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Bulletin of Pridniprovsk State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
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This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2312-2676
Published by Pridniprovsk State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture

[1 journal]

IFM – scientific centre of the development of the ukrainian
metallurgical industry
- Authors: V. I. Bolshakov, G. P. Yevseieva, A. G. Peretokin
  Pages: 10 - 22
  Abstract: The history of creation and development of the Institute of ferrous metallurgy of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences named after Z. I. Nekrasov is regarded in the article. IFM has become the scientific center of the development of the metallurgical industry of Ukraine. Researches of the outstanding scientists show their significant contribution in the development of the metallurgical science and implementation of their achievements in the production of the metallurgical industry of Ukraine.Analysis of publications. History of the Institute of the ferrous metallurgy is regarded in the fundamental works devoted to the development of the metallurgical industry in Ukraine and in the works published to the jubilee dates of the prominent scientists academicians Z. I. Nekrasov, V. I. Bol’shakov and others.The purpose of the article is to analyze the process of the creation of the Institute and the stages of its development in the 20th and 21st centuries and to define the influence of the economic and political situation in the country upon this process? To regard the role of the outstanding scientists and influence of their achievements on the development of the metallurgical industry of Ukraine. The history of IFM began in 1939 when it was organized in Kharkiv as a part of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. At the beginning of the Great Patriotic war the Institute was moved to Ufa – the capital of Bashkiria. During the war the scientists of the Institute tried to increase the output of metal and special steels for the defence industry. In 1943 the Institute moved to Moscow and then to Kiev. In 1952 it was decided to move the Institute to Dnepropetrovsk. In order to combine the scientific researches and production of metal. Z. I. Nekrasov was elected Director of the Institute. The departments of the Indtitute were headed by academicians Z. I. Nekrasov, A. P. Chekmariov, K. F. Starodubov, Correspondence Members of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences K. P. Bunin, S. N. Kozhevnikov. Professor N. O. Voronova.Conclusion. In 1960 the site for the construction of the laboratory base was given to the Institute, It was near the Botanical garden. Academician Z. I. Nekrasov creates the Institute of his dream. After creative rise in 1960–1980s the Institute survived during difficult 1990s and remained the leading branch scientific research Institute. IFM has saved high scientific potential and continues to carry out complex scientific research works in the field of the ferrous metallurgy. Academician V. I. Bol’shakov was Director of the Institute for about 20 years (1996–2015). The Institute collaborates with all big metallurgical plants of Ukraine, countries of UIS, China, Japan and other countries.
Reasons analysis of the «topolina» catastrophe and activities, excluding
designing similar phenomena of buildings on collapsible soils (to the 20th
anniversary of disaster) (part 1)
- Authors: V. I. Bolshakov, A. N. Motornyi
  Pages: 23 - 36
  Abstract: It is presented historical information about the formation of the Dnepropetrovsk city council a new neighborhood – Topol. The analysis of survey materials for the construction of new residential community Topol-1, Topol-2, Topol-3 was made. Geotechnical and hydrogeological conditions of the area for construction of housing estate Topol-1 were analyzed. The justification of the offered variants of the residential houses foundations under construction, social and cultural objects, submitted by project organization SPI “Ukrspetsstroyproekt” are given. We analyzed the design decisions UMZ residential complex foundations along the Zaporozhskoe shosse street. It was disclosed forced replacement of the proposed variant of pile foundation under the projected SPI “Giprograd”, housing estate on another version of foundations on the artificial basis after the transfer of the construction site from the second type to the first type of ground conditions by subsidence.It is given a brief justification of the flooding onset of the already exploited residential construction during the preliminary soaking of the territory for the residential complex UMZ. It is also revealed the reason for the occurrence of supranational deformations of the basements, foundations and structures of the lightest buildings of pre-school children's institutions, which are in operation before the preliminary soaking of the UMZ residential complex territory. The suffosion processes occurrence on the territory of the Topol-1 residential area, connected with the unloading occurrence of groundwater and increasing of the pressure gradient, decompaction and weakening of the soils of the second slope of the Vstrechnaya beam is substantiated. The cause of the hydraulic breakthrough of the destroyed second slope of the Vstrechnaya beam and the consequences that follow from this was disclosed. It is shown errors in purpose of SE “DneproNIISP” taking into production version of pre-soaking the upper area preparing for the construction of residential complex UMZ. The material and moral damage of the occurred catastrophe of a housing estate Topol-1 and the existing material and moral losses on the Dnieper railway are presented.It is presented the general conclusions of the expert committee and a separate opinion of the expert committee member, the author of this article N. A. Motornyi.
