 Subjects -> DISABILITY (Total: 100 journals)
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- The value of human engagement
- Authors: Fintan Sheerin
Pages: 431 - 432
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Volume 24, Issue 4, Page 431-432, December 2020.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-10-08T11:11:42Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520954686
Issue No: Vol. 24, No. 4 (2020)
- Evaluation of the Special Olympics Team Wellness health promotion program
for individuals with intellectual disabilities- Authors: Kathleen McCarty, Alicia Dixon-Ibarra, Megan MacDonald
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Introduction:Individuals with intellectual disabilities are a known health disparities group. The Team Wellness (TW) health promotion program was developed to provide healthy lifestyle information to target this population. The purpose of this study was to conduct a qualitative program evaluation on Team Wellness.Methods:Interviews were conducted via one-on-one format with program coaches (n = 4, mean age = 25, female = 2, male = 2) and focus group with program athletes (n = 6, mean age = 45, female = 4, male = 2) who completed the TW program.Results:Themes that emerged included: (1) Program Perceptions; (2) TW Support; and (3) Program Feedback. Program perceptions were positive and continued athlete participation was anticipated. Coaches felt prepared to facilitate based on previous experience though program fidelity varied.Conclusion:Study participants enjoyed TW and identified valuable recommendations. Program fidelity and marketing efforts are important for future consideration. Further quantitative assessment is needed to determine the effectiveness the program.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-10-07T10:22:44Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520957445
- The effectiveness of a multisensory traditional storytelling programme on
target vocabulary development in children with disabilities accessing
English as a second language: A preliminary study- Authors: Shyamani Hettiarachchi, Dilini C Walisundara, Mahishi Ranaweera
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
The current deliberations on increasing access to English and the democratization of English in post-war Sri Lanka must extend to students with disabilities. Research evidence from speech and language therapy promotes the use of multi-sensory stimuli to advance the development of communication and language skills in children with intellectual disabilities. In this preliminary study, 3 local children’s stories, together with relevant story-making activities, were offered to 7 children with intellectual disabilities in one special school across 12 lessons. Vocabulary measures of word naming of target vocabulary were undertaken pre- and post-intervention using picture-based tasks presented via PowerPoint. A positive difference was found post-intervention on the target vocabulary naming test. The findings of this small preliminary study should be interpreted with caution. However, the findings are suggestive of the potential benefit of using culturally relevant familiar local traditional stories with a range of multi-sensory stimuli and storytelling activities to aid learning of new vocabulary in children with disabilities accessing English as an additional language. Further research using a large sample together with a control group will be required to substantiate the positive trend of vocabulary gains observed within this preliminary study.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-10-01T11:06:45Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520961605
- External sources promoting resilience in adults with intellectual
disabilities: A systematic literature review- Authors: Femke Scheffers, Xavier Moonen, Eveline van Vugt
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Background:Persons with an intellectual disability are at increased risk of experiencing adversities. The current study aims at providing an overview of the research on how resilience in adults with intellectual disabilities, in the face of adversity, is supported by sources in their social network.Method:A literature review was conducted in the databases Psycinfo and Web of Science. To evaluate the quality of the included studies, the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used.Results:The themes: “positive emotions,” “network acceptance,” “sense of coherence” and “network support,” were identified as sources of resilience in the social network of the adults with intellectual disabilities.Conclusion:The current review showed that research addressing sources of resilience among persons with intellectual disabilities is scarce. In this first overview, four sources of resilience in the social network of people with intellectual disabilities were identified that interact and possibly strengthen each other.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-09-28T11:11:38Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520961942
- Beliefs about sensitive parenting among mothers of children with
disabilities- Authors: Leonor Matoso, Rita Baião, Joana Baptista
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
The relevance of the quality of parent-child interactions for child development has long been established. Nevertheless, research on beliefs about maternal sensitivity is still scarce, to an even greater extent in the context of child disability. This inquiry aimed to describe beliefs about sensitive parenting among mothers of children with developmental disabilities and to examine how those beliefs relate to sociodemographic factors and perceived stress. Participants included 40 mothers with a child up to 7 years of age with a developmental disability. Mothers reported on sociodemographic factors and daily hassles and sorted an adapted version of the Maternal Behavior Q-Sort. Results revealed a strong convergence between maternal beliefs about the ideal mother and the attachment theory’s concept of sensitivity. Daily hassles predicted beliefs about the ideal mother. These results underline the importance of implementing interventions in the context of child disability aimed at reducing parental stress.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-09-28T11:10:29Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520961939
- ‘You are Okay’: Effects of a support and educational program for
