may prevent unwanted infertility cases, fetal abnormalities, and drug-herb interactions. It also may lead to development of new medications. A list of 265 volatile molecules (mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes) were prepared from a literature survey in Scopus and PubMed (2000-2019) on hydrosols and essential oils that are used for women’s hormonal and reproductive health conditions. The PDB (protein data bank) files of the receptors (136 native PDB files) that involve with oxytocin, progesterone, estrogen, prolactin, acetyl choline, androgen, dopamine, human chorionic gonadotropin, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, aromatase, and HER2 receptors were downloaded from Protein Data Bank. An in silico study using AutoDock 4.2 and Vina in parallel mode was performed to investigate possible interactions of the ligands with the receptors. Drug likeliness was investigated for the most active molecules using DruLiTo software. Aristola-1(10),8-diene, bergapten (5-methoxypsoralen), α-bergamotene, bicyclogermacrene, α-bisabolol oxide A, α-bisabolone oxide, p-cymen-8-ol, 10-epi elemol, α-elemol, β-eudesmol, 7-epi-β-eudesmol, ficusin, β-humulene, methyl jasmonate, nerolidol, pinocarvone, (+)-spathulenol, and thujone had better interactions with some androgen, aromatase, estrogen, progesterone, HER2, AChR, and/or dopamine receptors. Most of these molecules had an acceptable drug likeliness except for α-bergamotene, bicyclogermacrene, β-humulene, and aristola-1(10),8-diene. Some volatile natural molecules can be considered as lead compound for drug development to treat hormonal conditions.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-06-22T05:47:16Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20932527
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Effects of Gene-Eden-VIR and Novirin on SARS-CoV: Implications for
COVID-19
Authors: Hanan Polansky, Gillad Lori
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
The coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19, is a betacoronavirus closely related to the human severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The recent COVID-19 outbreak created an urgent need for treatment. To expedite the development of such treatment, pharmaceutical companies and government agencies are currently testing several existing drugs for their effect on the virus. Gene-Eden-VIR and Novirin are natural, broad-spectrum, antiviral treatments proven to be safe and effective in several clinical studies. In this article, we present evidence indicating that the 5 Gene-Eden-VIR/Novirin ingredients have anti-betacoronavirus, and specifically, anti-SARS-CoV effects. We consider this evidence as a first indication of the anti-coronavirus effects of Gene-Eden-VIR/Novirin. Next, we are planning to conduct a clinical study with users of the treatments to test the effects of Gene-Eden-VIR/Novirin on individuals at risk and those infected with the virus.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-06-18T04:58:16Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20932523
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Laxative Activities of 80% Methanolic Extract of the Leaves of Grewia
ferruginea Hochst Ex A Rich in Mice
Authors: Mulusew Yemiru Tessema, Zewdu Birhanu Wubneh, Assefa Belay Asrie
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Background.There are numerous medicinal plants including the leaves of Grewia ferruginea used as traditional medicine for the treatment of constipation. This study was conducted to evaluate the laxative activity of the leaves of G ferruginea.Methods.The laxative activity of the leaves of G ferruginea was tested using 3 models: laxative activity, gastrointestinal motility, and gastrointestinal secretion tests. The effect of the plant extract on mean number of feces, fecal water content, ratio of intestinal distance traveled by the charcoal meal and intestinal fluid accumulation were evaluated and analyzed.Results.Significant increase was observed in the mean weight of wet fecal matter at 200 (1.00 ± 0.03 g, P < .05) and 400 mg/kg (1.01 ± 0.02 g, P < .01), relative to loperamide constipated negative control group. Similarly, percent fecal water content was significantly improved in extract treated groups at 100 mg/kg (52.10% ± 2.04%, P < .05), 200 mg/kg (54.02% ± 2.15%, P < .01), and 400 mg/kg (54.25% ± 2.50%, P < .01) compared with the negative control group. The gastroinestinal transit ratio was also significantly increased with 200 mg/kg (P < .01) and 400 mg/kg (P < .001) of the extract relative to the constipated negative control. The crude extract showed significant increase in intestinal fluid accumulation at 200 mg/kg (0.48 ± 0.07 g, P < .05) and 400 mg/kg (0.51 ± 0.08 g, P < .01) compared with the negative control.Conclusion.The results of the present study indicated that 80% methanol extract of the leaves of G ferruginea possessed significant laxative activity. As such, this study corroborates the traditional claim of using G ferruginea in the treatment of constipation.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-06-03T12:19:16Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20926922
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Investigation of the In Vitro Antioxidant Potential Of Polyphenolic-Rich
Extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam Stem Bark and Its Antidiabetic
Activity In Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye, Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo, Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye, Mary Abiola Okesola, Adeyonu Oluwatosin, Aline Augusti Boligon, Abidemi Paul Kappo
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam (Moraceae) stem bark has been used locally in managing diabetes mellitus with sparse scientific information. This study investigates the in vitro antioxidant potential of polyphenolic-rich extract of A heterophyllus stem bark as well as its antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Fifty male Wistar rats were used with the induction of diabetes by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg body weight) and were orally administered 400 mg/kg free and bound phenols of A heterophyllus stem bark. The animals were sacrificed on the 28th day of the experiment using the cervical dislocation method; antihyperglycemia and anti-inflammatory parameters were subsequently assessed. The polyphenolic extracts demonstrated antioxidant potentials (such as hydrogen peroxide and diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), as well as strong inhibitory activity against amylase and glucosidase. There was a significant (P < .05) increase in glycogen, insulin concentration, pancreatic β-cell scores (HOMA-β), antioxidant enzymes and hexokinase activities, as well as glucose transporter concentration in diabetic animals administered the extracts and metformin. Also, a significant (P < .05) reduction in fasting blood glucose, lipid peroxidation, glucose-6-phosphatase, and all anti-inflammatory parameters were observed in diabetic rats administered the extracts and metformin. The extracts demonstrated antidiabetic potential, which may be useful in the management of diabetes mellitus
