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Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology : C Life Sciences and Biotechnology
Number of Followers: 2

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2146-0264 - ISSN (Online) 2146-0213
Published by Anadolu University

[6 journals]

The Uses of Stem Cells in Toxicology Studies
- Authors: Can Özgür YALÇIN; Sezen Yılmaz
  Abstract: Stem cells arecurrently being used in drug/toxicity screenings, investigation of diseasepathways and mechanistic studies such as developmental toxicity. Human-inducedpluripotent stem cells (iPSC) can be obtained by manipulation of pluripotencygenes from differentiated, mature and specialized cells, and thus the toxicitycaused by environmental exposure can be determined, as well as reflecting thegenetic structure of the individual. Pathways underlying disease and toxicityconditions can be illuminated by identifying genomic, proteomic, transcriptomicand metabolomic patterns of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and iPSC extensively.Although technological challenges and ethical restrictions prevent common use,the use of human stem cell-based systems in drug discovery and toxicity studiesallows reducing cost and experimental animal use, making safer personalizedmedicine and more accurate risk assessments for environmental toxicants. Inthis review, the use of stem cells in toxicology studies has been mentioned.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Mar 2018 00:00:00 +030
BIOACTIVITY RESEARCHING ON NEW SPECIES OF ECHINOPS L. (ASTERACEAE):
ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ECHINOPS ANTALYENSIS
- Authors: Handan ŞAPCI; Cem Vural
  Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate theantimicrobial and antioxidant activities of different extracts from Echinops antayensis C.Vural.Antimicrobial activity was estimated against several common human pathogenicbacterial strains using the agar disc diffusion and minimal inhibitoryconcentration assays. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPHradical-scavenging assay and total phenolic content methods. On the light ofthese experiments, E. antalyensiswould seem to be an important natural antioxidant. This study is first reporton the biological activity of E.antalyensis as regarded new species from Turkey.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Mar 2018 00:00:00 +030
Determination of Antimicrobial Activity and Some Metabolic Properties of
Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Table Fermented Olives (Olea europaea
L.)
- Authors: Merih KIVANÇ; Şerife Yelda Erikçi
  Abstract: The olive (Oleaeuropaea L.) is consumed extensively in the world and in our country; ithas great value for nutrition. Today, the importance of the olive is increasingwith the trend towards of natural food.In this study, the antimicrobial activity and some metabolic properties oflactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented commercial and home product olivesamples produced in our country were determined. Fifty lactic acid bacteriawere isolated from ten green table olives and 10 black table olives. Theantimicrobial effect of these isolates was determined by the agar diffusionmethod and the sandwich overlay method. Effective isolates were identified andtheir lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide and proteolytic activities were determined.Six isolates had antimicrobial activity, from those SZ5 was identified as L. plantarum, DZ2 as E. facium, EZ8, BZ1, SZ1 and BZ4isolates were identified as L. brevis.The pH range of lactic acid bacteria was 5.3 to 6.8 and the lactic acid levelsranged from 0.261 to 1.818 mg / mL. Amounts of proteolytic activity variedbetween 0.003-0.011 tirosine mg / mL and hydrogen peroxide levels variedbetween 0.218-0.96mg / mL. In conclusion, L. brevis SZ1, E. faecium DZ2 and L.brevis BZ1 isolates were identified as candidates for starter culture due totheir ability to grow in high salt concentrations and low pH and their propertyto produce high lactic acid.
  PubDate: Wed, 28 Feb 2018 00:00:00 +030
Comparative Growth Media Performances on in vitro Propagation of Some
Salep Orchids
- Authors: Yasemin Kemeç Hürkan; Kaan Hürkan, Cüneyt Akı
  Abstract: Due to theincreasing demand and over collection of orchids from nature to produce salep,scientists have been led to search for more efficient ways to propagate thesespecific orchids in vitro. This present study compares germinationperformances of two commercial (Orchimax and Knudson C) and one speciallyprepared orchid growth media (SV), on economically and medicinally importantorchids used to make salep; (Anacamptis pyramidalis, Dactylorhizaromana, Neotinea tridentata and Anacamptis morio subsp.morio) and further aims to obtain a mature orchid plant by following thenatural environmental cycle. Significantdifferences in seed germination and protocorm development were observed.Asymbiotic germination tests showed that the specially prepared growth mediaperformed better than the commercial media by 79.11% germination rate. Also,that A. morio subsp. morio had the best germination rate by88.91%. Protocorms developed in the sixteenth week after sowing. Soil wascollected from the natural habitat of each species and was used as a pottingsubstrate, and this helped orchids to pass their initial acclimatization stage.Regeneration success of orchids at in vitro conditions could beincreased by using SV growth medium, following their natural hardening offcycle and using specific substrates from their respective habitats.