children with mild intellectual disability and their parents with mental
health concerns- Authors: Ivon Riemersma, F Van Santvoort, KTM Van Doesum, CMH Hosman, JMAM Janssens, RAP Van der Zanden, R Otten
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Background:Children with mild intellectual disabilities and emotional and behavioural problems whose parents have mental health concerns are at an increased risk of developing problems themselves. This study analysed the effectiveness of the ‘You are Okay’-program aimed to support these children and parents and to reduce the risk of problem development in children.Method:A quasi-experimental design was used to compare the experimental group (‘care as usual’ and ‘You are Okay’) with the control group (‘care as usual’) on the main outcome of emotional and behavioural problems and proposed intermediate outcomes.Results:Children in the experimental group reported a significant medium to large decrease in emotional and behavioural problems compared to the control group. The effects on the intermediate outcomes were non-significant.Conclusions:This specific study population comprising a vulnerable group of children seems to benefit from this specially adapted ‘You are Okay’-program. More research is necessary to draw further conclusions.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-09-10T02:55:56Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520953765
- Exploring how the diagnostic process stratifies children with intellectual
disability navigating the service system in Ontario, Canada- Authors: Anna Don, Patrick O’Byrne
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Children with intellectual disability experience a higher prevalence of dental disease, obesity, challenging behaviours, and mental health disorders compared to children without intellectual disability. Children with intellectual disability concurrently face health and social service navigational barriers that are associated with unresolved health needs and hospital admissions, and parent burnout and employment interruptions. In this study, we explored the knowledge gap of how carers and governmental agencies, providing services, understand intellectual disability using discourse analysis, and a theoretical framework applying Deleuze and Guattari’s concepts of the rhizome and stratification. We found that children with intellectual disability were stratified into eligible or ineligible service recipients through the diagnostic process that prioritized specified characteristics. Carers did not perceive that their children’s unique characteristics and needs were accounted for within the diagnostic process and expressed feelings of being dismissed by clinicians and providers in decision-making about priority needs and services.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-09-10T01:37:31Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520954765
- Peripheral bone density measurement: An interdisciplinary initiative for
improving health outcomes for people with learning disabilities- Authors: Niamh Walsh, Owen Barr, Deirdre Lang, Melissa Currid, Carmel Hoey
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Challenges exist in respect of people with intellectual disabilities who, with the increasing life expectancy, have a growing risk of age-related degenerative conditions. Changes in bone health are associated with increasing age and the bone health of people who have intellectual disabilities is well documented in the literature as being poor in comparison to the general population. A heel scan clinic was set up in an intellectual disability service as a service improvement initiative. There were 12 females and 17 males scanned using a heel scanner. Only 3 (10.3%) people with intellectual disabilities were in the normal bone mineral density (BMD) range. Peripheral BMD screening for people has been shown to provide important information about the bone health of people with intellectual disabilities which has prompted further treatment by general practitioners and has the potential to provide an accessible way to obtain information on the bone health of people with intellectual disabilities.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-08-20T11:55:56Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520950136
- The importance of supportive relationships with general practitioners,
hospitals and pharmacists for mothers who ‘give medicines’ to children
with severe and profound intellectual disabilities- Authors: Carmel Doyle
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
A purposeful sample of 15 mothers of children with severe and profound intellectual disabilities participated in this hermeneutic phenomenological study through interviews and completion of a diary. The aim of the study was to explore mothers’ lived experience of ‘giving medicines’ to children with severe and profound intellectual disabilities. Findings yielded multiple themes, one of which gave insight into the importance of supportive relationships with health professionals. The general practitioner (GP), hospital and pharmacist are key in providing supportive elements to mothers’ daily role. Having the support of a helpful GP was key in helping mothers cope on a daily basis for child related queries on illness, getting prescriptions or seeking advice. Accessibility to the hospital and avoiding the emergency department with their child was recommended. The pharmacist was central to the daily activities relating to ‘giving medicines’ and a good relationship resulted in a happier mother.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-08-20T11:55:27Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520951003
- Cognitive behavioral therapy in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A case study of
two young adults with an anxiety disorder- Authors: Petra CM Buijs, Anne S Bassett, David A Gold, Erik Boot
