for Journals by Title or ISSN for Articles by Keywords help

Publisher: Springer-Verlag   (Total: 2335 journals)

 AStA Advances in Statistical Analysis   [SJR: 0.681]   [H-I: 15]   [2 followers]  Follow         Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)    ISSN (Print) 1863-818X - ISSN (Online) 1863-8171    Published by Springer-Verlag  [2335 journals]
• How risky is the optimal portfolio which maximizes the Sharpe ratio?
• Authors: Taras Bodnar; Taras Zabolotskyy
Pages: 1 - 28
Abstract: Abstract In this paper, we investigate the properties of the optimal portfolio in the sense of maximizing the Sharpe ratio (SR) and develop a procedure for the calculation of the risk of this portfolio. This is achieved by constructing an optimal portfolio which minimizes the Value-at-Risk (VaR) and at the same time coincides with the tangent (market) portfolio on the efficient frontier which is related to the SR portfolio. The resulting significance level of the minimum VaR portfolio is then used to determine the risk of both the market portfolio and the corresponding SR portfolio. However, the expression of this significance level depends on the unknown parameters which have to be estimated in practice. It leads to an estimator of the significance level whose distributional properties are investigated in detail. Based on these results, a confidence interval for the suggested risk measure of the SR portfolio is constructed and applied to real data. Both theoretical and empirical findings document that the SR portfolio is very risky since the corresponding significance level is smaller than 90 % in most of the considered cases.
PubDate: 2017-01-01
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-016-0270-3
Issue No: Vol. 101, No. 1 (2017)

• Nonlinear surface regression with dimension reduction method
• Authors: Takuma Yoshida
Pages: 29 - 50
Abstract: Abstract This paper considers nonlinear regression analysis with a scalar response and multiple predictors. An unknown regression function is approximated by radial basis function models. The coefficients are estimated in the context of M-estimation. It is known that ordinary M-estimation leads to overfitting in nonlinear regression. The purpose of this paper is to construct a smooth estimator. The proposed method in this paper is conducted by a two-step procedure. First, the sufficient dimension reduction methods are applied to the response and radial basis functions for transforming the large number of radial bases to a small number of linear combinations of the radial bases without loss of information. In the second step, a multiple linear regression model between a response and the transformed radial bases is assumed and the ordinary M-estimation is applied. Thus, the final estimator is also obtained as a linear combination of radial bases. The validity and an asymptotic study of the proposed method are explored. A simulation and data example are addressed to confirm the behavior of the proposed method.
PubDate: 2017-01-01
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-016-0271-2
Issue No: Vol. 101, No. 1 (2017)

• A formal framework for hedonic elementary price indices
• Authors: Hans Wolfgang Brachinger; Michael Beer; Olivier Schöni
Abstract: Abstract Hedonic methods are considered state of the art for handling quality changes when compiling consumer price indices. The present article proposes first a mathematical description of characteristics and of elementary aggregates. In a following step, a hedonic econometric model is formulated and hedonic elementary population indices are defined. We emphasise that population indices are unobservable economic parameters that need to be estimated by suitable sample indices. It is shown that within the framework developed here, many of the hedonic index formulae used in practice are identified as sample versions corresponding to particular hedonic elementary population indices. The article closes with an empirical part on quarterly housing data where the considered hedonic indices are estimated along with their bootstrapped confidence intervals. It is shown that the computed confidence intervals together with the results from theory suggest a particular answer to the price index problem.
PubDate: 2017-02-22
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-017-0293-4

• A mixture latent variable model for modeling mixed data in heterogeneous
populations and its applications
• Authors: Leila Amiri; Mojtaba Khazaei; Mojtaba Ganjali
Abstract: Abstract Latent variable models are widely used for jointly modeling of mixed data including nominal, ordinal, count and continuous data. In this paper, we consider a latent variable model for jointly modeling relationships between mixed binary, count and continuous variables with some observed covariates. We assume that, given a latent variable, mixed variables of interest are independent and count and continuous variables have Poisson distribution and normal distribution, respectively. As such data may be extracted from different subpopulations, consideration of an unobserved heterogeneity has to be taken into account. A mixture distribution is considered (for the distribution of the latent variable) which accounts the heterogeneity. The generalized EM algorithm which uses the Newton–Raphson algorithm inside the EM algorithm is used to compute the maximum likelihood estimates of parameters. The standard errors of the maximum likelihood estimates are computed by using the supplemented EM algorithm. Analysis of the primary biliary cirrhosis data is presented as an application of the proposed model.
PubDate: 2017-02-21
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-017-0294-3

