 Subjects -> INSTRUMENTS (Total: 62 journals)
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- Metrological characterization and calibration of thermographic cameras for
quantitative temperature measurement
Abstract: Metrological characterization and calibration of thermographic cameras for quantitative temperature measurement
Sebastian König, Berndt Gutschwager, Richard Dieter Taubert, and Jörg Hollandt
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 425–442, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-425-2020, 2020
We present the metrological characterization and calibration of three different types of thermographic cameras for quantitative temperature measurement traceable to the International Temperature Scale (ITS-90). Relevant technical specifications are determined according to the requirements given in the series of Technical Directives VDI/VDE 5585. For the IETD and the NU, we also show how a significant improvement in the parameters can be achieved with the help of the data reference method.
PubDate: 2020-12-18T09:35:55+01:00
- Random gas mixtures for efficient gas sensor calibration
Abstract: Random gas mixtures for efficient gas sensor calibration
Tobias Baur, Manuel Bastuck, Caroline Schultealbert, Tilman Sauerwald, and Andreas Schütze
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 411–424, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-411-2020, 2020
Applications like air quality, fire detection and detection of explosives require selective and quantitative measurements in an ever-changing background of interfering gases. One main issue hindering the successful implementation of gas sensors in real-world applications is the lack of appropriate calibration procedures for advanced gas sensor systems. This article presents a calibration scheme for gas sensors based on gas profiles with unique randomized gas mixtures.
PubDate: 2020-11-27T12:05:58+01:00
- Improvement of the performance of a capacitive relative pressure sensor:
case of large deflections
Abstract: Improvement of the performance of a capacitive relative pressure sensor: case of large deflections
Samia Achouch, Fakhita Regragui, and Mourad Gharbi
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 401–409, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-401-2020, 2020
Capacitive pressure sensors are widely used in a variety of applications and are built using a variety of processes, including 3D printing technology. The use of this technology could lead us to a situation of large deflections, depending on the mechanical properties of the materials and the resolution of the machines used. This aspect is rarely reported in previous research works that focus on improving the performance in terms of linearity and sensitivity of these sensors. This paper describes the realization of relative pressure sensors designed as two different structures; the first one is the classical design composed of a single capacitor, while the second one is composed of two capacitors, designed in such a way that they both vary according to the applied pressure but in opposite senses to each other. The purpose is to study in particular the performance of the second structure in the case of large deflections for the context of educational use. Polylactic acid (PLA) is used as the manufacturing material to print the sensors by means of a printer based on fused deposing modeling, while conductive materials are used to provide the electrical conductivity required for the printed sensors. The manufactured sensors were tested under pressure in the range of [0; 9] KPa. Compared to the performance obtained with the first structure, simulation and experimental results show that the second structure improves linearity and allows the sensitivity to be increased from a minimum of 9.98×10-2 pF/hPa to a minimum of 3.4×10-1 pF/hPa.
PubDate: 2020-11-27T12:05:58+01:00
- Traceably calibrated scanning Hall probe microscopy at room temperature
Abstract: Traceably calibrated scanning Hall probe microscopy at room temperature
Manuela Gerken, Aurélie Solignac, Davood Momeni Pakdehi, Alessandra Manzin, Thomas Weimann, Klaus Pierz, Sibylle Sievers, and Hans Werner Schumacher
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 391–399, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-391-2020, 2020
Traceably calibrated scanning Hall microscopy (SHM) is a versatile tool for the quantitative characterization of magnetic microstructures. To enable SHM with a resolution in the micrometer range under ambient conditions, two Hall sensor materials, gold and graphene, were investigated. A SHM setup utilizing a 5 μm gold Hall sensor was calibrated. The field sensitivity and the detailed uncertainty budget are discussed. The presented traceable calibration is validated by comparison to simulations.
