 Subjects -> INSTRUMENTS (Total: 62 journals)
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- Using near-surface atmospheric measurements as a proxy for quantifying
field-scale soil gas flux
Abstract: Using near-surface atmospheric measurements as a proxy for quantifying field-scale soil gas flux
Andrew Barkwith, Stan E. Beaubien, Thomas Barlow, Karen Kirk, Thomas R. Lister, Maria C. Tartarello, and Helen Taylor
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2020-8,2020
Preprint under review for GI (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Soil gas flux describes the movement of various gases either to or from the ground. The ability to efficiently detect changes in soil gas flux has the potential to better understand and detect leakage from Under Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) schemes, diffuse degassing in volcanic and geothermal areas and greenhouse-gas emissions. Traditional chamber-based techniques may require weeks of fieldwork to to assess a site. We present a new method to speed up assessment of diffuse leakage.
PubDate: 2020-04-14T22:29:59+02:00
- Evaluating the suitability of the consumer low-cost Parrot Flower Power
soil moisture sensor for scientific environmental applications
Abstract: Evaluating the suitability of the consumer low-cost Parrot Flower Power soil moisture sensor for scientific environmental applications
Angelika Xaver, Luca Zappa, Gerhard Rab, Isabella Pfeil, Mariette Vreugdenhil, Drew Hemment, and Wouter Arnoud Dorigo
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 9, 117–139, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-9-117-2020, 2020
Soil moisture plays a key role in the hydrological cycle and the climate system. Although soil moisture can be observed by the means of satellites, ground observations are still crucial for evaluating and improving these satellite products. In this study, we investigate the performance of a consumer low-cost soil moisture sensor in the lab and in the field. We demonstrate that this sensor can be used for scientific applications, for example to create a dataset valuable for satellite validation.
PubDate: 2020-04-06T22:29:59+02:00
- On the validation of K-index values at Italian geomagnetic observatories
Abstract: On the validation of K-index values at Italian geomagnetic observatories
Mauro Regi, Paolo Bagiacchi, Domenico Di Mauro, Stefania Lepidi, and Lili Cafarella
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 9, 105–115, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-9-105-2020, 2020
The K index, characterizing local geomagnetic activity, is generally automatically calculated by algorithms such as KASM, one of the four software programs recommended by INTERMAGNET. KASM requires an appropriate L9 value. We analyze K values for Italian observatories and compare them with historical German observatories to establish the best L9 estimation for our stations. A comparison with results from a previous empirical method shows the consistency and reliability of our outcome.
PubDate: 2020-04-03T22:29:59+02:00
- Research and Application of an Inner Thrust Measurement System for Rock
and Soil Masses based On OFDR
Abstract: Research and Application of an Inner Thrust Measurement System for Rock and Soil Masses based On OFDR
Yimin Liu, Chenghu Wang, Pu Wang, and Hao Zhou
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2020-6,2020
Preprint under review for GI (discussion: open, 0 comments)
This paper presents a quasi-distributed thrust measurement system based on an optical frequency domain reflectometer (OFDR). This OFDR sensing system achieved a spatial resolution of 20 cm using a 500 m test fiber (the resolution of an OTDR sensing system is generally approximately 1 m), the maximum measurement pressure can reach 1.059 MPa and the maximum relative error is 8.9 %. This system has good engineering application prospects in the safety monitoring field.
PubDate: 2020-03-26T22:29:59+01:00
- Design and applications of drilling trajectory measurement instrumentation
in an ultra-deep borehole based on a fiber-optic gyro
Abstract: Design and applications of drilling trajectory measurement instrumentation in an ultra-deep borehole based on a fiber-optic gyro
Yimin Liu, Chenghu Wang, Guangqiang Luo, and Weifeng Ji
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 9, 79–104, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-9-79-2020, 2020
This paper developed a drilling trajectory measuring instrumentation (DTMI) based on the interference fiber-optic gyro (FOG), which can work continuously, for 4 h, in an environment where the ambient temperature does not exceed 270 °C and the pressure does not exceed 120 MPa in an ultra-deep borehole. The DTMI has the characteristic of anti-electromagnetic interference; therefore，this DTMI has great potential in the promotion and development of geological drilling technology.
