Pages: 426 - 448 Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Volume 12, Issue 3, Page 426-448, September 2018. Purpose The purpose of this study is to compare the production efficiencies and frontiers differences of oil-producing countries (OPCs) in four inter-governmental organizations (IGOs) in the international petroleum industry with the aim of providing such countries understanding of group characteristics that help maximize their supply interests. Design/methodology/approach The empirical analysis is based on 14 years of panel data covering the period from 2000 to 2013. In all 46 unique countries who are members of four IGOs relevant to the international petroleum industry are examined on individual and group bases. The authors use both metafrontier analysis and global frontier difference in examining the group average and group frontiers, respectively. Findings Groups with high inter and intra-group collaborations which ensure exchange of information, organizational learning and innovation tend to do better than groups with even higher hydro-carbon endowment. Additionally, hydro-carbon resource endowment may not be the solution to group inefficiency without higher endowment in human capital, economic stability, technology and infrastructure. Practical implications Choice of inter-governmental organizational membership should be based on the level of inter- and intra-group collaborations, human capital endowment among others and not mere historic links or even resource endowment. Originality/value This is among the few studies to compare and rank IGOs. Specifically, it is among the first studies to analyze the petroleum production efficiencies of IGOs involved in the international petroleum industry. This study assesses the performance differences among OPCs with the aim of identifying for OPCs the characteristics of inter-governmental groups that are beneficial to efficiency in upstream petroleum activities. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-07-24T11:15:50Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-07-2017-0006
Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to use an index decomposition analysis to investigate the driving forces of China’s CO2 emissions related to fixed asset investments from 2003 to 2015. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses an index decomposition analysis to investigate the driving forces of China’s CO2 emissions related to fixed asset investments from 2003 to 2015. To make policy recommendations, this paper identifies three effects. An approach to calculating energy-relevant CO2 emissions is also presented. Findings The results suggest that the amount of CO2 emissions related to fixed asset investments increased during the entire period. The social and economic effect played a major role in promoting carbon emissions, followed by the fixed asset effect. Therefore, the activity factor was the dominant positive factor, followed by the construction factor. The negative element was the energy effect, in which the energy intensity factor played an important role in reducing emissions, followed by the structural factor. Moreover, the carbon intensity factor might be a potential inhibitory force in reducing carbon emissions. Research/limitations/implications A steady financial policy, relaxed family planning, sustainable urbanization, strategy of innovation-driven development, reform of scientific and technological structures, development of science and technology and exploration of new energy sources are proposed to mitigate carbon emissions from fixed asset investments. The conclusion also provides a reference for developing countries in similar situations. Originality/value This paper uses an index decomposition analysis to investigate the driving forces of China’s CO2 emissions related to fixed asset investments from 2003 to 2015. To make policy recommendations, this paper identifies three effects. An approach to calculating energy-relevant CO2 emissions is also presented. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-09-17T01:02:49Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-10-2017-0015
Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose Australia is one of the ten largest emitters of greenhouse gases but stands out from the others due to its economic growth without recession for 26 consecutive years. This paper aims to focus on the energy-growth nexus and the effects of energy consumption on the environment in Australia. Design/methodology/approach This analysis is performed using annual data from 1965 to 2015 and the autoregressive distributed lag model. Findings The paper finds empirical evidence of a trade-off between economic growth and carbon dioxide (CO2) intensity. The results show that increased gross domestic product (GDP) in Australia increased investment in renewable energy sources (RESs), although the renewable technology is limited and has no impact on reducing CO2 intensity in the long run. In contrast to investment in RES, fossil fuels, coal and oil, are decreased by GDP. However, oil consumption increased renewable energy consumption, and this reflects the pervading effect of the growing economy. Originality/value Overall, this paper contributes to the literature by analysing the behaviour of both energy consumption and the environment on the growing Australian economy. In addition, this paper goes further by studying the impact of economic growth on renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, as well as on CO2 emissions. The study is conducted on a single country for which literature is scarce, using a recent approach and a long time period. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-09-06T12:44:08Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-01-2018-0020
Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose This paper aims to analyze the impact of the relations between the US oil prices, carbon emissions and GDP through the analysis of data between 1983 and 2013. Design/methodology/approach ARIMA, VAR and VEC models are used to establish synthesis integration model. Furthermore, the stability test, cointegration test and Granger causality test of the model were carried out. Findings The results indicate that, in both short and long term, change in oil prices is the reason for change in carbon emissions, while GDP is not the reason for the growth of carbon emissions. Originality/value Increase of oil prices would have a negative impact on carbon emissions, and GDP growth does not lead to an increase in carbon emissions. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-09-06T12:43:07Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-10-2017-0013
Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose This paper aims to investigate the production of sugar cane ethanol in Brazil for the time period 1983-2016, separating the data by geographical location. Design/methodology/approach For this purpose, the authors use techniques based on the concept of fractional integration. Findings The authors show that the data corresponding to the total production is highly persistent, with an integration order smaller than 1 but close to it. In fact, the unit root hypothesis cannot be rejected implying that shocks have a permanent nature, and thus requiring policy measures to recover the level from exogenous shocks. Separating the data into two sub-regions, namely, North–Northeast and Central–South, higher levels of persistence are detected in the latter, while the former presents some evidence of mean reverting behavior, implying that shocks will disappear by themselves in the long run in the former regions. These results are obtained from all the different methods used. Originality/value The originality is based on the time series techniques used in the paper that departs from the classical methods based on unit roots and integer degrees of differentiation. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-08-24T11:58:26Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-05-2017-0004
Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose Energy scenarios have long been successfully used to inform decision-making in energy systems planning, with a wide range of different methodological approaches for developing and evaluating them. The purpose of this study is to analyze the existing approaches and classify them with a morphological box. Design/methodology/approach This paper builds upon the methodological literature on developing and evaluating energy scenarios and presents a morphological box, which comprises parameters describing the scenario properties, (energy system) model properties, scientific practice and institutional settings of energy scenarios. The newly developed morphological box is applied to four selected energy scenarios of the German energy transition. Findings The morphological box is a suitable tool to classify current energy scenarios. The exemplary application also points toward four challenges in the current practice of energy scenario development and evaluation: increasing complexity of decision problems, transparency of the scenario development process, transparency of the decision support process and communication of uncertainty. Originality/value The morphological box of energy scenarios helps researchers soundly document and present their methodological approaches for energy scenario development and evaluation. It also facilitates the work of analysts who want to classify, interpret and compare energy scenarios from a methodological perspective. Finally, it supports the identification of gaps between current practice and the methodological literature on energy scenarios, leading to the development of new types of energy scenarios. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-08-10T08:40:52Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-09-2017-0003
Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop three methods including artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC-ANN), regression and adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to predict the environmental indicators for land leveling and to analysis the sensitivity of these parameters. Design/methodology/approach This paper develops three methods including artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC-ANN), regression and adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to predict the environmental indicators for land leveling and to analysis the sensitivity of these parameters. So, several soil properties such as soil, cut/fill volume, soil compressibility factor, specific gravity, moisture content, slope, sand per cent and soil swelling index in energy consumption were investigated. A total of 90 samples were collected from three land areas with the selected grid size of (20 m × 20 m). Acquired data were used to develop accurate models for labor, energy (LE), fuel energy (FE), total machinery cost (TMC) and total machinery energy (TM). Findings By applying the three mentioned analyzing methods, the results of regression showed that, only three parameters of sand per cent, slope and soil, cut/fill volume had significant effects on energy consumption. All developed models (Regression, ANFIS and ABC-ANN) had satisfactory performance in predicting aforementioned parameters in various field