Abstract: The sudden rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, or Daesh in Arabic) in 2014 thrust the Yazidi religious minority from relative obscurity to global recognition. The Yazidis were by no means the only victims of atrocities in Iraq's Kurdish Region; the Assyrian Christians, Shia Turkmen, Kakai, and Shabak minorities1 as well as ideologically-opposed Sunnis were also the targets of ISIL's violent fanaticism. Branded as mushrikūn (polytheists and idol worshippers) in the Jihadi-Salafist ideology, however, ISIL targeted the Yazidi community for annihilation, by committing atrocities reminiscent of the darkest pages of history. The Shingal Mountains (also known as Sinjar Mountains in Arabic), over 100 ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: The adoption in 2008 and the coming into force on 5 May 2013 of the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (OP-ICESCR or OP)1 was a historic development in advancing accountability under international human rights law for violations of economic, social, and cultural rights.2 Despite forming an integral part of the International Bill of Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR, or the Covenant)3 has not enjoyed parity in respect of its accountability mechanisms with its sister Covenant, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR).4 In particular, the ICESCR did not provide for an individual communications ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves.Human rights is a popular concept increasingly used to frame social and political issues and guide social movements.1 Although the compatibility of Islam and international human rights norms are often questioned, the notion of human rights continues to resonate in Muslim-majority countries.2 Arguing that human rights "often are given impetus from the ground up,"3 Anthony Tirado Chase references several movements within the Muslim world that have invoked human rights, including the Palestinian liberation, Islamism, women's rights, and the Arab Spring.4 While the immediate target of the Arab Spring protests was their countries' ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: The numbers are staggering. Worldwide, approximately two billion individuals are of menstruating age and as many as 300 million will have their period on any given day.1 Those who menstruate will spend, on average, 3500 days of their lives bleeding2 and, in the United States, those fortunate enough to have the resources can find themselves spending more than $3000 in a lifetime buying menstrual products.3 Despite the ubiquity of the experience, menstruation remains a rarely discussed topic, an experience shrouded in secrecy, a subject that is taboo in many parts of the world. Period stigma has deep roots in religious, philosophical, and cultural traditions, and its manifestations vary from place to place, but ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: In 2005, Philip Alston published an article which also carried the title of "Ships Passing in the Night."1 In this article, he analyzed the state of the human rights and development debate through the lens of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Alston reached the conclusion that even though both agendas were heading in the same direction, neither communities embraced the linkages and opportunities.2 Alston, recognizing that the MDG project was of major relevance for human rights, called upon the human rights community to engage more effectively with the development agenda.3 Ten years later, the United Nations General Assembly adopted Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development, the current most prominent ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Thirty years ago, Amnesty International (AI) launched its most ambitious and innovative human rights campaign ever. Through the medium of celebrity rock musicians, the Human Rights Now! (HRN) Tour took the message of global human rights to fifteen countries in twenty concerts spread over six weeks with a total audience of one million people (See Appendix 1). An estimated one billion people in over sixty countries watched a three-hour broadcast on 10 December 1988, Human Rights Day.1 Commemorating the Fortieth Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the campaign had five major objectives. First, to show that people everywhere support human rights. Second, to protect people in all countries ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Over the last two decades human rights education (HRE) has flourished in many different contexts and parts of the world. The United Nations, for example, sponsored the 1995–2005 Decade of Human Rights Education1 and followed it with another, decade-long, UN World Programme for Human Rights Education.2 During this period, many governmental and non-governmental organizations developed HRE programs.3 This extensive engagement with HRE raises several questions related to its epistemological4 and pedagogical foundations and its subsequent evolution between 1995 and 2017. In particular for this essay, how has HRE evolved since 1995, and what lessons can be learnt from the experience of implementing HRE thus far'Across ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: There is not one single Asian, African, Arab, or Latin American perspective on human rights. Joanne Bauer distinguishes two broad types of societal perspectives: first, a cultural nationalism that is often tied to, and manipulated by, governments and the second, the so-called "activist-intellectual perspective."2 This second group of perspectives—whose representatives are outside of the West—focuses its energies on two areas: "to look within their cultures for values and practices that resonate with the current human rights regime; and