PubDate: 2020-11-13T11:56:32+01:00
- Glass electrode half-cells for measuring unified pH in ethanol–water
mixtures
Abstract: Glass electrode half-cells for measuring unified pH in ethanol–water mixtures
Agnes Heering, Frank Bastkowski, and Steffen Seitz
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 383–389, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-383-2020, 2020
The new concept of a unified pH scale can be used to compare acidities of different kinds of solvents and their mixtures. The aim of the work was to investigate the robustness of the measurement method with four commercially available glass electrodes for non-aqueous media in comparison with the rather specific type of cell used so far for this measurement. The measurement results in aqueous mixtures of ethanol show good agreement.
PubDate: 2020-11-11T12:11:51+01:00
- Traceable measurements of harmonic (2 to 150) kHz emissions in smart
grids: uncertainty calculation
Abstract: Traceable measurements of harmonic (2 to 150) kHz emissions in smart grids: uncertainty calculation
Daniela Istrate, Deepak Amaripadath, Etienne Toutain, Robin Roche, and Fei Gao
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 375–381, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-375-2020, 2020
The necessity to measure harmonic emissions between 2 and 150 kHz is outlined by several standard committees and electrical utilities. This paper presents a measurement system and its traceable characterization designed to acquire and analyze voltages up to 230 V and currents up to 100 A with harmonics up to 150 kHz that may occur in smart grids. The uncertainty estimation is carried out and described in detail for both the fundamental and suprahmarmonics components.
PubDate: 2020-11-10T12:11:51+01:00
- Intelligent fault detection of electrical assemblies using hierarchical
convolutional networks for supporting automatic optical inspection systems
Abstract: Intelligent fault detection of electrical assemblies using hierarchical convolutional networks for supporting automatic optical inspection systems
Alida Ilse Maria Schwebig and Rainer Tutsch
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 363–374, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-363-2020, 2020
In order to further increase the performance of neural networks in the field of optical quality assurance of soldered joints, a hierarchical classifier can be used instead of a single network. The global expansion of the classifier enables the inspection task to be distributed over several subnetworks, which results in higher accuracy. Since the individual sub-models only concentrate on the identification of certain characteristics, categorical problems can be solved more effectively.
PubDate: 2020-11-02T13:52:39+01:00
- Cyclic and square-wave voltammetry for selective simultaneous NO and O2
gas detection by means of solid electrolyte sensors
Abstract: Cyclic and square-wave voltammetry for selective simultaneous NO and O2 gas detection by means of solid electrolyte sensors
Anastasiya Ruchets, Nils Donker, Jens Zosel, Daniela Schönauer-Kamin, Ralf Moos, Ulrich Guth, and Michael Mertig
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 355–362, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-355-2020, 2020
A commercial solid electrolyte gas sensor of the type "Pt YSZ Pt, air" based on yttria-stabilized zirconia for colorimetric oxygen detection was operated in optimized dynamic electrochemical modes. Cyclic voltammetry and square-wave voltammetry were used for the detection of NO and O2 in N2 in the temperature range between 550 and 750 °C. Due to the differences of electrode kinetics of the single components it is possible to detect these redox active gases selectively and quasi-simultaneously.
PubDate: 2020-10-29T13:00:42+01:00
- Characterization of ceramics based on laser speckle photometry
Abstract: Characterization of ceramics based on laser speckle photometry
Lili Chen, Ulana Cikalova, Beatrice Bendjus, Stefan Muench, and Mike Roellig
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 345–354, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-345-2020, 2020
This paper describes an optical sensor system based on the technique of laser speckle photometry (LSP) for the application of stress characterization and defect detection in ceramics. The purpose of the research is to develop an in-line inspection solution for the industrial field. The preliminary results show that the LSP technique has the potential to fulfill the task.
PubDate: 2020-10-20T18:05:53+02:00
- Detection of plastics in water based on their fluorescence behavior
Abstract: Detection of plastics in water based on their fluorescence behavior
Maximilian Wohlschläger and Martin Versen
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 337–343, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-337-2020, 2020
Plastic waste is one of the biggest growing factors contributing to environmental pollution. So far there has been no established method to detect and identify plastics in environmental matrices. Thus, a method based on their characteristic fluorescence behavior is used to investigate whether plastics can be detected and identified in tap water under laboratory conditions. The experiments show that the identification of plastics as a function of water depth is possible. As the identification becomes more difficult with higher water depths, investigations with a highly sensitive imaging method were carried out to obtain an areal integration of the fluorescent light and thus better results.