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Background:The prevalence of anxiety disorders is high in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), an under-recognized multisystem condition. Prominent features include an array of somatic, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric disorders. This case study reports for the first time on the application of individual cognitive behavioral therapy in 22q11.2DS.Method:Two young adults with 22q11.2DS and an anxiety disorder received cognitive behavioral therapy based on standard protocols. Feasibility and efficacy were assessed through clinical interviews, clinical observations by the therapist, and questionnaires.Results:Both participants were engaged in the therapy and showed understanding of basic cognitive behavioral therapy principles. However, they did not show a clear clinical improvement. Adjustments to the protocol were required, including increased flexibility and a proactive approach by the therapist, additional time per session, written information, and significant involvement of the family and multidisciplinary team.Conclusions:Our findings may help identify required adaptations to cognitive behavioral therapy protocols for this and similar genetic conditions.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-08-10T10:30:20Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520942374
- Patient-oriented research: A qualitative study of research involvement of
parents of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities- Authors: Emma Vanderlee, Megan Aston, Karen Turner, Patrick McGrath, Lucyna Lach
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Patient-oriented research engages patients and caregivers as partners contributing to all phases of the research process. This was the goal of the Strongest Families Institute Neurodevelopmental research, in Halifax, Nova Scotia, when they included a parent advisory committee, made up of parents and caregivers of children and adolescents with a neurodevelopmental condition, to complete their research project. The purpose of this qualitative research was to examine the experiences of researchers and parents of children with a neurodevelopmental condition who participated on a research study advisory committee for the Strongest Families Neurodevelopment research project. From interviews with both parents/caregivers and researchers that played a role on the advisory committee, four major themes emerged on how to negotiate and navigate their time on the committee and what worked well and what did not. This led to recommendations for future researchers and patients who may create or be a part of an advisory committee.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-07-30T11:06:19Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520942015
- Students with mild intellectual disability engaging in proportions word
problems- Authors: Casey Hord, Kathleen Koenig, Janet Mannheimer Zydney, Anna F DeJarnette, Daniel P Gibboney, Leah A McMillan
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
The researchers conducted a qualitative case study to describe the experiences of two seventh grade students with mild intellectual disability as they engaged in mathematics word problems involving proportions. The researchers analyzed student performance in large group settings and with individualized instruction to gain perspective on the students’ tendencies with challenging mathematics content. During the teaching sessions in this study, one of the participants initially struggled with the proportions word problems, but demonstrated success after teachers connected new information in the tasks to students’ long-term memory and utilized gestures and diagrams to facilitate the students’ processing of information. Another participant succeeded more easily with proportions word problems which, along with the success of the other participant, provides support that students with a mild intellectual disability can succeed with challenging topics, such as proportions word problems.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-07-21T11:28:54Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520937834
- Predictors of access to healthcare professionals for people with
intellectual disability in Ireland- Authors: Anne Doyle, Michael O’Sullivan, Sarah Craig, Roy McConkey
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
The Irish National Intellectual Disability Database is updated annually and in 2017 contained records for nearly 22,000 persons aged 15 years and over. Information was extracted on the contacts each person had with one of eight health professionals in the years 2007, 2012 and 2017. Over these years, there was an increase in the number of people in contact with any professional or with four and more professionals. Nevertheless, the people less likely to have contact were those with milder forms of intellectual disability, persons living with family carers or independently and those linked to smaller provider agencies. By contrast, the odds of people with more severe disability in residential settings were up to eight times greater for having contact with four or more different professionals. As demand for healthcare grows due to increased longevity and service models shift to the community, redeployment of existing professional resources will be needed along with a review of the skill mix.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-07-21T11:28:24Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520937835
- Compassion-focused therapy groups for people with intellectual
disabilities: An extended pilot study- Authors: Elisabeth Jane Goad, Kayleigh Parker
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
People with intellectual disabilities who experience mental health difficulties often have high levels of self-criticism and shame. Compassion-focused therapy is a therapeutic modality effective in working with such feelings. This article follows on from a previous compassion-focused therapy group study exploring the impact of two compassion-focused therapy-based groups on how participants felt about themselves. Utilizing a mixed method design, the study illustrated that participants experienced higher levels of compassion and, overall, saw themselves more favourably by the end of the groups. They were also able to understand the basic concepts of compassion-focused therapy which reinforced previous study findings, suggesting that it is adaptable and clinically useful for people with intellectual disabilities.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-07-01T10:48:25Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520925953
- Factors that potentially influence successful weight loss for adults with
intellectual disabilities: A qualitative comparison- Authors: Laura J Skelly, Philomena P Smyth, Mark P Donnelly, Julian C Leslie, Geraldine Leader, Liz Simpson, Claire McDowell