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-05-19T04:36:47Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20916123
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Evaluation of Antimalarial Activity of Methanolic Root Extract of Myrica
salicifolia A Rich (Myricaceae) Against Plasmodium berghei–Infected Mice
Authors: Zemene Demelash Kifle, Getnet Mequanint Adinew, Mestayet Geta Mengistie, Abyot Endale Gurmu, Engidaw Fentahun Enyew, Bahiru Tenaw Goshu, Gedefaw Getenet Amare
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Background.The management and control of malaria has become gradually challenging due to the spread of drug-resistant parasites, lack of effective vaccine, and the resistance of vector to insecticides. Consequently, novel agents are urgently needed from different sources including from medicinal plants. In Ethiopia and Uganda, Myrica salicifolia root is traditionally claimed for the treatment of malaria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo antimalarial activity of root crude extract of M salicifolia.Methods.The parasite, Plasmodium berghei was used in this study since it is an appropriate parasite that is most commonly used because of its higher accessibility. A 4-day suppressive test was employed to evaluate the antimalarial effect of crude extract against early infection. The curative and prophylactic effect of the crude extract was further tested by Rane’s test and residual infection procedure. Parasitemia, survival time, packed cell volume, body weight, and rectal temperature of mice were used as evaluation parameters. Windows SPSS version 24 was used to analyze the data and analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s honestly significant difference to compare results between groups.Results.The root crude extract of M salicifolia significantly (P < .05-.0001) suppressed parasitemia. The crude extract exhibited a chemosuppression of 40.90.Conclusion.The development of new antimalarial agents and the finding supports the traditional claims and previous in vitro studies.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-04-23T08:31:09Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20920539
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Nutritional and Functional Properties of Wild Food-Medicine Plants From
the Coastal Region of South China
Authors: Yuan Xu, Dan Liang, Gang-Tao Wang, Jun Wen, Rui-Jiang Wang
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Food-medicine plants play an important role in providing nutrition and treating chronic diseases, especially in many minority communities and developing regions. The coastal region of South China has abundant resources of medicinal plants. A long history of cross-cultural medicinal practices among different minority groups has facilitated the development of a remarkable dietary culture by using food-medicine plants. However, integrative ethnobotanical research on both nutritional and functional properties of the food-medicine plants in this region is still limited. In this study, 27 commonly used wild food-medicine plants were recorded and analyzed from the coastal region of South China. Most of them are good sources for calcium (47.83-1099.89 mg/100 g fresh weight), dietary fiber (3.00-31.87 mg/100 g fresh weight), iron (1.17-24.73 mg/100 g fresh weight), and vitamin C (0.44-68.32 mg/100 g fresh weight). Solanum americanum has the highest average nutritive value and is also considered to be good sources for proteins (7.90 g/100 g fresh weight). Medicinal properties of the studied species can be classified into 8 categories: treatment of the damp-heat syndrome, digestive diseases, urologic diseases, arthropathy, respiratory diseases, gynecological diseases, snake or insect bites, and uses as a tonic. Treating the damp-heat syndrome or expelling warm pathogenic factors is the most commonly used ethnomedicinal practice in the study area. The present study highlights that the local ethnomedicinal practices are deeply influenced by local natural conditions and customs. Food-medicine plants with superior key nutrients have been used regularly in the diet as medicinal food to alleviate common endemic diseases.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-04-16T09:55:03Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X20913267
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- WITHDRAWAL – Administrative Duplicate Publication: Complementary
Therapies as a Strategy to Reduce Stress and Stimulate Immunity of Women
With Breast Cancer
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-02-03T11:57:28Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X19889145
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
- Toxicity and Activity of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Paullinia pinnata Linn
(Sapindaceae) in Shigella flexneri–Induced Diarrhea in Wistar Rats
Authors: Maximilienne Ascension Nyegue, Alian Désiré Afagnigni, Youchahou Njankouo Ndam, Steve Valdi Djova, Marie Christine Fonkoua, François-Xavier Etoa
Abstract: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Volume 25, Issue , January-December 2020.
Herbal products from Paullinia pinnata Linn are widely used in African folk medicine to treat several infectious diseases. Although the extracts from this plant has been shown to possess antimicrobial potential, their activity in infectious diarrhea is less reported. Diarrhea was induced by oral administration of 1.2 × 109 CFU/mL of Shigella flexneri to the rats. The infected rats were treated for 5 days with the doses of 111.42, 222.84, and 445.68 mg/kg of P pinnata. The level of biochemical parameters was assessed and histology of organs examined by 14 days subacute toxicity. S flexneri stool load was considerably reduced after 4 days of treatment with the dose of 445.68 mg/kg, 5 days at the dose of 222.84 mg/kg for the extract, and 2 days with ciprofloxacin. The dose of 111.42 mg/kg appeared efficient after 5 days of treatment. The creatinine level increased at the dose of 445.68 mg/kg in both male and female rats and decrease at the dose of 222.84 mg/mL in female rats while an increase was noted in the male rats. Liver and kidney histology were modified at the dose of 445.68 mg/kg while no change was observed at the doses of 111.42 and 222.84 mg/kg. P pinnata leaf extract is efficient against infectious diarrhea at 111.42 mg/kg without side effect.
Citation: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
PubDate: 2020-01-01T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1177/2515690X19900883
Issue No: Vol. 25 (2020)
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