PubDate: 2020-03-19T22:29:59+01:00
- A comprehensive data quality evaluation method for the currents of marine
controlled-source electromagnetic transmitters based on the analytic
hierarchy process
Abstract: A comprehensive data quality evaluation method for the currents of marine controlled-source electromagnetic transmitters based on the analytic hierarchy process
Rui Yang, Meng Wang, Gongxiang Wang, Ming Deng, Jianen Jing, and Xiancheng Li
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 9, 69–77, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-9-69-2020, 2020
An electromagnetic transmitter sends an electromagnetic wave to the seabed; the receiver located on the seafloor receives the electromagnetic wave which carries the information of the geosphere. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed to improve the current quality of marine electromagnetic transmitters. It has an anomaly detection function for the unstable part of the transmitting current. Our results show that the instability of transmitting-current data can cause obvious anomalies.
PubDate: 2020-03-18T22:29:59+01:00
- An autonomous low-power instrument platform for monitoring water and solid
discharges in mesoscale rivers
Abstract: An autonomous low-power instrument platform for monitoring water and solid discharges in mesoscale rivers
Guillaume Nord, Yoann Michielin, Romain Biron, Michel Esteves, Guilhem Freche, Thomas Geay, Alexandre Hauet, Cédric Legoût, and Bernard Mercier
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 9, 41–67, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-9-41-2020, 2020
We present the development of the RIPLE platform that is designed for the monitoring at high temporal frequency (~ 10 min) of water discharge, solid fluxes (bedload and suspended load) and properties of fine particles (settling velocity) in mesoscale rivers. Many instruments are integrated into this single centralized device, which is autonomous in energy and connected to the 2G/3G network. A user-friendly interface has been developed enabling us to visualize the data collected by the platform.
PubDate: 2020-03-17T22:29:59+01:00
- A monitoring system for spatiotemporal electrical self-potential
measurements in cryospheric environments
Abstract: A monitoring system for spatiotemporal electrical self-potential measurements in cryospheric environments
Maximilian Weigand, Florian M. Wagner, Jonas K. Limbrock, Christin Hilbich, Christian Hauck, and Andreas Kemna
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2020-5,2020
Preprint under review for GI (discussion: open, 2 comments)
In times of global warming permafrost is starting to degrade at alarming rates, requiring new and improved characterization approaches. We describe the design and test installation of a monitoring system used to capture natural electrical potentials in the subsurface to investigate water flow in the non- or partially frozen subsurface. We find that extensive data quality assessment is required for reliable data recording, potentially paving the way for inclusion in risk models.
PubDate: 2020-03-16T22:29:59+01:00
- A Global Geographic Grid System for Visualizing Bathymetry
Abstract: A Global Geographic Grid System for Visualizing Bathymetry
Colin Ware, Larry Mayer, Paul Johnson, Martin Jakobsson, and Vicki Ferrini
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2020-1,2020
Preprint under review for GI (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) are widely used in geospatial applications and terrains are often defined by regular grids in geographic coordinates. However, because of convergence of lines of longitude near the poles there is oversampling in the latitude (zonal) direction. Also, there is no standard way of defining a hierarchy of grids to consistently deal with data having different spatial resolutions. The proposed Global Geographic Grid System solves both problems.
PubDate: 2020-03-09T22:29:59+01:00
- Dense point cloud acquisition with a low-cost Velodyne VLP-16
Abstract: Dense point cloud acquisition with a low-cost Velodyne VLP-16
Jason Bula, Marc-Henri Derron, and Grégoire Mariéthoz
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2020-3,2020
Preprint under review for GI (discussion: open, 1 comment)
We developped a method to acquire dense point clouds with a low-cost Velodyne Puck lidar system, without using expensive GNSS positioning or IMU. Our setting consists in mounting the lidar on a motor to continuously change the scan direction, which leads to a significant increase in the point cloud density. The system was compared with a more expensive system based on IMU registration and a SLAM algorithm. The alignment between acquisitions with those two systems is within a distance of 2 cm.