PubDate: 2020-10-20T18:05:53+02:00
- Multi-gas sensor to detect simultaneously nitrogen oxides and oxygen
Abstract: Multi-gas sensor to detect simultaneously nitrogen oxides and oxygen
Julia Herrmann, Gunter Hagen, Jaroslaw Kita, Frank Noack, Dirk Bleicker, and Ralf Moos
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 327–335, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-327-2020, 2020
In this contribution, an inexpensive and robust impedimetric NOx sensor is presented. The impedance of a functional thick film depends selectively on the NOx concentration in the exhaust but shows a dependency on the oxygen concentration. Therefore, an additional temperature-independent resistive oxygen sensor structure was integrated on the same sensor platform. It serves not only to determine the oxygen concentration in the exhaust, but also to correct the oxygen dependency of the NOx sensor.
PubDate: 2020-10-09T13:23:03+02:00
- A tactile sensor based on magneto-sensitive elastomer to determine the
position of an indentation
Abstract: A tactile sensor based on magneto-sensitive elastomer to determine the position of an indentation
Simon Gast and Klaus Zimmermann
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 319–326, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-319-2020, 2020
In this paper, we present a tactile sensor based on the interaction of coils with a magnetic elastomer. The first experimental approach is sampling the sensor with indentations of constant depth at different positions. A mathematical model is used to reproduce the data. Afterwards, this model is applied to random indentations at the same depth. As a result, we provide conceptual proof for position determination in one direction as a basis for a refined sensor design and further model approaches.
PubDate: 2020-10-08T13:23:03+02:00
- Development and test of a highly sensitive and selective hydrogen sensor
system
Abstract: Development and test of a highly sensitive and selective hydrogen sensor system
Pramit Sood, Jens Zosel, Michael Mertig, Wolfram Oelßner, Olaf Herrmann, and Michael Woratz
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 309–317, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-309-2020, 2020
A miniaturized, field-applicable sensor system was developed for the measurement of low hydrogen (H2) concentrations in air. The sensor system is based on the application of a newly developed miniaturized coulometric detector with gas chromatographic (GC) pre-separation after injection. By optimizing all operational parameters, it was possible to conduct reproducible and 100 % selective H2 measurements with more than 90 % analyte turnover compared to Faraday's law.
PubDate: 2020-10-05T08:21:42+02:00
- Deep neural networks for computational optical form measurements
Abstract: Deep neural networks for computational optical form measurements
Lara Hoffmann and Clemens Elster
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 301–307, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-301-2020, 2020
Deep learning has become a state-of-the-art method in machine learning, with a broad range of successful applications. Our goal is to explore the benefits of deep learning techniques for computational optical form measurements. The research is based on solving a nonlinear inverse problem aimed at the reconstruction of optical topographies from given processed interferograms. A U-Net network structure is chosen and tested on a simulated database. The obtained results are promising.
PubDate: 2020-09-24T07:40:44+02:00
- Influence of Pt paste and the firing temperature of screen-printed
electrodes on the NO detection by pulsed polarization
Abstract: Influence of Pt paste and the firing temperature of screen-printed electrodes on the NO detection by pulsed polarization
Nils Donker, Anastasiya Ruchets, Daniela Schönauer-Kamin, Jens Zosel, Ulrich Guth, and Ralf Moos
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 293–300, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-293-2020, 2020
Symmetrical Pt YSZ Pt–NO gas sensors were produced with frit-containing and fritless Pt electrodes and fired between 950 and 1300 °C. The sensors were operated by pulsed polarization. With fritless pastes, the sensors responded significantly higher. The firing temperature affects the sensitivity only slightly. The low NO sensitivity of the frit-containing electrodes was attributed to a blocking effect at the triple-phase boundaries that inhibits the oxygen transport through the sensor.
