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 National Academy Science Letters   [SJR: 0.203]   [H-I: 9]   [5 followers]  Follow         Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)    ISSN (Print) 0250-541X - ISSN (Online) 2250-1754    Published by Springer-Verlag  [2352 journals]
• Fuzzy Based Detection of Malicious Activity for Security Assessment of
MANET
• Authors: Dhananjay Bisen; Sanjeev Sharma
Abstract: Wireless MANET is particularly vulnerable due to its fundamental characteristics such as open medium, dynamic topology, distributed cooperation, congestion, energy constrained, variable capacity links and security. Due to security vulnerabilities and dynamic nature of network, wireless mobile ad-hoc networks may be unprotected against packet dropping attacks by any unauthorized node. This paper proposes fuzzy based secure architecture (FBSA) for mobile ad-hoc network in which node classification and detection of malicious activity is done through fuzzy detector. After detection of malicious activity, comparative study is performed on various parameters such as packet delivery ratio, average throughput, total packet forwarding and percentage of detection with variation in node speed.
PubDate: 2017-11-13
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0602-1

• First Report of Anastrophyllum lignicola (Anastrophyllaceae,
Marchantiophyta) from Arunachal Pradesh in Eastern Himalaya of India
• Authors: Shuvadeep Majumdar; D. K. Singh
Abstract: Anastrophyllum lignicola Schill & D.G. Long, earlier known only from Bhutan and China, is described for the first time in Indian Bryoflora from subalpine forests of Hotspring–Jachhup in Anjaw district of Arunachal Pradesh in Eastern Himalaya. The species is characterized by ellipsoid, usually 2-celled to sometimes 1-celled, red or purplish red gemmae. The Indian plants of the species have comparatively little stouter stem, smaller leaves and larger gemmae. Key to the Indian species of the genus Anastrophyllum (Spruce) Steph. has been provided.
PubDate: 2017-11-13
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0580-3

• Stokes Flow Through Assemblage of Non-homogeneous Porous Cylindrical
Particles Using Cell Model Technique
• Authors: Ashish Tiwari; Pramod Kumar Yadav; Priyanka Singh
Abstract: The present paper concerns flow through assemblage of non-homogeneous porous cylindrical particles using cell model technique. All four cell model formulations used on hypothetical surface (Happel, Kuwabara, Kvashnin and Mehta-Morse/Cunningham.) and a comparison has been made among them for non-homogeneous porous region. Previously established results have been deduced as special case of our model. Effect of various parameters on hydrodynamic permeability of membrane has been graphically analyzed.
PubDate: 2017-11-13
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0605-y

• Imprecise Vector: The Case of Subnormality
• Authors: Dhruba Das; Hemanta K. Baruah
Abstract: Imprecise vector is a vector containing imprecise elements. An array or a vector $$X=(X_{1}, X_{2},\ldots,X_{n})$$ is an imprecise vector if the elements $$X_{i}, i=1,2,\ldots,n,$$ are imprecise numbers. Two laws of randomness are necessary and sufficient to define a normal law of impreciseness. Based on the method of superimposition of sets, the construction of the membership surface of normal imprecise vector has been developed with reference to probability measure. A normal imprecise vector is a special case of a subnormal imprecise vector in the sense that a subnormal imprecise vector is nothing but a generalized imprecise vector. The method of construction of the membership surface of subnormal imprecise vector with reference to Lebesgue–Stieltjes measure is explained in this paper.
PubDate: 2017-11-13
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0601-2

• Modelling and Forecasting Marine Fish Production in Odisha Using Seasonal
ARIMA Model
• Authors: Rohan Kumar Raman; T. V. Sathianandan; A. P. Sharma; B. P. Mohanty
Abstract: Auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) is one of the most popular models in time series data analysis. In the present study, total marine fish landings (quaterwise) in Odisha during the period 1985–2012 has been analysed to estimate the effect of possible intervention and also for short term forecasting by fitting ARIMA model in two situations: one by accounting for intervention in the model and the other with log transformed data. ARIMA model with log transformed data performed better than the model with intervention component based on Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion of model selection. The model was used to forecast fish landings for the years 2013–2015.
PubDate: 2017-11-08
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0581-2