PubDate: 2020-03-04T22:29:59+01:00
- Monitoring aseismic creep trends in the İsmetpaşa and Destek segments
Abstract: Monitoring aseismic creep trends in the İsmetpaşa and Destek segments throughout the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) with a large-scale GPS network
Hasan Hakan Yavaşoğlu, Mehmet Nurullah Alkan, Serdar Bilgi, and Öykü Alkan
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 9, 25–40, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-9-25-2020, 2020
This study has been carried out within the scope of a project supported by the Istanbul Technical, Afyon Kocatepe and Hitit universities. The data were obtained from annual GPS campaigns. With this study, the actual velocity field of the region was revealed and the deformations of the region were determined. In particular, the creep, which is a rare phenomenon in tectonics, was studied in order to understand its mechanism and whether it is present in the region or not.
PubDate: 2020-02-26T22:29:59+01:00
- A soil moisture monitoring network to characterize karstic recharge and
evapotranspiration at five representative sites across the globe
Abstract: A soil moisture monitoring network to characterize karstic recharge and evapotranspiration at five representative sites across the globe
Romane Berthelin, Michael Rinderer, Bartolomé Andreo, Andy Baker, Daniela Kilian, Gabriele Leonhardt, Annette Lotz, Kurt Lichtenwoehrer, Matías Mudarra, Ingrid Y. Padilla, Fernando Pantoja Agreda, Rafael Rosolem, Abel Vale, and Andreas Hartmann
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 9, 11–23, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-9-11-2020, 2020
We present the setup of a soil moisture monitoring network, which is implemented at five karstic sites with different climates across the globe. More than 400 soil moisture probes operating at a high spatio-temporal resolution will improve the understanding of groundwater recharge and evapotranspiration processes in karstic areas.
PubDate: 2020-02-25T22:29:59+01:00
- Signal Processing for In-Situ Detection of Effective Heat Pulse Probe
Spacing Radius as the Basis of a Self-Calibrating Heat Pulse Probe
Abstract: Signal Processing for In-Situ Detection of Effective Heat Pulse Probe Spacing Radius as the Basis of a Self-Calibrating Heat Pulse Probe
Nicholas J. Kinar, John W. Pomeroy, and Bing Si
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2019-43,2020
Preprint under review for GI (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Heat pulse probes are widely used to monitor soil thermal and physical properties for agricultural and hydrological monitoring related to crop productivity, drought, snowmelt and evapotranspiration. Changes in the effective probe spacing distance can cause measurement inaccuracy. This paper uses a novel heat pulse probe and theory to compensate for changes in effective distance thereby enabling more accurate sensor outputs useful for forecasts and predictions of drought and flooding.
PubDate: 2020-02-18T22:29:59+01:00
- In situ measurements of the ice flow motion at Eqip Sermia Glacier using a
remotely controlled unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
Abstract: In situ measurements of the ice flow motion at Eqip Sermia Glacier using a remotely controlled unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
Guillaume Jouvet, Eef van Dongen, Martin P. Lüthi, and Andreas Vieli
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 9, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-9-1-2020, 2020
We report the first-ever in situ measurements of ice flow motion using a remotely controlled drone. We used a quadcopter to land on a highly crevassed area of Eqip Sermia Glacier, Greenland. The drone measured 70 cm of ice displacement over more than 4 h thanks to an accurate onboard GPS. Our study demonstrates that drones have great potential for geoscientists, especially to deploy sensors in hostile environments such as glaciers.
PubDate: 2020-02-12T22:29:59+01:00
- A new borehole electromagnetic receiver developed for CSEM methods
Abstract: A new borehole electromagnetic receiver developed for CSEM methods
Sixuan Song, Ming Deng, Kai Chen, Muer A, and Sheng Jin
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2019-37,2020
Preprint under review for GI (discussion: open, 2 comments)
Current borehole receivers only measure a single parameter of the magnetic field component, which does not meet the special requirements of controlled source electromagnetic methods.This study proposes a borehole electromagnetic receiver which realizes multi-component synchronous acquisition of adding the vertical electric field component. Results of the experiments show that the design has the performance of low noise and wide band and that high quality CSEM signals were obtained.
PubDate: 2020-02-06T22:29:59+01:00
- Auroral Classification Ergonomics and the Implications for
Machine
Learning
Abstract: Auroral Classification Ergonomics and the Implications for MachineLearning
Derek McKay and Andreas Kvammen
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2019-41,2020
Preprint under review for GI (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
Researchers are making increasing use of machine learning to improve accuracy, efficiency and consistency. During such a study of the aurora, it was noted that biases or distortions had crept into the data, because of the conditions (or ergonomics) of the human trainers. As using machine learning techniques to auroral research is relatively new, it is critical that such biases are brought to the attention of the academic and citizen science communities.