Design and technological solutions for the restoration of sewers using
elements of recycled polymer composite materials
- Authors: D. F. Goncharenko, A. V. Ubyivovk, A. A. Garmash
  Pages: 37 - 42
  Abstract: Problem statement. Currently sanitary drainage systems of large cities inUkraine are significantly worn down with prolonged use and due to inefficient solutions for protection of the structures from aggressive effects of the environment, poor quality of materials and construction and installation works during building. Restoration of performance characteristics, reliability and durability of sewer tunnels is the costly and technically complex task, which is urgently needed to be fulfilled to prevent accidents including those with serious environmental impact. Modern work technique and the materials used for restoration allow us to solve these problems with different levels of efficiency, while reducing the cost of restoration due to use of recycled polymeric raw material, as well as to improvement of technological solutions is a currently important direction of research.Purpose of the article. To develop solutions for restoring serviceability, reliability and durability of sewer tunnels taking into account the accumulated experience in renovation of water disposal networks.Conclusion. Use of components made of recycled polymer composite materials during restoring sewer tunnels has significant economic and environmental effects and allows to undertake repair work in hard-to-reach areas.
Determination of destructions character of building upper floors at
technogenic failures
- Authors: A. S. Belikov, S. V. Shatov, M. Yu. Ulitina, V. A. Holender
  Pages: 43 - 48
  Abstract: Raising of problem. Constructions and buildings can be destroyed or damaged from the action of technogenic catastrophes, failures and natural phenomena. An accident takes place, if a rightness is violated: project decisions and normative descriptions, making of plant wares, building editing. On occasion building get damages as a result of action of some not alone factor, and their total action. Dismantling of the damaged constructions is executed without the account of destructions character of objects, in particular their upper floors and roof. Therefore determination of character of destructions of overhead floors of buildings, constructions and development of technological decisions on their renewal is the scientific and technical issue of the day.Purpose. Determination of of destructions character of upper floors of building, as initial information for making decision on realization of works.Conclusion. The most frequent reasons of destructions of upper floors of building are: increase of loading over normative; decline in the process of exploitation the descriptions on durability of constructions from the action of various factors ‑ of moisture, temperature, wear. Destructions of building have a credible character. At the same time there are separate conformities to law of their destruction and general chart of development of this process. The local damages of separate elements of buildings and constructions which spread to the contiguous constructions and knots pass at first. Then the volume expansion of destruction or damage passes in the direction of the explosion source action.
Structural optimization of functionally graded materials with small
concentration of inclusions
- Authors: A. A. Diskovsky, O. I. Prudko
  Pages: 49 - 56
  Abstract: Raising of problem.With an optimal design of inner structure of functionally graded material (FGM) based on the classical method of homogenization procedure, in cases of low concentration of inclusions, when the size of inclusions is essentially less than the distance between them, leads to computational difficulties.Purpose – the research to develop a homogenization procedure, allowing solving effectively the problem of optimizing the internal structure of FGM at low concentrations of inclusions and illustration with specific examples.Conclusion. The proposed method allows solving tasks of calculation and optimal design of the internal structure of FGM structures with variable inclusions and with a variable step between them using the same methodology. The optimization is performed using two mechanisms. The first allocation is fixed at the edges of the border areas in which inclusions are absent. The second optimization mechanism is the distribution of inclusions sizes under the law, coinciding with the distribution law of an external load. Alternate step for the step should be reduced in areas with greater intensity of the external load.
