Authors:Andrea H. Okun; Janice P. Watkins, Paul A. Schulte Abstract: BackgroundThere has not been a systematic study of the nature and extent to which business and professional trade associations and labor organizations obtain and communicate workplace safety and health information to their members. These organizations can serve as important intermediaries and play a central role in transferring this information to their members.MethodsA sample of 2294 business and professional trade associations and labor organizations in eight industrial sectors identified by the National Occupational Research Agenda was surveyed via telephone.ResultsA small percent of these organizations (40.9% of labor organizations, 15.6% of business associations, and 9.6% of professional associations) were shown to distribute workplace safety and health information to their members. Large differences were also observed between industrial sectors with construction having the highest total percent of organizations disseminating workplace safety and health information.ConclusionThere appears to be significant potential to utilize trade and labor organizations as intermediaries for transferring workplace safety and health information to their members. Government agencies have a unique opportunity to partner with these organizations and to utilize their existing communication channels to address high risk workplace safety and health concerns. PubDate: 2017-07-31T03:50:27.968696-05: DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22746
Authors:Ebba Wergeland; Finn Gjertsen, Linda Vos, Tom K. Grimsrud Abstract: BackgroundThis study updates information on mortality and cancer morbidity in a cohort of Norwegian talc workers.MethodsFollow-up was extended with 24 years, covering 1953-2011. Comparisons were made with the general population and between subgroups within the cohort.ResultsStandardized mortality ratio for non-malignant respiratory disease (NMRD) was 0.38 (95%CI: 0.18, 0.69) and for diseases of the circulatory system (CVD) 0.98 (95%CI: 0.82, 1.16). A non-significantly increased NMRD risk was observed at high dust exposures. There were no deaths from pneumoconiosis.ConclusionsWith the clear limitations of a small cohort, our results do hint at an effect of talc dust on mortality from NMRD other than pneumoconiosis, covered by a strong and persisting healthy worker effect. Also, an effect on CVD mortality, masked by a healthy worker selection into the cohort cannot be ruled out. Excess mortality from pneumoconiosis seen in other studies, may reflect exposure to quartz and, possibly, bias due to comparability problems. PubDate: 2017-07-26T02:51:21.785906-05: DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22749
Authors:Norihiko Kohyama; Masaaki Fujiki, Takumi Kishimoto, Kenji Morinaga Abstract: The carcinogenicity of short tremolite fibers in human has not been cleared and has been argued hitherto. A lung cancer patient had worked at a gabbro quarry. Particles isolated from the excised lung parenchyma of the patient were measured for asbestos bodies (ABs) and asbestos fibers (AFs). The concentrations of ABs were 3964 AB/g dry lung, and AFs were 5.60 × 106 fibers/g dry lung (>5 um in length) and 22.5 × 106 fibers/g dry lung (>1 um in length). AFs were mostly tremolite fibers and under 7 um in length (mean length 4.0 um, standard deviation 2.8 um). Almost all fibers were PubDate: 2017-07-26T02:50:35.805941-05: DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22748
Authors:Michelle M. Shnayder; Joan E. St Onge, Alberto J. Caban-Martinez Abstract: ObjectivesNapping has known benefits for fatigue mitigation and improved alertness. However the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) New Common Program Requirements recently removed the 16 h work limit for PGY1 residents and removed any suggestions of napping.MethodsWe utilized a cross-sectional study design to administer a 44-item questionnaire in June 2016 to 858 residents and fellows at one large urban academic medical center. We assessed: 1) resident physician sentiment of work environment supportiveness for napping at work; and 2) agreement with 2011 ACGME guidelines on workweek hour limitations and strategic napping recommendations.ResultsWhile 89% of residents reported access to an on-call room at work, only 20% felt their work environment supported a culture of napping while at work. Over 76% expressed agreement with the 2011 ACGME work-hour restrictions.ConclusionsStrategies to support napping and well-being within the resident physician workforce and organizational setting are warranted. PubDate: 2017-07-26T02:46:03.926442-05: DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22743