• Species occupancy estimation and imperfect detection: shall surveys
continue after the first detection?
• Authors: Gurutzeta Guillera-Arroita; José J. Lahoz-Monfort
Abstract: Abstract Species occupancy, the proportion of sites occupied by a species, is a state variable of interest in ecology. One challenge in its estimation is that detection is often imperfect in wildlife surveys. As a consequence, occupancy models that explicitly describe the observation process are becoming widely used in the discipline. These models require data that are informative about species detectability. Such information is often obtained by conducting repeat surveys to sampling sites. One strategy is to survey each site a predefined number of times, regardless of whether the species is detected. Alternatively, one can stop surveying a site once the species is detected and reallocate the effort saved to surveying new sites. In this paper we evaluate the merits of these two general design strategies under a range of realistic conditions. We conclude that continuing surveys after detection is beneficial unless the cumulative probability of detection at occupied sites is close to one, and that the benefits are greater when the sample size is small. Since detectability and sample size tend to be small in ecological applications, our recommendation is to follow a strategy where at least some of the sites continue to be sampled after first detection.
PubDate: 2017-02-17
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-017-0292-5

• Empirical phi-divergence test statistics for the difference of means of
two populations
• Authors: N. Balakrishnan; N. Martín; L. Pardo
Abstract: Abstract Empirical phi-divergence test statistics have demostrated to be a useful technique for the simple null hypothesis to improve the finite sample behavior of the classical likelihood ratio test statistic, as well as for model misspecification problems, in both cases for the one population problem. This paper introduces this methodology for two-sample problems. A simulation study illustrates situations in which the new test statistics become a competitive tool with respect to the classical z test and the likelihood ratio test statistic.
PubDate: 2017-02-13
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-017-0289-0

• Box–Cox symmetric distributions and applications to nutritional data
• Authors: Silvia L. P. Ferrari; Giovana Fumes
Abstract: Abstract We introduce and study the Box–Cox symmetric class of distributions, which is useful for modeling positively skewed, possibly heavy-tailed, data. The new class of distributions includes the Box–Cox t, Box–Cox Cole-Green (or Box–Cox normal), Box–Cox power exponential distributions, and the class of the log-symmetric distributions as special cases. It provides easy parameter interpretation, which makes it convenient for regression modeling purposes. Additionally, it provides enough flexibility to handle outliers. The usefulness of the Box–Cox symmetric models is illustrated in a series of applications to nutritional data.
PubDate: 2017-02-13
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-017-0291-6

• Minimum volume confidence sets for parameters of normal distributions
• Authors: Jin Zhang
Abstract: Abstract Under a proper restriction, we establish the minimum volume confidence set (interval and region) for parameter of any normal distribution. Compared with classical methods, the proposed confidence region is proved to be the best with minimum area, for whatever confidence level, sample size and sample data.
PubDate: 2017-02-08
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-017-0290-7

• Fourier methods for analyzing piecewise constant volatilities
• Authors: Max Wornowizki; Roland Fried; Simos G. Meintanis
Abstract: Abstract We develop procedures for testing whether a sequence of independent random variables has constant variance. If this is fulfilled, the modulus of a Fourier-type transformation of the volatility process is identically equal to one. Our approach takes advantage of this property considering a canonical estimator for the modulus under the assumption of piecewise identically distributed zero mean observations. Using blockwise variance estimation, we introduce several test statistics resulting from different weight functions. All of them are given by simple explicit formulae. We prove the consistency of the corresponding tests and compare them to alternative procedures on extensive Monte Carlo experiments. According to the results, our proposals offer fairly high power, particularly in the case of multiple structural breaks. They also allow for an adequate estimation of the change point positions. We apply our procedure to gold mining data and also briefly discuss how it can be modified to test for the stationarity of other distributional parameters.
PubDate: 2017-02-03
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-017-0288-1

• A defence of subjective fiducial inference
• Authors: Russell J. Bowater
Abstract: Abstract This paper defends the fiducial argument. In particular, an interpretation of the fiducial argument is defended in which fiducial probability is treated as being subjective and the role taken by pivots in a more standard interpretation is taken by what are called primary random variables, which in fact form a special class of pivots. The resulting methodology, which is referred to as subjective fiducial inference, is outlined in the first part of the paper. This is followed by a defence of this methodology arranged in a series of criticisms and responses. These criticisms reflect objections that are often raised against standard fiducial inference and incorporate more specific concerns that are likely to exist with respect to subjective fiducial inference. It is hoped that the responses to these criticisms clarify the contribution that a system of fiducial reasoning can make to statistical inference.
PubDate: 2017-01-24
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-016-0285-9