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Background:People with intellectual disabilities are more at risk of obesity than the general population. Emerging literature indicates that multicomponent interventions are most effective, however, individual results are variable and little research exists as to why this is the case.Methods:Focus groups were conducted to explore lived experiences between two groups of adults with intellectual disabilities; an overweight group (n = 6) and a group identified as successful in losing weight (n = 6). Similarities and differences were explored across four domains. Transcripts were produced and analysed using Theoretical Thematic Analysis.Results:Similarities included service centre supports, basic food knowledge and issues restricting independence. The successful weight loss group had also internalised health messages, engaged with external reinforcement programmes, responded to positive feedback and demonstrated healthier dietary habits.Conclusion:Weight management interventions would benefit from understanding the influence that internalisation of health messages, effective reinforcement systems and positive feedback can have on supporting the adoption of healthier habits.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-06-24T11:14:01Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520931681
- From stigma to acceptance: Intellectual and developmental disabilities in
Central China- Authors: Dennis Feaster, Aaron Franzen
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Children with intellectual and developmental disabilities have historically been at high risk for social exclusion and other vulnerabilities. The Western world has shifted away from institutionally-based services and toward community-based services that allow for greater social inclusion as well as for meeting individual developmental needs, and China is beginning the process of exploring how to make this shift. In 2014 and 2015, a situation analysis examining the lived experiences of parents of children with disabilities in Zhengzhou, Henan, China, was undertaken. Perceptions of strengths, needs, opportunities, and barriers experienced by parents of children in intact families (i.e. families where children with disabilities remain in their birth families) were explored by means of parent interviews and focus groups. Families identify experiences of stigma and acceptance related to traditional and alternative social constructions of intellectual and developmental disabilities, and how they use social networks and information-sharing to help develop community-based services.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-05-19T10:58:42Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520923264
- Maximising engagement and participation of intellectual disability staff
in research: Insights from conducting a UK-wide survey- Authors: Claire Kar Kei Lam, Jane Bernal, Janet Finlayson, Stuart Todd, Laurence Taggart, Annette Boaz, Irene Tuffrey-Wijne
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Aim:This article explores ways of maximising engagement of intellectual disability staff as research participants, research advisers and research implementers.Method:The authors describe and reflect on a three-phased strategy in recruiting front-line staff (n = 690) working for intellectual disability service providers (n = 25) to participate in a UK-wide anonymous online survey about death, dying and bereavement.Results:Important elements in engaging participants were: involving stakeholders at all stages of the research process, which includes: building relationships with participating organisations; enlisting organisational management support at all levels; an attractive and well laid-out collection tool; a well-structured recruitment strategy; time and flexibility; and a varied and targeted dissemination strategy. However, the recruitment method had limitations, in particular around representativeness, bias and generalisability.Conclusions:Staff in intellectual disability services can be enthusiastic and invaluable research participants. Active engagement between researchers, participating organisations and stakeholder groups is key to ensuring involvement of intellectual disability staff with research.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-05-12T10:53:26Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520924141
- Valuing relationships: The impact of a sensory program on the interactions
of adolescents with severe-to-profound intellectual disabilities- Authors: Lauren Emily Yuile, Andy Smidt, Sinead Quinlan
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Background:People with severe-to-profound intellectual disabilities often lack meaningful interactions with others. Communication partners need to be skilled in identifying and responding to often-subtle behaviours. One method of facilitating interaction is the use of sensory-based stimuli.Method:This study measured the impact of sensory-based stimuli paired with behaviour chain interruptions for three participants in an alternating treatment design using a novel intervention, SensEngage. Measurements included behaviours previously identified as indicating person engagement, self-engagement, happiness as well as participants’ use of potential communicative acts (PCAs).Results:The results showed increased person engagement and happiness in the SensEngage condition compared to the non-sensory condition for all three participants. An increased use of PCAs and decrease in self-engagement were observed for two participants.Conclusions:SensEngage appears to positively impact person engagement, happiness, PCAs and self-engagement for people with severe-to-profound intellectual disabilities.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-05-08T10:38:56Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520921730
- Feeling safe, avoiding harm: Safety priorities of children and young
people with disability and high support needs- Authors: Sally Robinson, Anne Graham
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