conditions. The adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) has the most capability in prediction according to least RMSE and the highest R2 value of 0.0143, 0.9990 for LE. The ABC-ANN has the most capability in prediction of the environmental and energy parameters with the least RMSE and the highest R2 with the related values for TMC, FE and TME (0.0248, 0.9972), (0.0322, 0.9987) and (0.0161, 0.9994), respectively. Originality/value As land leveling with machines requires considerable amount of energy, optimizing energy consumption in land leveling operation is of a great importance. So, three approaches comprising: ABC-ANN, ANFIS as powerful and intensive methods and regression as a fast and simplex model have been tested and surveyed to predict the environmental indicators for land leveling and determine the best method. Hitherto, only a limited number of studies associated with energy consumption in land leveling have been done. In mentioned studies, energy was a function of the volume of excavation (cut/fill volume). Therefore, in this research, energy and cost of land leveling are functions of all the properties of the land including slope, coefficient of swelling, density of the soil, soil moisture, special weight and swelling index which will be thoroughly mentioned and discussed. In fact, predicting minimum cost of land leveling for field irrigation according to the field properties is the main goal of this research which is in direct relation with environment and weather pollution. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-07-31T10:57:20Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-02-2017-0003
Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose This paper aims to measure the state-level energy efficiency in Indian paper industry and simultaneously explain inter-state variation in efficiency by inefficiency effect model. Three variables, labor productivity, capital intensity and structure of paper industry, are included in inefficiency effect model to assess the likely impact on energy efficiency. Design/methodology/approach Sub-vector input distance function is derived through neo-classical production function which provides measures to estimate energy efficiency. Assuming a translog production function specification, energy efficiency is estimated by using Battese and Coelli (1995) stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). The authors also estimated four other SFA models, and energy efficiency from all the models is compared for robustness checking. Findings The results show the existence of a vast potential to improve energy efficiency. Inefficiency effect model reported a positive impact of structure of the industry and capital intensity on energy efficiency performance, while labor productivity does not have any significant impact on energy efficiency. There exists considerable energy efficiency variation among states. Uttarakhand, Punjab and Orissa are the best performing states while Rajasthan, Jharkhand and Goa have worst energy efficiency performance based on average efficiency. The ranks assigned to states according to inefficiency effects model are found contrary to the simple measure of energy efficiency, i.e. energy intensity. Thus, energy intensity may not always be a good proxy for underlying energy efficiency and need to be compared with a comprehensive possible measure. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study which measures energy efficiency of Indian paper industry through stochastic frontier model using region-level data. Instead of relying on traditional energy efficiency indicators (energy-output ratio), total-factor energy efficiency approach is used to conduct the empirical exercise. Deviations from the frontier because of factors beyond the scope of producers are also incorporated into analysis to portray the magnitude of random factors in influencing the efficiency performance. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-07-31T01:47:36Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-05-2017-0008
Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose Net energy importing countries (NEICs) pursue strategic policies to reduce the consumption of energy from conventional sources and increase that of renewable energy to attain energy security and sustainable development. However, net energy exporting countries (NEECs) rely substantially on the proceeds realised from oil and gas exports to mainly NEICs to finance government activities. This paper aims to investigate the effect of increased consumption of renewable energy in developed NEICs on the Nigeria’s oil and gas exports. Design/methodology/approach The study was undertaken by analysing macro-economic annual time-series data set (1980-2014) using autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. Findings Both the short-run and the long-run results of the ARDL modelling reveal that renewable energy consumption in developed NEICs is affecting Nigeria’s oil and gas exports negatively, thereby causing significant decrease in the amounts of revenue being generated therefrom. Research Limitations/implications Like most empirical studies, the conduct of this research has encountered some challenges. Thus, the use of rather small sample in terms of period covered (1980-2014), annual frequency of data and focus on one NEEC (Nigeria) are the key limitations of this paper. While the first two challenges were dealt with by using ARDL, future research can focus on other NEECs to extend the study. Practical Implications The findings have several policy implications, including the need for Nigeria to focus on developing internal market trajectories to increase domestic utilisation of its conventional energy rather than depending on external markets. The results also suggest the need for public policymakers to develop a strategic plan that will effectively address the external economic threat arising from the influence of global energy transition. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper represents the first effort to empirically examine the effect of renewable energy consumption by developed NEICs on the Nigeria’s oil and gas exports. The paper contributes to the literature by providing insight into and documenting evidence that the world is taking transitioning to cleaner energy sources very seriously. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-07-31T01:42:35Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-11-2017-0010
Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose The development of the Marcellus Shale Play has altered the geography of production in the USA, particularly in the Northeast natural gas market. The purpose of this paper is to examine its impact on an already integrated industry. Design/methodology/approach The authors utilize the methodology of co-integration and focus on the geographic reach of the Marcellus region to examine movements of prices across the upstream, midstream and downstream segments of the industry. Findings The results of this paper indicate that prices across segments remain strongly co-integrated with the boom in production. The short-run dynamics, however, reveal a slower adjustment to the long-run equilibrium following the boom, particularly for wellhead to city-gate and wellhead to residential prices. Originality/value The growth in delivery infrastructure has not kept up with the boom in production creating bottlenecks. The supply shock brought about by the boom in production has not altered previously established co-integrating relationships but has altered the speeds of adjustment towards the long-run equilibrium. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-07-10T02:46:38Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-08-2017-0006
First page: 298 Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose This paper aims to investigate the optimum energy consumption of building atriums in hot, cold and dry climate zones in Iran. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses simulation software to analyze atrium design for energy saving in buildings and the effects of the energy saving process on the use of atrium in hot summer and cold winter zones in Iran. The buildings exhibit brick cavity concrete block plaster for wall, double-glazed alum frame for glaze, concrete slab on ground for flour and plaster insulation suspend for ceiling. This process is analyzed by choosing a suitable atrium for building energy efficiency in warmest session for warm weather conditions and the coldest session for cold weather conditions in Iran. Findings According to the analysis done using simulation software, with respect to the hot need prevention of direct and indirect solar energy and cold need absorption of direct and indirect solar energy, four-side atrium with total radiation incident of 2,506,027 and 69,613 W, radiation absorption of 902,795 and 29,057 W and radiation transmission of 297,118 and 4,201 W in hot summer and in cold winter are the best optimum selections. Originality/value The results of this research are useful for both building energy efficiency and producing a comfortable living environment in the future and will support new observations of how residential building developers can accept sustainable strategies to grow their overtaking in the Iranian construction market. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-05-02T08:30:36Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-05-2016-0003
First page: 314 Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose This paper aims to study the oscillation phenomenon before chaos as well as its mechanism of occurrence in the energy-saving and emission-reduction system. Design/methodology/approach The system dynamics analysis, phase portrait analyses, equilibrium point analysis and bifurcation curve were applied to this paper. Findings First, the authors find an oscillation phenomenon previous to chaos. Second, on the one hand, the existence of two unstable saddles is the reason for the occurrence of oscillation phenomenon. On the other hand, the increasing of carbon emissions can arouse oscillation phenomenon. Originality/value This paper finds an oscillation phenomenon previous to chaos in the energy-saving and emission-reduction system. The mechanism of occurrence of oscillation phenomenon is studied. The existence of two unstable saddles is the reason for the occurrence of such oscillation phenomenon. The oscillation is related with fold bifurcation. The study also provides a theoretical basis for the further study of chaos control. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-05-02T02:14:31Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-06-2017-0007