• From distance sampling to spatial capture–recapture
• Authors: David L. Borchers; Tiago A. Marques
Abstract: Abstract Distance sampling and capture–recapture are the two most widely used wildlife abundance estimation methods. capture–recapture methods have only recently incorporated models for spatial distribution and there is an increasing tendency for distance sampling methods to incorporated spatial models rather than to rely on partly design-based spatial inference. In this overview we show how spatial models are central to modern distance sampling and that spatial capture–recapture models arise as an extension of distance sampling methods. Depending on the type of data recorded, they can be viewed as particular kinds of hierarchical binary regression, Poisson regression, survival or time-to-event models, with individuals’ locations as latent variables and a spatial model as the latent variable distribution. Incorporation of spatial models in these two methods provides new opportunities for drawing explicitly spatial inferences. Areas of likely future development include more sophisticated spatial and spatio-temporal modelling of individuals’ locations and movements, new methods for integrating spatial capture–recapture and other kinds of ecological survey data, and methods for dealing with the recapture uncertainty that often arise when “capture” consists of detection by a remote device like a camera trap or microphone.
PubDate: 2017-01-10
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-016-0287-7

• Strong and weak consistency of LS estimators in the EV regression model
• Authors: Xuejun Wang; Yi Wu; Shuhe Hu
Abstract: Abstract In this paper, the strong laws of large numbers for partial sums and weighted sums of negatively superadditive-dependent (NSD, in short) random variables are presented, especially the Marcinkiewicz–Zygmund type strong law of large numbers. Using these strong laws of large numbers, we further investigate the strong consistency and weak consistency of the LS estimators in the EV regression model with NSD errors, which generalize and improve the corresponding ones for negatively associated random variables. Finally, a simulation is carried out to study the numerical performance of the strong consistency result that we established.
PubDate: 2016-12-22
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-016-0286-8

• Quantile regression in heteroscedastic varying coefficient models
• Authors: Y. Andriyana; I. Gijbels
Abstract: Abstract Varying coefficient models are flexible models to describe the dynamic structure in longitudinal data. Quantile regression, more than mean regression, gives partial information on the conditional distribution of the response given the covariates. In the literature, the focus has been so far mostly on homoscedastic quantile regression models, whereas there is an interest in looking into heteroscedastic modelling. This paper contributes to the area by modelling the heteroscedastic structure and estimating it from the data, together with estimating the quantile functions. The use of the proposed methods is illustrated on real-data applications. The finite-sample behaviour of the methods is investigated via a simulation study, which includes a comparison with an existing method.
PubDate: 2016-11-25
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-016-0284-x

• Prediction model-based kernel density estimation when group membership is
subject to missing
• Authors: Hua He; Wenjuan Wang; Wan Tang
Abstract: Abstract The density function is a fundamental concept in data analysis. When a population consists of heterogeneous subjects, it is often of great interest to estimate the density functions of the subpopulations. Nonparametric methods such as kernel smoothing estimates may be applied to each subpopulation to estimate the density functions if there are no missing values. In situations where the membership for a subpopulation is missing, kernel smoothing estimates using only subjects with membership available are valid only under missing complete at random (MCAR). In this paper, we propose new kernel smoothing methods for density function estimates by applying prediction models of the membership under the missing at random (MAR) assumption. The asymptotic properties of the new estimates are developed, and simulation studies and a real study in mental health are used to illustrate the performance of the new estimates.
PubDate: 2016-11-19
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-016-0283-y

• A test for the global minimum variance portfolio for small sample and
singular covariance
• Authors: Taras Bodnar; Stepan Mazur; Krzysztof Podgórski
Abstract: Abstract Recently, a test dealing with the linear hypothesis for the global minimum variance portfolio weights was obtained under the assumption of non-singular covariance matrix. However, the problem of potential multicollinearity and correlations of assets constitutes a limitation of the classical portfolio theory. Therefore, there is an interest in developing theory in the presence of singularities in the covariance matrix. In this paper, we extend the test by analyzing the portfolio weights in the small sample case with a singular population covariance matrix. The results are illustrated using actual stock returns and a discussion of practical relevance of the model is presented.
PubDate: 2016-11-17
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-016-0282-z