PubDate: 2020-01-28T22:29:59+01:00
- Creating HiRISE digital elevation models for Mars using the open-source
Ames Stereo Pipeline
Abstract: Creating HiRISE digital elevation models for Mars using the open-source Ames Stereo Pipeline
Adam J. Hepburn, Tom Holt, Bryn Hubbard, and Felix Ng
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 8, 293–313, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-8-293-2019, 2019
Currently, there exist thousands of unprocessed stereo pairs of satellite imagery which can be used to create models of the surface of Mars. This paper sets out a new open–source and free to use pipeline for creating these models. Our pipeline produces models of comparable quality to the limited number released to date but remains free to use and easily implemented by researchers, who may not necessarily have prior experience of DEM creation.
PubDate: 2019-12-09T22:29:59+01:00
- How many solar wind data are sufficient for accurate fluxgate magnetometer
offset determinations'
Abstract: How many solar wind data are sufficient for accurate fluxgate magnetometer offset determinations'
Ferdinand Plaschke
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 8, 285–291, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-8-285-2019, 2019
Measuring the magnetic field onboard spacecraft requires regular in-flight calibration activities. Among those, determining the output of magnetometers under vanishing ambient magnetic fields, the so-called magnetometer offsets, is essential. Typically, characteristic rotations in solar wind magnetic fields are used to obtain these offsets. This paper addresses the question of how many solar wind data are needed to reach certain accuracy levels in offset determination.
PubDate: 2019-12-05T22:29:59+01:00
- Progress in managing the transition from the RS92 to the Vaisala RS41 as
the operational radiosonde within the GCOS Reference Upper-Air Network
Abstract: Progress in managing the transition from the RS92 to the Vaisala RS41 as the operational radiosonde within the GCOS Reference Upper-Air Network
Ruud J. Dirksen, Greg E. Bodeker, Peter W. Thorne, Andrea Merlone, Tony Reale, Junhong Wang, Dale F. Hurst, Belay B. Demoz, Tom D. Gardiner, Bruce Ingleby, Michael Sommer, Christoph von Rohden, and Thierry Leblanc
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2019-36,2019
Preprint under review for GI (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
This paper describes GRUAN's strategy to a network-wide change in the operational radiosonde, from Vaisala RS92 to RS41.GRUAN's main goal is providing long-term data records that are free of inhomogeneities due to instrumental effects, which requires proper change management.The approach is to fully characterize the differences between both radiosonde types, usinga.o. laboratory tests, twin soundings, ancillary data, and by drawing from the various fields of expertise available in GRUAN.
PubDate: 2019-12-05T22:29:59+01:00
- In-orbit results of the Coupled Dark State Magnetometer aboard the
China
Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite
Abstract: In-orbit results of the Coupled Dark State Magnetometer aboard theChina Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite
Andreas Pollinger, Christoph Amtmann, Alexander Betzler, Bingjun Cheng, Michaela Ellmeier, Christian Hagen, Irmgard Jernej, Roland Lammegger, Bin Zhou, and Werner Magnes
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2019-35,2019
Preprint under review for GI (discussion: final response, 3 comments)
The China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) was launched in February 2018 into a polar, sun-synchronous, low Earth orbit. It provides the first demonstration of the Coupled Dark State Magnetometer (CDSM) measurement principle in space. The CDSM is an optical scalar magnetometer based on the Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) effect and measures the scalar field with the lowest absolute error aboard CSES. Therefore, it serves as the reference instrument for the measurements done by the fluxgate sensors within the High Precision Magnetometer instrument package. In this paper several correction steps are discussed in order to improve the accuracy of the CDSM data. This includes the extraction of valid 1 Hz data, the application of the sensor heading characteristic, the handling of discontinuities at CPT resonance transitions as well as the removal of fluxgate and satellite interferences. The in-orbit performance is compared to the Absolute Scalar Magnetometer aboard the SWARM satellite Bravo via the CHAOS-6 magnetic field model. Additionally, an uncertainty of the magnetic field measurement is derived from unexpected parametric changes of the CDSM in orbit in combination with performance measurements on ground.
PubDate: 2019-12-04T22:29:59+01:00
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