About rationing maximum allowable defect depth on the surface of steel
billets in production of hot-rolled steel
- Authors: E. V. Parusov, V. A. Lutsenko, I. N. Chuiko, L. V. Sahura, T. N. Golubenko
  Pages: 57 - 63
  Abstract: Formulation of the problem. Significant influence on the quality of rolled steel have various defects on its surface, which in its turn inherited from surface defects of billet and possible damage to the surface of rolled steel in the rolling mill line. One of the criteria for assessing the quality indicators of rolled steel is rationing of surface defects [1; 2; 3; 6; 7]. Current status of the issue. Analyzing the different requirements of regulations to the surface quality of the rolled high-carbon steels, we can conclude that the maximum allowable depth of defects on the surface of billet should be in the range of 2.0...5.0 mm (depending on the section of the billet, method of its production and further the destination) Purpose. Develop a methodology for calculating the maximum allowable depth of defects on the steel billet surface depending on the requirements placed on the surface quality of hot-rolled steel. Results. A simplified method of calculation, allowing at the rated depth of defects on the surface of the hot-rolled steel to make operatively calculation of the maximum allowable depth of surface defects of steel billets before heating the metal in the heat deformation was developed. The findings shows that the maximum allowable depth of surface defects is reduced with increasing diameter rolled steel, reducing the initial section steel billet and degrees of oxidation of the metal in the heating furnace.
Features application of a construction method «up – down» in the
high-rise buildings construction
- Authors: Y. I. Zaiats
  Pages: 64 - 69
  Abstract: Formulation of the problem. The present level of construction technology development enhances the choice relevance of the most efficient organizational and technological solutions of high-rise buildings construction. Execution of construction works is associated with many conditions, which greatly complicate their production, which in turn can lead to an actual cost increase of contractors to perform the whole complex of construction works. The process of high-rise buildings construction has specific differences, especially in terms of construction technology and organization, construction-related in conditions of the functioning structures of large cities and the existing infrastructure, the account of which will neutralize or localize the negative impact of destabilizing factors. Therefore, the design of high-rise construction organizations need to consider the influence of various destabilizing factors and implement the most efficient and modern construction methods.Goal. Determination of features and advantages of the method “up – down” in high-rise buildings construction in dense urban areas.Conclusion. Improving of the design solutions efficiency of high-rise buildings construction and their implementation, especially, time and cost reducing of construction, can be achieved by applying the construction method of the “top - down”, which requires a higher organization of labor, the use of appropriate construction machinery, equipping and instrumentation, high requirements for health and safety.
Analytical and scientific review of projects and programmes on changes
strategy implementation
- Authors: V. R. Mlodetskyy, O. M. Andriushchenko, Ya. Ya. Kobenec, Yu. V. Spektor
  Pages: 70 - 79
  Abstract: Formulation of the problem. Sustainable and successful functioning of the organization in today's competitive market conditions is possible if the organization is an open dynamic system capable of timely and adequately adapt to changes in the environment, this organization should initiate the implementation of innovations, both in production and organizational structure. Most suited for these conditions are project-oriented organizations, when the program's development strategy is developed with a detailed individual relatively independent stages, which are implemented as part of projects. In accordance with the development and improvement of the organization of control systems in the direction of increasing emphasis on the development strategy in relation to operating activities is an important task.Goal and tasks. Explore the hierarchical control system of project-oriented organization towards establishing information flows combine program management system with project management subsystems, included in this program.Conclusions. Concretized the concept of “program” and “project” as a result assumed that the program management is a permanent process in the organization that is adaptable to external changes, and project management (as defined) is temporary, so the project management structure are subject to program management structures and are not permanent in the organization's management system.