• Flexible clustering via extended mixtures of common t -factor analyzers
• Abstract: Abstract Mixtures of t-factor analyzers have been broadly used for model-based density estimation and clustering of high-dimensional data from a heterogeneous population with longer-than-normal tails or atypical observations. To reduce the number of parameters in the component covariance matrices, the mixtures of common t-factor analyzers (MCtFA) have been recently proposed by assuming a common factor loading across different components. In this paper, we present an extended version of MCtFA using distinct covariance matrices for component errors. The modified mixture model offers a more appropriate way to represent the data in a graphical fashion. Two flexible EM-type algorithms are developed for iteratively computing maximum likelihood estimates of parameters. Practical considerations for the specification of starting values, model-based clustering, classification of new subject and identification of potential outliers are also provided. We demonstrate the superiority of the proposed methodology by analyzing the Italian wine data and a simulation study.
PubDate: 2016-11-02
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-016-0281-0

• Assessment of vague and noninformative priors for Bayesian estimation of
the realized random effects in random-effects meta-analysis
• Authors: Olha Bodnar; Clemens Elster
Abstract: Abstract Random-effects meta-analysis has become a well-established tool applied in many areas, for example, when combining the results of several clinical studies on a treatment effect. Typically, the inference aims at the common mean and the amount of heterogeneity. In some applications, the laboratory effects are of interest, for example, when assessing uncertainties quoted by laboratories participating in an interlaboratory comparison in metrology. We consider the Bayesian estimation of the realized random effects in random-effects meta-analysis. Several vague and noninformative priors are examined as well as a proposed novel one. Conditions are established that ensure propriety of the posteriors for the realized random effects. We present extensive simulation results that assess the inference in dependence on the choice of prior as well as mis-specifications in the statistical model. Overall good performance is observed for all priors with the novel prior showing the most promising results. Finally, the uncertainties reported by eleven national metrology institutes and universities for their measurements on the Newtonian constant of gravitation are assessed.
PubDate: 2016-10-27
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-016-0279-7

• Smoothed empirical likelihood for quantile regression models with response
data missing at random
• Authors: Shuanghua Luo; Changlin Mei; Cheng-yi Zhang
Abstract: Abstract This paper studies smoothed quantile linear regression models with response data missing at random. Three smoothed quantile empirical likelihood ratios are proposed first and shown to be asymptotically Chi-squared. Then, the confidence intervals for the regression coefficients are constructed without the estimation of the asymptotic covariance. Furthermore, a class of estimators for the regression parameter is presented to derive its asymptotic distribution. Simulation studies are conducted to assess the finite sample performance. Finally, a real-world data set is analyzed to illustrated the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
PubDate: 2016-08-09
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-016-0278-8

• Control charts for multivariate spatial autoregressive models
• Authors: Robert Garthoff; Philipp Otto
Abstract: Abstract This paper deals with spatial detection of changes in model parameters of spatial autoregressive processes. The respective sequential testing problems are formulated. Moreover, we introduce characteristic quantities to monitor means or covariances of multivariate spatial autoregressive processes. Additionally, we also take into account the simultaneous surveillance of the mean vector and the covariance matrix. The aim is to apply control charts, important tools of sequential analysis, to these quantities. The considered control procedures are based on either cumulative sums or exponential smoothing. Further, we illustrate the methodology of statistical process control studying the spectrum of additive colors in a satellite photograph. Via simulation studies, the proposed control procedures are calibrated for a predefined average run length. In addition, we compare the performance of the control procedures considering the out-of-control situation. Eventually, the control charts are applied, and the signals of the different schemes are visualized. The final results are critically discussed.
PubDate: 2016-07-26
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-016-0276-x

• Estimates for cell counts and common odds ratio in three-way contingency
tables by homogeneous log-linear models with missing data
• Authors: Haresh D. Rochani; Robert L. Vogel; Hani M. Samawi; Daniel F. Linder
Abstract: Abstract Missing observations often occur in cross-classified data collected during observational, clinical, and public health studies. Inappropriate treatment of missing data can reduce statistical power and give biased results. This work extends the Baker, Rosenberger and Dersimonian modeling approach to compute maximum likelihood estimates for cell counts in three-way tables with missing data, and studies the association between two dichotomous variables while controlling for a third variable in $$2\times 2 \times K$$ tables. This approach is applied to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. Simulation studies are used to investigate the efficiency of estimation of the common odds ratio.
PubDate: 2016-07-18
DOI: 10.1007/s10182-016-0275-y

JournalTOCs
School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences
Heriot-Watt University
Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
Email: journaltocs@hw.ac.uk
Tel: +00 44 (0)131 4513762
Fax: +00 44 (0)131 4513327

Home (Search)
Subjects A-Z
Publishers A-Z
Customise
APIs