second, to attempt to enrich the current international rights regimes with values and practices" extracted from their particular cultural norms, which may also resonate with the ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: The mainstream anti-violence movement in the United States regularly addresses gender-based violence in a variety of contexts: intimate partner violence, acquaintance rape, stranger rape, campus sexual assault, domestic and international sex trafficking, even sexual assault in the armed forces. Rarely, however, are conversations about gender-based violence situated in the context of armed conflict. The United States has been perpetually at war since 2001, but, because that conflict has not occurred on US soil, the gender-based violence related to that conflict has largely been shielded from public scrutiny. The US anti-violence movement has not been terribly involved in interrogating violence connected with ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: On the day that I began writing this review, the mercurial president of the United States announced, by way of social media, two abrupt shifts on policy decisions that held grave implications for thousands of people: a temporary delay on the mass raids of undocumented immigrant families by Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials in the United States and a hold on retaliatory airstrikes against the nation of Iran for its attack on a US military drone.1 It would seem the American public, and possibly the rest of the world, has acclimated itself to the "new normal" of such dramatic swings, awaiting the next Twitter storm of abuse and outrage as the executive branch of the US government continues to rule with ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Are human rights losing their ideological grip on citizens, activists, policymakers, and institutions world-wide' Human Rights Transformation in Practice seeks to answer this question in an edited volume that insists on the continued relevance of human rights in the face of increasing global economic disparity; accusations that Western ideology remains mired in its colonial past; and rising nationalism in countries around the world. Throughout this book, anthropologists, sociologists, legal scholars, and human rights experts use case studies to illustrate the different ways in which human rights travel and transform, revealing the varying degrees of success of human rights rhetoric around the world. Editors Tine ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Noura Erakat aims to explain how international law has played a role in shaping the Israel-Palestine conflict and to project how international law may be relevant to potential resolution.Justice for Some: Law and the Question of Palestine1 focuses on recent years. As a preface, Erakat traces critical junctures in the early development of the conflict. Erakat begins with an explanation of Zionism, the project conceived at the turn of the twentieth century that sought the backing of European governments to establish a Jewish state in Palestine.2 She poses Zionism as colonial in character and then she quotes the famous statement of Theodor Herzl, a founder of Zionism, to Cecil Rhodes, who had organized a colony ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Manfred Nowak is one of the world's leading experts on human rights, a wellpublished scholar frequently appointed to high-level advisory and investigative positions. As the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment from 2004 to 2010,1 he led factfinding missions to eighteen countries spread across the world's major regions. These visits, alongside observations of his own country of Austria, become the case studies for a book—excellently translated by Roger Kaminker—devoted to answering the questions of why torture persists and how we can end it. Afforded access unavailable to other scholars and practitioners, Nowak provides a gripping and insightful ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: We live in a time of anxiety and pessimism about the future of human rights as a global project. In recent years, doomsayers have foretold the "endtimes" and the "twilight" of human rights.1 Critics have asserted that human rights treaties do not make a meaningful difference; that human rights are a "powerless companion" to rising inequality; that the human rights movement is a thinly veiled attempt by the Global North to impose its values on the Global South; and, on the whole, that the human rights movement is "still part of the problem."2 With atavistic projects of authoritarianism, nationalism, populism, and fundamentalism on the rise, high-profile practitioners have expressed their own despair, warning that ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: North Korean Human Rights: Activists and Networks1 collects twelve essays on the transnational non-governmental efforts to promote human rights in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK or North Korea). The core chapters are descriptions of the North Korean human rights activist movements in South Korea, Japan, the United States, and Western Europe. Other chapters examine the outreach of North Korean refugees now living in South Korea (commonly called "defectors" there),2 efforts to get information about the outside world into North Korea, NGO (nongovernmental organization) efforts at the United Nations, and North Korea's efforts to respond to the accusations and advocacy directed against its human rights ... Read More Keywords: Haynes, Dina Francesca,; Cahn, Naomi,; Valji, Nahla,; Discourse analysis, Literary; Merry, Sally Engle,; Palestine; United Nations.; Human rights; Chubb, Danielle, PubDate: 2020-02-02T00:00:00-05:00
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