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ISSN (Print) 1361-4916 - ISSN (Online) 1474-0044
Published by Oxford University Press (OUP)

[330 journals]

Introduction
- Authors: Humphries, J; De Moor, T, Zuijderduijn, J.
  Pages: 141 - 146
  PubDate: 2013-04-20T06:09:11-07:00
  DOI: 10.1093/ereh/het006|hwp:master-id:ereh;het006
  Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 2 (2013)
Bargaining for basics? Inferring decision making in nineteenth-century British households from expenditure, diet, stature, and death
- Authors: Horrell, S; Oxley, D.
  Pages: 147 - 170
  Abstract: Did the male breadwinner get more household resources, and if so, why? A dearth of direct information on intra-household processes makes it hard to answer. Instead reliance has to be placed on indirect evidence. Here, we investigate these processes more rigorously. We start by outlining theoretical models of household decision making (unitary, a particular variant of this, the impoverished unitary, and bargaining) and identify how gender bias in various outcomes might manifest itself under each of these scenarios. We then review a range of empirical results to ascertain if they indicate gender bias and how they accord with these alternative scenarios. In particular, we reconsider our own results which identified gender bias through econometric analysis of expenditure data, analyse household nutrition, refer to recent work which has indicated a differential impact of regional dietary patterns on the heights of men and women, report our findings on male and female body mass over the life cycle, and review the literature on differential mortality. These results indicate that household decision making may have resulted from bargaining and, while remunerated work played a role in determining the bargaining positions of men and women, the story was often more complex. Other factors, which affected relative worth, emerge as important.
  PubDate: 2013-04-20T06:09:11-07:00
  DOI: 10.1093/ereh/het003|hwp:master-id:ereh;het003
  Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 2 (2013)
To navigate the family economy over a lifetime: life-cycle squeezes in pre-industrial Swedish towns
- Authors: Lilja, K; Backlund, D.
  Pages: 171 - 189
  Abstract: Studies have shown that children's incomes were important for working-class families during industrialization. We found that, even before industrialization, having children greatly affected the family economy of workers and master artisans. For workers, having children necessitated borrowing, but also made it easier later to pay off debts and accumulate wealth. They seem to have put into practice some sort of "saving through children". For master artisans, running a business generally was a more important determinant of debts and assets over a lifetime, but, as adolescents, children positively affected wealth, probably because they provided cheap and flexible labour in the households and workshops.
  PubDate: 2013-04-20T06:09:11-07:00
  DOI: 10.1093/ereh/het002|hwp:master-id:ereh;het002
  Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 2 (2013)
English individualism and continental altruism? Servants, remittances, and family welfare in eighteenth-century rural Europe
- Authors: Lambrecht; T.
  Pages: 190 - 209
  Abstract: Life-cycle service was one of the characteristic aspects of the European marriage pattern. The majority of the children of labourers and peasants left the households of their parents during adolescence to acquire material resources and skills in preparation for marriage. While in service, adolescents could save part of their wages. As most of them worked in close geographical proximity to their family, children in service were also a potential source of income for their parents. This article studies the nature, frequency, and value of remittances from farm servants to their parents in three countries during the eighteenth century. Important differences emerge from this comparative study. Farm servants in Belgium and France frequently supported their parents from their earnings. In contrast, English labouring households could in most cases not rely on structural assistance from their unmarried adolescent children. I argue that ownership of land is instrumental in explaining these differences. The absence of land that could be passed on by inheritance operated as a check to intergenerational solidarity.
  PubDate: 2013-04-20T06:09:11-07:00
  DOI: 10.1093/ereh/het001|hwp:master-id:ereh;het001
  Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 2 (2013)
Picking winners? The effect of birth order and migration on parental human capital investments in pre-modern England
- Authors: Klemp, M; Minns, C, Wallis, P, Weisdorf, J.
  Pages: 210 - 232
  PubDate: 2013-04-20T06:09:11-07:00
  DOI: 10.1093/ereh/het004|hwp:master-id:ereh;het004
  Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 2 (2013)
Preferences of the poor: market participation and asset management of poor households in sixteenth-century Holland
- Authors: De Moor, T; Zuijderduijn, J.
  Pages: 233 - 249
  Abstract: Our article aims to detect differences in behaviour towards the capital and land market of households of different sizes and levels of income. Participation in markets for real estate, capital, and ships was considerable, not only among middling and elite groups but also among the poor. Large households were most active in markets, incurring significantly greater debt. Poor households with a low supply of labour were relatively active, purchasing houses and ships, and incurring debts, possibly in order to cope with a lack of parental support. Middling-group households with a low supply of labour primarily sold houses and invested in the capital market, adjusting capital assets to declining labour supply at the end of their life cycle, thus creating cash rents to be able to survive old age.
  PubDate: 2013-04-20T06:09:12-07:00
  DOI: 10.1093/ereh/het005|hwp:master-id:ereh;het005
  Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 2 (2013)

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