PubDate: 2020-09-17T06:25:49+02:00
- Siloxane treatment of metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors in
temperature-cycled operation – sensitivity and selectivity
Abstract: Siloxane treatment of metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors in temperature-cycled operation – sensitivity and selectivity
Caroline Schultealbert, Iklim Uzun, Tobias Baur, Tilman Sauerwald, and Andreas Schütze
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 283–292, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-283-2020, 2020
We present a work on gas sensors that can for example be used for the assessment of indoor air quality. These sensors suffer from deterioration by siloxanes, so we investigated these effects by a distinct operation mode and exposition to this gas that allows us to interpret different reactions on the sensor surface. We found that all processes on the sensor surface are slowed down by this treatment and a self-compensation by the evaluation of oxygen adsorption processes is likely to be found.
PubDate: 2020-08-28T10:15:44+02:00
- Determination of the mean base circle radius of gears by optical
multi-distance measurements
Abstract: Determination of the mean base circle radius of gears by optical multi-distance measurements
Marc Pillarz, Axel von Freyberg, and Andreas Fischer
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 273–282, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-273-2020, 2020
The necessary reliability of wind turbine gearboxes increases the requirements for large gear measurements. However, standard measuring methods reach their limits for large gears with diameters> 1 m. Therefore a scalable optical gear measurement approach is presented. At first, simulation and experimental results prove the principle applicability of the measuring approach for small gear measurements. Geometric parameters of gears can be determined with a single-digit micrometer uncertainty.
PubDate: 2020-08-20T12:34:54+02:00
- Optimization of soot deposition by high-temperature prepolarization of a
resistive particulate matter sensor
Abstract: Optimization of soot deposition by high-temperature prepolarization of a resistive particulate matter sensor
Jens Ebel, Carolin Schilling, and Holger Fritze
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 263–271, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-263-2020, 2020
In a very specific way, this research paper shows how established systems – in this case a commercial soot sensor for the automotive sector – can be optimized by diving deep into the basic research. The approach here is to link macroscopic observations or signal behavior with processes taking place on the atomic level. Taking these fundamental processes into account, the sensor's specific response time could be shortened effectively by a change in operating strategy – without any design changes.
PubDate: 2020-08-20T12:34:54+02:00
- In-line monitoring of electrolytes and urea during continuous renal
replacement therapy
Abstract: In-line monitoring of electrolytes and urea during continuous renal replacement therapy
Marc Berger, Merle Sehlmeyer, Flora Sellering, Hannes Röhrich, Thorsten Perl, Hussam Mansour, Daniel Baasner, and Stefan Zimmermann
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 251–262, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-251-2020, 2020
In this paper we investigate an in-line concept for continuous monitoring of sodium, potassium, calcium and urea concentrations in blood serum using ion-selective electrodes. This concept is evaluated in a preclinical study with human packed red blood cells as a test medium. It has been shown that the electrolytes can be well monitored. In addition, we present the first measurements with ion-sensitive field-effect transistors in a miniaturized sensor assembly using a novel readout electronics.
PubDate: 2020-08-19T12:42:37+02:00
- Design study for a multicomponent transducer for wind turbine test benches
Abstract: Design study for a multicomponent transducer for wind turbine test benches
Jonas Gnauert, Georg Jacobs, Stefan Kock, Dennis Bosse, and Benjamin Janik
J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 239–249, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-239-2020, 2020
This paper covers the design study of a multicomponent transducer (MCT) for wind turbine test benches. The MCT will cover the characteristics of wind turbines in the power range of up to 6 MW. The motivation to develop a MCT such as this is to provide satisfying measurement accuracy of loads and moments for all 6 degrees of freedom in order to reduce the uncertainty in the traceability of the drive train behavior due to the applied loads.
PubDate: 2020-08-17T12:42:37+02:00
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