• An ED-Based Enhanced Energy Efficient Cross Layer Model for Mobile
Wireless Sensor Network
• Authors: Sudhakar Pandey; Deepika Agrawal
Abstract: Present study indicates to improve network performances which use cross-layer approach. Application of transmission power control technique to dynamically adjust transmission power results in significant reduction of energy consumption. Along with this, a weight is calculated by considering ‘ED’, associated with each node to reduce control overhead. ‘E’ stands for energy while ‘D’ stands for degree. Control overhead reduction during route discovery and dynamic adjustment of transmission power improves network performance and reduces energy consumption. The results are compared with popular algorithm which proved that proposed algorithm performs better in terms of efficiency metrics.
PubDate: 2017-11-07
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0591-0

• Inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth Promoting
Rhizobacteria in Modulating Phosphorus Dynamics in Turmeric Rhizosphere
• Authors: Shanti Chaya Dutta; Bijoy Neog
Abstract: Rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) are widely used for their medicinal as well as flavoring properties and in order to concentrate on biological means of promoting turmeric cultivation in Assam, North East India, a greenhouse study was carried out to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi association in modulating soil phosphatase activity and phosphorus uptake by plants. The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alone and in combination with phosphate solubilizing and nitrogen fixing bacteria was assessed on turmeric rhizosphere and treated plants exhibited an enhanced phosphatase activity of 18.11–21.19 µg p-nitrophenol g−1 h−1 at 90 days and 18.33–21.39 µg p-nitrophenol g−1 h−1 at 150 days after planting and then reduced to 13.89–16.60 µg p-nitrophenol g−1 h−1 at the time of harvest i.e. at 210 days after planting as compared to control. Phosphatase activity showed a rapid increase in dual and consortium inoculation in comparison to mono inoculation. A significantly higher available phosphorus concentration (7.10–8.50 mg kg−1 soil) in rhizospheric soil was observed at 90 days after planting in all the treated plants over control. Total phosphorus uptake by plants inoculated with all the treatment types were significantly higher (21.40–26.32 mg plant−1) compared with the control. This study suggests a synergistic interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on phosphorus dynamics in the rhizosphere of turmeric plants.
PubDate: 2017-11-07
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0582-1

• MAP Based V-BLAST Transmission to Improve Network Lifetime in Virtual MIMO
Based Wireless Sensor Networks
• Authors: K. Rajeswari; M. A. Bhagyaveni
Abstract: One of the major issues in wireless sensor network is to reduce the energy consumption and to improve the network lifetime. Present work describes about the maximum a posterior estimate based V-BLAST transmission is used to improve the network life time of energy constrained networks. Here the sensors are randomly distributed and for data transmission V-BLAST method is used. Before transmitting data, the source node has to choose cooperative nodes and at each hop the selection of cooperative nodes is necessary. For proper selection of cooperative nodes, both prior and posterior probabilities are considered. The posterior probability is calculated with the knowledge of prior probability. The prior parameters are residual energy ( $${\text{R}}_{\text{e }}$$ ) and distance ( $${\text{D}}_{\text{t }}$$ ) of the intermediate nodes. The post conditions are channel interference ( $${\text{C}}_{\text{i }}$$ ), delay for transmitting ( $${\text{T}}_{\text{d }}$$ ) data to intermediator node, overload ( $${\text{O}}_{\text{l }}$$ ) at an intermediator node.
PubDate: 2017-11-07
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0578-x

• Stability and Stabilization of Linear Fractional Order Systems with Input
Delay Using Linear Matrix Inequalities
• Authors: Saeed Shakibaie; Saeed Balochian
Abstract: Stability and stabilization of delayed linear fractional order systems with input delay using linear matrix inequalities were considered in the present study. At first, the input delay fractional order system was changed into a free delay fractional order system using an alternate variable. Thereafter, using a state feedback, the systems were turned into a closed loop. Later on, the system stabilization was examined by applying linear matrix inequality theorems and, finally, an example was used to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
PubDate: 2017-11-07
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0598-6

• CPW Fed Dual Notched Band UWB Antenna for Indoor Communication Systems
• Authors: Priyadarshi Suraj; Vibha Rani Gupta; Manish Saxena
Abstract: A co-planar waveguide fed ultra-wideband antenna with dual notches at 4 and 5.4 GHz is proposed. Two modified complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) shaped etched slots on the radiating patch generate the required dual notches. The notch positions are functions of CSRR profile dimensions. In order to improve the pass band characteristics of the proposed structure, defected ground structures (DGS) are introduced, one close to the feed line (lower DGS) and other at the upper corner edge. The structure is small in size measuring 26.75 × 33.5 × 1.6 s mm3.
PubDate: 2017-11-07
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0585-y