First page: 323 Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose The purpose of this study is to test citizens’ attitudes on political involvement in energy policy-making that has generally seen to be dominated by experts and business interests and been relatively closed to citizen involvement. The study asks whether citizens are willing to participate politically more through political consumerism (i.e., consumption choices) or through representative democracy and if citizens are willing to assign decision-making to the experts representing public administration and business, as stealth democracy asserts. Design/methodology/approach Methodologically, the study is based on postal surveys conducted in 2007 and 2016 among a random sample representing Finns who were 18-75 years of age. Findings Political consumerism and stealth democracy were not considered as alternative and detached modes for electoral participation but rather as complementary. However, adherence to stealth democracy was a reaction of people who feel powerlessness in the face of the regime, while the supporters of political consumerism had a higher trust in their ability to influence. Originality/value The study is the first one which empirically compares citizens’ support for these three modes of involvement, and it generates new knowledge for the scholars and decision-makers when planning citizen role in (energy) policy-making. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-04-23T12:59:59Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-12-2017-0005
First page: 341 Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze wind characteristics and their effects on wind turbine components and energy generation at the candidate site. Design/methodology/approach The methodology covered the detailed investigation of wind characteristics using Weibull k and c parameters and standard deviation at 30 m above the ground level (AGL). The wind shear coefficient and air density were also studied. The weight model was developed to determine the effects on wind turbine components and energy generation. At last, an economic assessment was carried out to determine the pre- and post-effects of the weight model on the cost of energy per kilowatt-hour. Findings The mean standard deviation, Weibull k parameter and Weibull c parameter were found to be 2.157, 2.617 and 6.087 m/s, respectively, at 30 m for a period of a year. The mean wind shear coefficient was found to be 0.176 for a year. The calculated results showed that site-specific midrange and amplitude force were 40.95 per cent and 37.75 per cent on wind turbine mechanical components, respectively. The average rise in force and drop in energy was found to be 35.50 per cent and 47.55 per cent, respectively. The lift coefficient, drag coefficient and pitching moment considering values (a, 0.1 and 0.2) showed an increase in force on wind turbine components that resulted in a drop in energy. The cost assessment results showed that the cost of energy was increased from US$0.032/kWh to 0.0466/kWh for wind turbine A. Practical implications An accurate determination of the weight factor is necessary for near-reality assessment of wind energy yield and rise of force on the wind turbine. The results paved the way for site-specific design optimization of wind turbines. Originality/value The study contributes to the site-specific wind characteristic-based weight model to determine the effects of wind loads on wind turbine components and energy generation and compared with the specified design standard. The lift coefficient, drag coefficient and pitching moment coefficient show a rise in the force while considering the weight factor values. The results show that the site has the potential to generate energy at the lowest cost per kilowatt-hour, but it needs wind turbine design adjustments according to site-specific wind characteristics. If site-specific wind characteristics are considered, it would lead to maximum energy generation and high reliability of wind turbine components. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-05-04T02:27:05Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-10-2017-0007
First page: 364 Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to estimate the locational marginal price (LMP) at each distributed generation (DG) bus based on DG unit contribution in loss reduction. This LMP value can be used by distribution company (DISCO) to control private DG owners and operate network optimally in terms of active power loss. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes proportional nucleolus game theory (PNGT)-based iterative method to compute LMP at each DG unit. In this algorithm, PNGT has been used to identify the share of each DG unit in loss reduction. New mathematical modeling has been incorporated in the proposed algorithm to compute incentives being given to each DG owner. Findings The findings of this paper are that the LMP and reactive power price values for each DG unit were computed by the proposed method for the first time. Network can be operated with less loss and zero DISCO’s extra benefit, which is essential in deregulated environment. Fair competition has been maintained among private DG owners using the proposed method. Originality/value PNGT has been used for the first time for computation of LMP in distribution system based on loss reduction. Incentives to each DG unit has have been computed based on financial savings of DISCO due to loss reduction. Share of active and reactive power generation of each DG unit on change in active power loss of network due to that DG unit has been computed with new mathematical modeling. The proposed method provides LMP value to each DG unit in such a way that the network will be operated with less loss. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-05-02T07:44:44Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-03-2017-0002