Authors:Ashley L. Schoenfisch; Hester Lipscomb, Leslie E. Phillips Abstract: IntroductionA rate-based understanding of home care aides’ adverse occupational outcomes related to their work location and care tasks is lacking.MethodsWithin a 30-month, dynamic cohort of 43 394 home care aides in Washington State, injury rates were calculated by aides’ demographic and work characteristics. Injury narratives and focus groups provided contextual detail.ResultsInjury rates were higher for home care aides categorized as female, white, 50 to PubDate: 2017-07-26T02:46:02.481299-05: DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22747
Authors:Nirmalla Barros; Ricky Langley Abstract: BackgroundStudy provides update of national estimates for work-related fatal injuries and non-fatal injuries and illnesses by animals in US.MethodsBetween 2011 and 2014, injuries and illnesses were retrieved from US Department of Labor and were translated to economic losses using National Safety Council estimates.ResultsTotal of 222 fatalities (36% by cattle and other bovines) and 71 460 non-fatal injuries and illnesses (38% by insects, arachnids, mites) were identified from animal sources. For non-fatal injuries and illnesses from primary animal sources, annual incidence rates were 1.5-1.6/10 000 full-time workers and annual median days lost from work were 3-4 days. Work-related costs were $222M for fatalities and $2.8B for non-fatal injuries and illnesses that resulted in at least 1 day lost from work.ConclusionsStudy provides evidence of specific animals contributing to more severe injuries and potential for more severe injuries when there is more than one source of injury. PubDate: 2017-07-05T05:45:51.161375-05: DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22744
Authors:Kristina M. Zierold Abstract: BackgroundSupervisors are partially responsible for ensuring that teens are safe at work. The purpose of this study was to explore whether supervision is related to teens’ willingness to do a dangerous task at work.MethodsA mixed-methods study consisting of focus groups and a cross-sectional survey was conducted with teens from two public high schools.ResultsIf asked by a supervisor, 21% of working teens would do a dangerous task. After controlling for gender and age, teens whose supervisor did not establish weekly goals (AOR = 3.54, 95%CI = 1.55-8.08), teens who perceived their supervisors as not approachable (AOR = 2.35, 95%CI = 1.34-4.13), and teens who were not comfortable talking about safety issues (AOR = 1.97, 95%CI = 1.08-3.61) were more likely to do a dangerous task if asked by their supervisors.ConclusionThis study indicates that how teens perceive their supervisor may be associated with whether teens do a dangerous task when asked by their supervisor. PubDate: 2017-07-05T05:45:46.917244-05: DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22745
Authors:Erika Scott; Erin Bell, Nicole Krupa, Liane Hirabayashi, Paul Jenkins Pages: 811 - 820 Abstract: BackgroundAgriculture and logging are dangerous industries, and though data on fatal injury exists, less is known about non-fatal injury. Establishing a non-fatal injury surveillance system is a top priority. Pre-hospital care reports and hospitalization data were explored as a low-cost option for ongoing surveillance of occupational injury.MethodsUsing pre-hospital care report free-text and location codes, along with hospital ICD-9-CM external cause of injury codes, we created a surveillance system that tracked farm and logging injuries.ResultsIn Maine and New Hampshire, 1585 injury events were identified (2008-2010). The incidence of injuries was 12.4/1000 for agricultural workers, compared to 10.4/1000 to 12.2/1000 for logging workers.ConclusionsThese estimates are consistent with other recent estimates. This system is limited to traumatic injury for which medical treatment is administered, and is limited by the accuracy of coding and spelling. This system has the potential to be both sustainable and low cost. PubDate: 2017-08-02T03:31:01.632161-05: DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22751
Authors:Christian Schikowsky; Michael K. Felten, Christian Eisenhawer, Marco Das, Thomas Kraus Pages: 839 - 839 PubDate: 2017-08-02T03:31:03.103866-05: DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22754
Authors:Nancy Glass; Ginger C. Hanson, W. Kent Anger, Naima Laharnar, Jacquelyn C. Campbell, Marc Weinstein, Nancy Perrin Pages: 840 - 840 PubDate: 2017-08-02T03:31:04.809946-05: DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22755
Authors:Dario Consonni; Sara De Matteis, Angela C. Pesatori, Andrea Cattaneo, Domenico M. Cavallo, Jay H. Lubin, Margaret Tucker, Pier Alberto Bertazzi, Neil E. Caporaso, Sholom Wacholder, Maria Teresa Landi PubDate: 2013-04-23T03:15:46.560867-05: DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22154
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