This study explored what helped and constrained children and young people with disability and high support needs, in feeling and being safe in institutional settings. Through adapted qualitative methods, 22 children and young people aged 7–25 years shared their conceptualizations of safety, along with facilitators and barriers to interpersonal safety in their everyday lives. Key themes were feeling safe and known in relationships, minimizing risk, having strategies and the opportunity to practice these, opportunities to learn about safety and supported transitions. The living patterns and environments of children and young people were different to their non-disabled peers, and they faced systemic barriers to activating safety strategies. Building meaningful prevention strategies for children and young people with disability requires specific skill in design and implementation. Without focused attention to their specific circumstances, measures promoting child safety may overlook the experiences of children and young people with intellectual disability.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-04-24T10:33:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520917496
- Trauma-informed care in the context of intellectual and developmental
disability services: Perceptions of service providers- Authors: Amanda J Rich, Nikki DiGregorio, Carla Strassle
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Traumatic life events have pervasive impacts on health and well-being. A growing body of literature shows that people with intellectual and developmental disabilities are disproportionately impacted by trauma. Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a philosophy of service provision that is committed to preventing traumatization and re-traumatization and promoting healing. This study explores the perceptions of 130 leaders in the field of intellectual and developmental disabilities services on the adoption and practice of TIC through the analysis of quantitative data. Results indicated a disconnect between the level of TIC integration and perceptions detailing how well organizations are currently performing in aspects of TIC. Barriers to TIC included high staff turnover, lack of accessible mental health providers, lack of affordable training, stigma, and restrictive funding structures. Implications and recommendations for service organizations and educators are provided.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-04-22T11:56:02Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520918086
- An evaluation of outcomes for service users with an intellectual
disability admitted to an assessment and treatment unit- Authors: Bronwen Davies, Scarlett Josham, Nicky Francis
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
This service evaluation comprised pre- and post measures with service users and their carers on admission to and discharge from an assessment and treatment (A&T) unit. The Behaviour Problems Inventory (BPI), Psychiatric Assessment Scale for Adults with Developmental Disabilities Checklist–Revised (PASSAD) and World Health Organisations Quality of Life Scale (WHO-QOL 8; adapted for people with intellectual disabilities) were used to evaluate outcomes of their admission to the unit. Significant improvements were found after admission in relation to behaviour that challenges (measured by the BPI), mental health symptoms (measured by the PASSAD) and quality of life (measured by the WHO-QOL). The importance of completing outcome measures as feedback for the service user, team and wider service managers are discussed, but also in this political context when the role of A&T units are being questioned, the importance of showing good practice and clinical outcomes for individuals.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-04-22T11:55:02Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520917501
- Intensive computer-based phonics training in the educational setting of
children with Down syndrome: An explorative study- Authors: C Nakeva von Mentzer, N Kalnak, M Jennische
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Children with Down syndrome (DS) using intensive computer-based phonics (GraphoGame, GG) were studied. The children’s independence and improvement in phonological processing, letter knowledge, word decoding, and reading strategies were investigated. Seventeen children (5–16 years) with DS participated in a crossover design through 8 weeks (one period), with three test sessions separated by 4 weeks. Children were randomly assigned to GG intervention or regular schooling (RS). All children completed one period and eight children completed two periods. A majority gradually became independent in managing GG. At the group level, very little benefit was found from working with GG. At the individual level, several children with mild to severe intellectual disabilities showed increased decoding of trained words. After one period of GG and RS, an increase in alphabetically decoded words was found. The finding suggests that when individual challenges are considered, computer-based phonics may be beneficial for children with DS in their educational setting.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-04-07T10:46:16Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520911297
- Enhanced participation or just another activity' The social shaping of
iPad use for youths with intellectual disabilities- Authors: Charlotta Isaksson, Elisabet Björquist
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
The use of smartphones and tablet devices in activities is believed to have great potential for enhancing the participation of people with intellectual disabilities. However, these technologies, in themselves, do not contribute to participation. What matters is how they are used. Employing the concept of domestication and insights gained from interviews with staff, this article examines conditions for the enhanced participation of youths with intellectual disability and how tablet devices are being integrated into social care settings, in particular.The findings reveal two approaches to tablet integration. In one approach, tablet use is an organized practice focused on technology acquisition, skills improvement and entertainment. In the other, it is integrated into existing practices as an aid to interpersonal communication. The organized digital activities create conditions for the youths to participate like non-disabled peers. The greatest potential for enabling participation with each other is when the youths themselves initiate the use of tablets.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-03-25T10:32:18Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520911311
- Aripiprazole in youth with intellectual disabilities: A retrospective