  PubDate: Wed, 28 Feb 2018 00:00:00 +030
THE EFFECTS OF CALCIUM CARBONATE (CACO3) APPLICATION AT DIFFERENT
CONCENTRATIONS ON SEED GERMINATION OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF CARTHAMUS
TINCTORIUS L. (ASTERACEAE)
- Authors: Sema LEBLEBİCİ; Gülçin IŞIK
  Abstract: In this study, twodifferent varieties of Carthamustinctorius L. (Asteraceae) grown for biodiesel production, Remzibey andDinçer seeds were used as study material. The seeds of each variety were letout for germination by placing in calcium carbonate solutions, consisting purewater control, prepared at rates of 2%, 4% , 8%, 15%, 50% and 60% in Petri dishes, on two-fold drying paper, in16 hours light/8 hours dark photoperiod, at 25 ± 1° C, repeating three times.When the data obtained were analysed statistically, Dinçer variety was foundout to be more resistant to calcium carbonate than Remzibey. Besides, bothtypes of Carthamus tinctorius wereobserved to show better germination in 8% calcium carbonate solution than 4%calcium carbonate. As a result, it can be said that both species of Carthamus tinctorius can germinatebetter in neutral soil and slightly alkaline soil.
  PubDate: Wed, 28 Feb 2018 00:00:00 +030
DEVELOPMENT OF ZEIN-CASEIN MICROCAPSULES FOR ENCAPSULATION OF MINT
ESSENTIAL OIL
- Authors: İncilay Gökbulut
  Abstract: In thisstudy, the efficiency and release properties of microcapsules obtained bycoating zein-casein complex at different ratios of mint essential oil have beeninvestigated. Efficiency and release levels of mint essential oil coated withzein and essential oils coated with zein-casein complex were compared. It is plannedto increase their activity by encapsulating the mint essential oil in theapolar structure in capsule form by the hydrophilic / hydrophobic propertieswhich arise from the zein and its amino acids. In thisstudy, casein additions of 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, 13% and 15% were applied tothe zein coating material for mint essential oil microcapsulation. Theefficiency of microencapsulation with only zein as the coating material wasdetermined to be 46%, while the activity value of microencapsulated with 13%with casein-zein formulation was determined at 54.66 %. In addition, in therelease rate test, the release of mint essential oil from the microcapsules wascompleted by providing 42.75% release over 9 days.
  PubDate: Wed, 28 Feb 2018 00:00:00 +030
Lipolytic Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Turkish
Pastırma
- Authors: Emine Dinçer; Merih Kıvanç
  Abstract: Lipases are widely distributedin nature and catalyze the hydrolysis of mono, di and tri acyl glycerols toliberate free fatty acids and glycerol. Various microorganisms produce lipases eitheralone or together with esterase. Lipases form an important group of relevantenzymes and they were used in a variety of biotechnological fields such as food,pharmaceutical, detergent, textile and cosmetic industries. Lipases from lacticacid bacteria may contribute in the development of flavors in foods especiallymeat products. The goal of the present study is to investigate the ability toproduce lipolytic enzymes lactic acid bacteria strains which is selected aspotential probiotics and isolated on pastırma samples in our laboratory todeterminate the possibilities of using as starter cultures in pastırmaproduction. Lipolytic activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from pastırma hasnot been investigated up to now. The plate assay is performed to screeninglipolytic activity of lactic acid bacteria isolates. In the study, 3 different growthmedium tried and each medium contain tributyrin as a substrate. Using thesemethods, 50 strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Turkish pastırma arescreened for the presence of lipolytic activity. As a result of theanalysis, the lipolytic activity is observed in 26 tested strains. Lactobacillus plantarum have highestlipolytic activity.