First page: 386 Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose This study aims to investigate the cross-sectional and time-series dynamics of realized Certified Emission Reduction (CER) credits issued and the role of investments for a seminal sample of China’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects specializing in the wind sector. Design/methodology/approach The study investigates the dynamics of realized CER credits issued and the role of investments using traditional cross-sectional and time-series regression analysis. Findings The study results find that the level of investment per megawatt (MW) of power generation is an important predictor for the expected number of realized CER credits issued in the cross-section of China’s wind CDM projects. Additionally, the study finds evidence of time trends and seasonality when examining the time series of realized monthly CER credits: CER credits issued are lower in the summer and higher in the winter. Originality/value The study results highlight the importance of financing CDM projects and suggest guidelines in which investors are able to better assess how much to invest based on the anticipated CER credits in the Project Design Document. Additionally, the results suggest opportunities for the CDM Executive Board surrounding the Project Design Document and the anticipated CER credits contained therein. The present study contributes to the literature on strategic tools for addressing climate change and offer insights that narrow the gap between empirical finance and sustainable business practice in the context of CDM projects. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-06-05T09:24:59Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-06-2017-0005
First page: 408 Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose A growing amount of German and Austrian utilities create own Facebook accounts to communicate with their stakeholders. Whereas existing studies describe how utility companies are currently using Facebook, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, there exists no study which focuses on the actual expectations of Facebook users. Nevertheless, as the occurrence of social media redefined stakeholders’ expectations, research on the expectations of Facebook users become crucial. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to contribute to the existing social media literature by investigating the expectations of Facebook users towards a virtual stakeholder dialogue with their public utility companies on Facebook. Design/methodology/approach Eight German and six Austrian public utilities supported the empirical study by posting a link to an online survey on their Facebook account. In total, 258 Facebook users followed that link and completed the survey. Findings The broad majority of participants expect public utility companies to use Facebook as a communication channel. They request to regularly receive a variety of information on different topics. In addition, participants want to have the opportunity to post general queries, complaints or criticism, suggestions for improvement, positive feedback or queries in a crisis situation. Moreover, the empirical data reveal that user-specific characteristics such as gender, age, country of residence, length of Facebook membership or number of Facebook friends impact the expectations towards a Facebook conversation. Originality/value The findings enable scholars and practitioners to gain in-depth insights into Facebook conversations from the actual user perspective. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-05-30T09:09:05Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-11-2017-0013
First page: 449 Abstract: International Journal of Energy Sector Management, Ahead of Print. Purpose This study aims to improve the performance of geothermal energy. Therefore, this research requires a deep examination of the determinant factors that affect the performance of geothermal energy; the results of this study are expected to increase the outcomes that can be enjoyed by the people of Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach This research uses quantitative approach. Data are obtained via questionnaires. The population in this study is all stakeholders of the national geothermal energy policy throughout the region. The stakeholders in question are the Community Care for Energy and the Environment (MPEL), using a sample of 400 respondents. The variables used were human resource capacity (X1), political resource capacity (X2), economic resource capacity (X3), social resource capacity (X4), performance of geothermal energy policy (Y1) and geothermal energy policy outcomes (Y2). Data analysis used to solve hypothetical model built in this research is partial least square. Findings While human resource, political resource, economic resource and social resource capacities affect the performance of geothermal energy policy, those capacities directly affect the performance of geothermal energy policies. On the other hand, the results of the indirect effect test show that with the mediation of good geothermal energy policy, it will be seen that the effect of human resource capacity, political resource capacity, capacity of economic resources and the capacity of social resources to the utilization of geothermal energy. The utilization of geothermal energy cannot be directly felt by the community without the support of the formulation of geothermal energy policy or unless it is supported by high human resources, political resources, economic resource and social resource capacities. Originality/value No previous research has comprehensively examined the effect of human resource, political resource, economic resource and social resource capacities on geothermal energy policy and its implications for the outcomes of geothermal energy policy. Citation: International Journal of Energy Sector Management PubDate: 2018-07-12T02:36:33Z DOI: 10.1108/IJESM-11-2017-0011
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