chart study- Authors: Eva Enneke Reurts, Pieter W Troost, Mariken Dinnissen, Sam Reijnen, Pieter J Hoekstra, Arne Popma
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
A retrospective chart study of patients on open-label aripiprazole treatment was conducted in the Netherlands to add to the knowledge of aripiprazole in children and young adults with mild and borderline intellectual disabilities (IDs). Fifty-three youths, mean age 14.7 ± 3.4 years and mean IQ 64.5 ±13.8, were included. Treatment responders were defined as “much improved” or “very much improved” based on the Clinical Global Impression -Improvement scale. For 83% of the patients, disruptive behavior was the main target symptom. The overall response rate was 30% after 1–4 weeks and 69% after 5–8 weeks. The 5–8 weeks responders showed a response rate of 64% at 22–26 weeks. Mild adverse events were observed in 53% of the patients of which fatigue and weight gain were the most common. Seven patients (13.2%) discontinued because of adverse events. In 53 children and young adults with mild and borderline IDs, aripiprazole was effective in both the short and the long term. No serious adverse events were observed.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-03-17T12:55:00Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520905175
- The importance of dignity and choice for people assessed as having
intellectual disabilities- Authors: Savra Anne Frounfelker, Anne Bartone
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Individuals assessed as having an intellectual disability often spend a significant amount of time in day treatment/day habilitation programs after they graduate from school. The quality of these programs varies widely and is not federally legislated. The purpose of the current study is both to explore factors that lead to higher satisfaction for participants in these programs and to better understand what participants want in a program. Using a grounded theory approach, researchers interviewed 25 participants, staff, and family members in focus group settings to collect qualitative data. Interviews focused on what worked and what could be improved at a program located in Western New York. Using the constant comparative method, themes emerged from the data that pointed to the importance of dignity and choice in a day program to facilitate empowerment, higher levels of satisfaction and self-confidence.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-03-13T01:02:27Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520905204
- Family experiences of personalised accommodation and support for people
with intellectual disability- Authors: Edurne Garcia Iriarte, Roy McConkey, Dovile Vilda
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Previous studies suggest that family members of people with intellectual disabilities prefer them to move to supervised living arrangements such as group homes. In Ireland, personalised arrangements are emerging, but families have had little exposure to this option. In this qualitative study, we explored the perspectives of family members following their relative’s move to personalised support options, mostly from group homes. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2011 with a family member of 17 people who had previously moved, with follow-up interviews held with 12 of them up to 18 months later. Thematic analysis on interview transcripts was conducted by three researchers. The family members spoke favourably of the new arrangements. A core theme of enabled independence emerged with subthemes of greater self-reliance in personal care, increased confidence, more social inclusion and gains for relatives. Reservations focussed on the need for more support hours, managing risk and loneliness.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-02-17T01:26:28Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520905207
- An evaluation of the implementation of Safewards on an assessment and
treatment unit for people with an intellectual disability- Authors: Bronwen Davies, Jade Silver, Scarlett Josham, Emma Grist, Lewis Jones, Nicky Francis, Cerys Truelove, Matthew Shindler, Sian Jones, Alice Gwatkin
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
This study evaluates the implementation of Safewards on an assessment and treatment unit (ATU) for people with an intellectual disability. There are no previous studies evaluating this model in this context and previous research has focused largely on acute mental health services. The ‘Patient–Staff Conflict Shift Report’ was used at baseline for 1 month and 1 year later, after all the interventions had been implemented, to evaluate the impact of Safewards. Significant reductions were found in conflict and containment measures used within the service after the implementation of Safewards. Staff who led on the interventions were also asked to give feedback on their experiences, the challenges they faced and how they would like to move forward. Safewards was generally seen as a positive approach by the team. Limitations of this study are highlighted and suggestions for future research are made.
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-02-12T04:32:52Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520901637
- Age-related changes in behavioural and emotional problems in
Smith–Magenis syndrome measured with the Developmental Behavior
Checklist- Authors: Heidi Elisabeth Nag, Terje Nærland
Abstract: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, Ahead of Print.
Smith–Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a genetic syndrome most often caused by a deletion on chromosome 17 or more rarely by a mutation in the retinoic acid-induced 1 gene. The aim of this study was to investigate the Developmental Behavior Checklist (DBC) profile of persons with SMS and the associations between behavioural and emotional problems, age, gender, adaptive behaviour and autism symptomatology. Twenty-eight persons with SMS were represented by their parents in this study. DBC Total scores are reduced with age, but they still show a mean that is clearly above the cut-off of 46. The differences between the age groups
Citation: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
PubDate: 2020-01-27T07:11:31Z
DOI: 10.1177/1744629519901056
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Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