• Frullania larjiana S.K. Singh &amp; D.K. Singh, a New Addition to
South Indian Bryoflora
• Authors: A. K. Asthana; Priyanshu Srivastava; Ichha Omar
Abstract: Frullania larjiana S.K. Singh & D.K. Singh has recently been identified from Eastern Ghats region in Tamil Nadu which is a new addition to the Bryoflora of South India. Thus range of distribution of this taxon has been extended from western Himalaya to South India. The species was earlier known from western Himalaya (Himachal Pradesh) by its circumscription only and was considered as endemic to that area.
PubDate: 2017-11-07
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0583-0

• Plant Emergence and t 50 Responses of Two Chickpea Cultivar Differing in
Seed Coat Colour to PEG-Osmopriming at Sub-optimal Temperature
• Authors: Amrit Lamichaney; P. K. Katiyar
Abstract: The effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) priming on seedling emergence was assessed in two cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) differing in testa colour (Kripa-light coloured; DCP 92-3-yellowish brown) at optimal (20 °C) and sub optimal (14 and 30 °C) temperatures using sterilized sand and soil as substrate. PEG primed seeds performed better in sand. In soil, primed Kripa seeds failed to emerge at sub optimal temperatures while unprimed seeds emerged at all temperatures. DCP 92-3 was able to maintain the emergence as that of sand at all temperature but reduced significantly in terms of final emergence and time to reach 50% germination (t50) following osmopriming. Such contrasting performance of osmoprimed seeds in sand and soil may be attributed to decrease in seed tannin content following PEG osmopriming. Kripa and DCP 92-3 had a seed tannin content of 206.4 ± 2.2 and 550 ± 2.2 mg/100 g seed fresh weight respectively, which was reduced to 101.6 ± 2.6 and 394.7 ± 6.1 mg/100 g seed fresh weight following priming. The result suggests using of cultivars with high tannin content when sowing has to be done at sub optimal temperatures.
PubDate: 2017-11-07
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0599-5

• Stigmatic Movement Promotes Cross Pollination in Rheum webbianum Royle: An
Important Endemic Medicinal Plant of Kashmir Himalaya
• Authors: Aijaz Hassan Ganie; Bilal Ahmad Tali; Zafar A. Reshi; Irshad A. Nawchoo
Abstract: Rheum webbianum Royle is an important endemic medicinal plant species growing in Western Himalaya. The plant species has been categorized as vulnerable in this region. Keeping in view its medicinal importance and the threatened nature, the present study has been carried out to understand its breeding behavior which may prove helpful in the conservation and sustainable use of this important medicinal plant. The unique movement of stigmas avoids self-pollination in the species. In addition, protandry and high pollen/ovule ratio also favours cross pollination in the species. The species has adapted to the cross pollination in order to generate the genetic variability to withstand the harsh environmental conditions in alpines where the species grows. This genetic variability is maintained by vegetative reproduction through rhizomes.
PubDate: 2017-11-04
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0579-9

• Autophagy: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine’ 16 to the
Intra-Cellular Suicidal Process
• Authors: Aparna Banerjee; Rajib Bandopadhyay
Abstract: Yoshinori Ohsumi from Tokyo Institute of Technology of Japan had received the prestigious Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2016 for discovering the mechanism of cell’s self-eating autophagy, which is remarkable research in itself for cellular suicidal mediated cell recycling.
PubDate: 2017-11-03
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0576-z

• Composition of the Essential Oil of Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels
from Uttarakhand (India)
• Authors: Harish Chandra Andola; S. Zafar Haider; Pramod Singh Negi; Kusum Arunachalam
Abstract: The essential oils from fresh, shade dried and oven dried leaves of Callistemon citrinus were separately hydrodistilled and analyzed by GC and GC–MS in order to determine the variation in occurrence of the constituents. The average yield obtained, ranged from 0.30 to 0.97% and the maximum yield recorded in oven dried leaves was (0.97 ± 0.08%), followed by shade dried (0.52 ± 0.03%) and fresh leaves (0.30 ± 0.03%). Twenty compounds amounting 98.4–99.1% were identified in the oils. Among the essential oil constituents, the major component was identified as 1,8-cineole (87.2, 86.0 and 80.0% in shade dried, oven dried and fresh leaves, respectively). 1,8-Cineole is used for its aromatic properties and as an ingredient in pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
PubDate: 2017-10-12
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0594-x