  PubDate: Wed, 28 Feb 2018 00:00:00 +030
REDESCRIPTION OF THE TWO HARPACTEA BRISTOWE, 1939 (ARANEAE, DYSDERIDAE)
SPECIES KNOWN FROM TURKEY
- Authors: Recep Sulhi ÖZKÜTÜK; Ersen Aydın Yağmur, Kadir Boğaç Kunt, Gizem Karakaş Karakaş Kılıç, Mert Elverici
  Abstract: During our field studies to determine the Harpacteinaae fauna of Turkey, additional samples of Harpactea erseni and H. pugio species described on malespecies were collected; detailed photographs constituting taxonomic charactersof the reproductive organs of both male and female species were given anddescriptions were made and distribution of the species was shown on the map. H. erseni belongs to the rubicunda (D) group which is defined for the genus, by the male reproductiveorgans and some other characters. However, the newly described femalereproductive organ is closely related to the lepida (C) group becausethe posterior spermatheca is completely sclerotized. This situation isdiscussed in the article. H. pugiohas been evaluated in the rubicunda (D) group due to posterior diverticulum inthe crusted posterior spermatheca of the female reproductive organ and thetaxonomic characteristics of the both sexes
  PubDate: Wed, 28 Feb 2018 00:00:00 +030
SİVAS’IN SOLAR TUZLALARINDAKİ MİKROBİYAL TOPLULUKLARIN
KÜLTÜR-BAĞIMLI KARAKTERİZASYONU
- Authors: Mehmet Burçin Mutlu; Seval Çınar
  Abstract: Bu çalışmada Sivas’tabulunan farklı solar tuzlalardan halofilik mikroorganizmaların izolasyonu yapılmıştırve elde edilen izolatların 16S rRNA gen analizine dayalı karakterizasyonugerçekleştirilmiştir. İzolasyon işlemi farklı tuz konsantrasyonları ilehazırlanmış 5 farklı besiyeri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Morfolojik olarakfarklılık gösteren kolonilerin 16S rRNA genleri ARDRA ile analiz edilmiştir vekesim profilleri karşılaştırılmıştır. 47 adet suş tanımlama amacıylaseçilmiştir. Bacteria domainiiçerisinde yer alan izolatların Idiomarina, Salinivibrio, Halomonas, Salinibacter, Gracilibacillus, Thalassobacillus,Aliifodinibius, Chromohalobacter, Planococcus, Marinobacter, Bacillus, Aquisalimonas, Marinococcus, Alkalibacillus,Kangiella ve Microbulbifer cinsleri ile filogenetik olarak ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır.Halofilik arke izolatları ise Haloferax, Natrinema, Haloterrigena, Halopelagius,Halorhabdus ve Haloarcula cinsleri içerisinde dağılım göstermiştir.
  PubDate: Wed, 28 Feb 2018 00:00:00 +030
ATTRACTIVE APPROACHES in DRUG DELIVERY: BIO-BASED CARRIERS for siRNA
TARGETING
- Authors: Zülal Yalınca; Şükrü Tüzmen
  Abstract: Functionalcharacterization of genes can be determined by disruption of gene expression.This provides powerful approach in designing novel treatment strategies. RNAinterference (RNAi) is a natural phenomenon that can aid in the study ofpost-transcriptional regulation of genes. This mechanism can be stimulated viaintroduction of double stranded RNA (dsRNA) in a cell. Synthetic short/small interferingRNAs (siRNA) can be utilized to trigger down-regulation of desired genes viatransfecting into mammalian cells. Recently, utilization of bio-based polymershas been an attractive approach in drug delivery for medical applications. Thisreview article describes the advantages of exploiting bio-based polymericcarriers for siRNA targeting, as bio-therapeutics. Here, we report the currentdevelopments, safety and delivery of bio-based siRNAs via polymeric carriers.Additionally, cancer genetics and metabolic disorders including obesity anddiabetes pertaining to the progress in clinical applications have beenhighlighted.
  PubDate: Wed, 28 Feb 2018 00:00:00 +030