Authors:Ahmadi M. First page: 441 Abstract: Nowadays, reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere via sequestration in deep saline aquifers is studied by numerous researchers. Solubility of CO2 in reservoir brine is a most important parameter in CO2 sequestration saline aquifers. Owing to the importance of this issue, in this paper different methods based on the concept of artificial intelligence, such as particle swarm optimization (PSO), artificial neural network (ANN) and hybrid approaches, are evolved to specify solubility of CO2 in brine at different conditions. The developed intelligent approaches are examined by comparing with precise actual data reported in previous publications. The results gained from the developed intelligent approaches are contrasted with the corresponding real CO2–brine solubility data. The average relative absolute error between the real and the corresponding model prediction data is found to be less than 1% for the hybrid PSO and genetic algorithm model. PubDate: 2016-11-15 DOI: 10.1093/ijlct/ctv024
Authors:Goshayeshi HR; Chaer I. First page: 455 Abstract: This paper presents the findings from an experimental investigation on the performance effect of magnetic field when applied to oscillating heat pipes (OHPs) using kerosene with Fe2O3 nanoparticles as the working fluid. Two types of OHPs were used in this investigation: copper surface OHP and glass surface OHP. The temperature distribution and heat transfer rate through the OHPs were monitored and recorded with and without the magnetic field. In addition, the effect of surface condition on heat transfer for the copper and glass OHPs was investigated. The results have shown that the heat transfer performance of the OHPs improved with the addition of nanoparticles. This improvement was greatly enhanced by the application of magnetic field especially at the higher heat load regions and was more superior for the copper OHP with Fe2O3 nanofluid. PubDate: 2016-11-15 DOI: 10.1093/ijlct/ctv021
Authors:Ong KS. First page: 460 Abstract: Solar energy is a renewable energy heat source freely and widely available everywhere throughout the year. Heat pipes are very effective and passive heat transfer devices. A solar heat pipe collector performs well at high temperatures. Thermoelectricity could be utilized for power generation and provide cooling and heating. The combination of a solar heat pipe collector with thermoelectric modules could provide a very useful device for simultaneous power generation and hot water heating. Such hybrid systems could offer small, mobile, transportable and off-grid power and heating systems for small-scale industry or domestic applications. This paper reviews some of the works conducted on the solar/heat pipe/thermoelectric hybrid system. PubDate: 2016-11-15 DOI: 10.1093/ijlct/ctv022
Authors:Chen X; Su Y, Omer S, et al. First page: 466 Abstract: A combined power and cooling system is proposed for cogeneration, which integrates the ejector cooling cycle with the Rankine cycle. Low-temperature heat source such as industrial waste heat or solar energy can be used to drive the Rankine cycle. This system will provide electricity and cooling effect simultaneously without consuming primary energy. The partially expanded vapor (from low-grade energy) will be bleed off and enter into ejector's primary nozzle, which achieves cooling effect. Simulations have been carried out to analyze the effects of various working conditions on the overall system performance, on ejector entrainment ratio and turbine power output. Five different refrigerants HFE7100, HFE7000, methanol, ethanol and water have been selected, and the above three parameters were compared, respectively. The simulation results indicated that turbine expansion ratio, heat source temperature, condenser temperature and evaporator temperature play significant roles on the turbine power output, ejector entrainment ratio and the overall thermal efficiency of the system. At a heat source temperature of 120°C, evaporator temperature of 10°C and condenser temperature of 35°C, methanol showed the highest thermal efficiency (0.195), followed by ethanol and water (0.173). It is recommended that the evaporator temperature and the appropriate working fluid should be selected according to the different working cooling requirements, and the turbine power output can then be determined accordingly. PubDate: 2016-11-15 DOI: 10.1093/ijlct/ctv015
Authors:Ramadan OO; Omer SS, Jradi MM, et al. First page: 476 Abstract: Renewable energy systems are considered essential green energy technologies that could replace a considerable proportion of the current fossil fuel-based electricity generation systems; hence the interest in these technologies is on the rise. However, due to the intermittence nature of most of the renewable energy sources, in particular wind and solar, there are major concerns with the large integration of these technologies in many of the current grid systems. This paper presents a parametric analysis of sizing a large-scale energy storage system that may help to stabilize energy supply based on large-scale grid integration in Suez area in Egypt. The system is based on a Compressed Air Energy Storage, which has the ability to accommodate a large volume of energy from large-scale wind energy integration to the Suez electricity grid system. The paper analyses the characteristics of Suez grid system and the expected wind generation, based on the current integration projections. The results show how compressed air energy storage could add value to the installation of large-scale wind farms in the Suez area in Egypt and indicate the technical ability and successful operation of the proposed system under certain circumstances of the Suez weather conditions. PubDate: 2016-11-15 DOI: 10.1093/ijlct/ctv007
Authors:Sahlot M; Riffat SB. First page: 489 Abstract: Desiccant cooling systems have been considered as an efficient method of controlling moisture content in supply air. They do not use any ozone-depleting coolants and consume less energy as compared with the vapour compression systems. This communication provides an extensive review of liquid desiccant systems (LDSs). All the components of an LDS such as dehumidifier, regenerator, packing material and liquid desiccant properties along with its energy storage capabilities have been discussed in detail. In addition, hybrid of LDSs with sensible cooling technologies has been studied. Various types of mathematical models to predict the outlet parameters of the desiccant system and current issues in liquid desiccants have been reviewed in detail. Moreover, solid and other advanced desiccants have also been discussed briefly. Finally, a summary of some successful case studies and economic evaluation of desiccant systems have been given. PubDate: 2016-11-15 DOI: 10.1093/ijlct/ctv032
Authors:Oliveira AC. First page: 506 Abstract: A novel concept for a building façade is presented. The façade uses solar energy to generate electricity, heating or cooling, by combining photovoltaic solar cells with a solar air collector and thermoelectric (TE) heat pumps, into a compact building envelope solution. The generated electricity may be partially or totally used to provide heating or cooling through the use of TE heat pumps. A compact, reliable and easy to install system is foreseen, with competitive costs compared with alternative building polygeneration systems. This system will significantly boost the performance and advantages of existing solar ventilated façades in buildings, contributing to the implementation of nearly Zero Energy Buildings, as required by the coming European building regulations. PubDate: 2016-11-15 DOI: 10.1093/ijlct/ctv020
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