• Modeling and Performance Analysis of Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects
• Authors: Sandip Bhattacharya; Debaprasad Das; Hafizur Rahaman
Abstract: Attempts have been made to propose a compact resistive model for graphene nanoribbon interconnects. Top-contact (TC-GNR) and side-contact (SC-GNR) GNR interconnects have been modeled. The number of conduction channels, mean free path, and resistance are calculated for different Fermi energies and interconnect widths. Present study showed that the resistance of SC-GNR is ~10× less and delay is ~2–16× less than that of TC-GNR.
PubDate: 2017-10-11
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0572-3

• Protein Content in Silken Webs of Cellar Spiders (Family-Pholcidae):
Effect of Habitat and Senescence
• Authors: Ankita Chaudhary; Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
Abstract: Different class of spiders spin silk to construct different web architectures. Spider’s silk is an extraordinary semi-crystalline biopolymer, which is highly tough and elastic. In the present study we have assessed the total protein content in spider webs produced by young and old cellar spiders (family pholcidae) inhabiting different environments. Data revealed that the total protein content in webs spun by young spiders was higher compared to old spiders of the same spider family. Also, the total protein content in webs spun by garden spiders was significantly higher compared to house spiders of the same spider family.
PubDate: 2017-10-11
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0577-y

• First GLORIA Site in Indian Himalayan Region: Towards Addressing Issue of
Long-Term Data Deficiency in the Himalaya
• Authors: K. Chandra Sekar; R. S. Rawal; Aniket Chaudhery; Aseesh Pandey; Gajendra Rawat; Omesh Bajapai; Bhaskar Joshi; Kapil Bisht; Brij Mohan Mishra
Abstract: Under changing climate scenario, the need for Long-term Ecological Monitoring is well recognized for climate sensitive alpine environments in the Himalaya. Present study briefly describe the outcome of the attempt made for establishing first site of Global Observation Research Initiative in Alpine Environments in Uttarakhand, India. Base line on plant diversity (121 species) across observational sites (4 summits) has been prepared for comparison and detecting changes in vegetation diversity in future.
PubDate: 2017-10-11
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0584-z

• Improved Variants of Gravitational Search Algorithm Based on
“Best-so-Far” Updating Mechanism
• Authors: Amarjeet Singh; Kusum Deep
Abstract: Gravitational Search Algorithm is a memory-less nature inspired optimization technique which keeps a record of the position of the “best- so- far” particle during the current as well as populations during previous iterations. The “best-so-far” particle or Lbest particle may not be the same as the best particle of the current population. With an objective to enhance the exploration of GSA, in this paper, three natural updating mechanisms of “best-so-far” particle are used to design three new variants of GSA, called IGSA-1, IGSA-2 and IGSA-3. The experiments are performed on a set of 23 benchmarks problems, divided into three category of problems. Based on the numerical analysis of results it is concluded that the overall performance of IGSA-1 is better than others on scalable unimodal function for 30 dimensional problems and low dimensional multimodal functions, whereas the performance of IGSA-3 is better than others on scalable multimodal functions having 30 dimension.
PubDate: 2017-10-11
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0575-0

• Root Phenotyping of Two Soybean ( Glycine max L.) Cultivars in a Vertisol
of Central India
• Authors: Nishant K. Sinha; M. Mohanty; J. Somasundaram; K. M. Hati; R. S. Chaudhary; Ashok K. Patra
Abstract: The root system architecture (RSA) is a highly plastic trait and in evitable for plant growth because of its role in water and nutrient acquisition. Soybean, an important economic leguminous crop of India, but its RSA is largely unknown. The RSA of two popular soybean cultivars grown in central India viz., JS-335 and JS-9560 was investigated to compare their root phenotype in a clay soil under laboratory condition. It has been observed that root length, root surface area and root volume of JS-9560 were significantly higher than that of JS-355; whereas root diameter of JS-9560 was significantly lower compared to JS-335. Further, in JS-9560, number of nodes, primary roots, secondary roots, length of primary roots and secondary roots were 17, 8, 20, 24 and 16% higher than JS-335. Primary and secondary root insertion angle was observed to be 33 and 11% narrower in JS-9560 than in JS-335. Based on the findings, JS-9560 showed superior RSA over JS-335 and thus, the cultivar may be consider for further physiological and molecular studies for its adaptability to moisture stress condition.
PubDate: 2017-10-11
DOI: 10.1007/s40009-017-0588-8

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