Technology of repairing operational suitability bitumen-ruberoid carpet
- Authors: K. M. Mishuk
  Pages: 80 - 84
  Abstract: Raising of problem. In the article is presented the analysis of the existing technologies for the restoration of the operational usability of bitumen-polymeric carpet, which allowed to identify their disadvantages, suggested ways to solve problems and highlighted the results of the studies. Firstly, existing bitumen-ruberoid carpet has a residual hydro insulating capacity that can be effectively used. Secondly, the physical condition of the repaired carpet has different types of defects and damage without the proper removal of which is difficult to ensure the desired outcome. The applying of additional layers in conditions of moistening of the lower layers and other defects contributes to their conservation and accelerated loss of operational integrity.Removal of these impacts can be up to 40–50 % of all work, can not provide the required effectiveness outcomes in terms of durability, reliability and cost. Therefore the problem is to find ways to achieve a longer after repairing operation with simultaneous reduction of consumables indicators.Purpose of the study is to develop technological solutions serviceability restoration of roofing using unrolling technologies on the principles to minimize the impact of negative factors and the maximum possible use and strengthen the remaining hydro potential of the insulating coating through the use of special impregnating – saturating compositions. Features such compositions are based on the ability to deeply penetrate the thick bitumen-ruberoid carpet and restore his lost components and provide increased water resistance.
Creative activities and prospects of architectural workshop
«Dol'nik and Kо»
- Authors: G. P. Yevseieva, A. G. Peretokin, O. D. Zhak
  Pages: 85 - 99
  Abstract: Formulation of the problem. In April 2015 the Parliament of Ukraine has adopted the law on the condemnation of the communist and Nazi regimes. In general, under the Law of Ukraine “On the condemnation of Communist and National Socialist (Nazi) totalitarian regimes in Ukraine and the prohibition of propaganda of their symbols” in the city Dnipro (former Dnipropetrovsk) 300 place names of the streets, avenues, squares, parks and gardens were changed. The street named after Shaumyan – revolutionary, one of the 26 Baku Commissars – was in this list and it was named after architect Dolnik – founder and creative director of the Complex architectural studio “Dolnik and Kо” which was founded in 1989. The main direction of the company is construction of the central historical part of the city Dnipro. The company has a numerous staff of architects and engineers, the number of them is 90 employees. The sphere of design is large civil objects, houses, offices and shopping centers. Workshop made the design and construction of objects that were acknowledged inUkraine and abroad.Purpose of the article is the analysis of creativity of Alexander Dolnik, activities and prospects of the architectural studio “Dolnik and K°”.Conclusion. Alexander Teodorovich Dolnik died, but his workshop took tens and even hundreds of projects of the commercial development of the central part of the city Dnipro. In addition, he is the owner of such prestigious awards. as an “Architectural triumph” in 2005 and the State Prize in 2013. He passed away as a triumpher. A. Dolnik was a true professional, who led the project from the beginning to the last point in its documentation. Now none of his projects is postponed.
The investigation of the factors which lead to the destruction of orthodox
church buildings and their parts
- Authors: V. V. Lykhohrai
  Pages: 100 - 107
  Abstract: Problem Statement. The main characteristic of the buildings, including Orthodox churches, is a reliability index. It depends on the service condition and includes reliability, durability, effective age of a structure and suitability of buildings and their separate elements to repairs [4; 10]. Despite the fact that the greatest losses Ukrainian architectural heritage have suffered from the policy of the communist regime and utilitarian, equally important factor was the low cultural standard of living. A number of lost churches as a result of neglect and "unconscious vandalism" is equal to the losses that were caused by the First and Second World Wars [2; 9]. As a result of the increase, the intensity of the adverse factors impact on Orthodox churches building their reliability is reduced. Since the dominant number of scientific publications dealing with technical condition and methods of restoration only for particular buildings, it is still no common data on the primary cause of the destruction of Orthodox churches. The main unexplored issues include the following: 1) what kinds of structural destructions have a mass character; 2) what kinds of what factors have a critical role in reducing building reliability index; 3) what are the main causes of the loss of interior decoration of churches. Research in this area will help to prioritize the development of constructive and technological solutions for the restoration of Ukrainian sacral architectural heritage.The purpose of the article. To identify factors which have the most impact on the durability of supporting structures of stone Orthodox churches (including which were built before 1917) and preserve their interior decoration on the basis of the expert survey.Conclusion. According to the results of expert evaluation and calculations, found that: cupolas, vaults (domes) and vertical bearing structures suffered the most significant losses; the main destructive factors of Orthodox churches can be considered disturbance of building structural scheme of the building, disturbance of service condition, temperature and humidity condition; mistakes in the design and construction of churches caused minimal loss of Orthodox church (due to the fact that churches are considered those that have survived).