Abstract: Across the ideological spectrum, there is wide acknowledgment that at some point citizens’ taking up arms against their own government is legitimate—even if that point’s location, and how to proceed once it is reached, remain contentious.1 In this respect, the ethics of revolution has an intelligible but underdeveloped parallel with just war theory. “Logically,” wrote William O’Brien some years ago, “there should be an elaborate jus ad bellum and jus in bello for revolutionary war, but the development of such a doctrine has never seriously been attempted.”2 If this remains true until today, then the rise and fall of the Arab Spring—from the early optimism of Tunisia’s Jasmine Revolution, to the cyclical failures of ... Read More Keywords: Revolutions; Fanon, Frantz,; Algeria; Radicalism; Prejudices; Anarchists; Alia, Giuseppe,; Heinrichs, Leo,; Italian American Protestants; Europe; Conservatism; American fiction; African American radicals; Williams, Robert F.; X, Malcolm,; Lebourg, Ni PubDate: 2019-10-17T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: On 23 February 1908 the United States was horrified by a murder in Denver, Colorado, which the press described as “strange” and “deranged.”1 An Italian immigrant, Giuseppe Alia, killed Father Leo Heinrichs during Mass at a local Catholic church.2 Years later, historian Robert J. Goldstein described the murder as “bizarre.” In the days that followed, news of the murder spread around the world, thanks to American and international newspapers. The murderer would give different explanations, but in the first hours after the attack he explained that “I just went there because I have a grudge against all priests. . . . They are all against the working man. . . . I am an anarchist and proud of it.”3 The Denver murder ... Read More Keywords: Revolutions; Fanon, Frantz,; Algeria; Radicalism; Prejudices; Anarchists; Alia, Giuseppe,; Heinrichs, Leo,; Italian American Protestants; Europe; Conservatism; American fiction; African American radicals; Williams, Robert F.; X, Malcolm,; Lebourg, Ni PubDate: 2019-10-17T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: How does large-scale ideological change happen' The past decade has seen an uptick of social and political groups associated with ideas coming from the far-right end of the conventional political spectrum, to include political parties in different European countries and the newer Alt-Right movement.1 The general purpose of this article is to better understand some of the mechanisms involved in shifting public opinion from considering a set of political ideas to be extreme and off-limits, to potentially considering those same ideas as becoming more integrated into conventional discourse. We utilize the process of radical social innovation as defined in the organizational psychology and creativity literature to ... Read More Keywords: Revolutions; Fanon, Frantz,; Algeria; Radicalism; Prejudices; Anarchists; Alia, Giuseppe,; Heinrichs, Leo,; Italian American Protestants; Europe; Conservatism; American fiction; African American radicals; Williams, Robert F.; X, Malcolm,; Lebourg, Ni PubDate: 2019-10-17T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: The FBI assesses it is very likely that Black Identity Extremist (BIE) perceptions of police brutality against African Americans spurred an increase in premeditated, retaliatory lethal violence against law enforcement and will likely serve as justification for such violence.All too often, debates concerning the ethical and practical place of violence in revolutionary movements fixate on those radicalisms based in communities of color. That this is the case is no accident; by their very existence, race radical groups threaten two key tenets of power: the stability of white supremacy and the rationale over when violence becomes a “justifiable” tactic. To label such groups as terrorist organizations allows the state ... Read More Keywords: Revolutions; Fanon, Frantz,; Algeria; Radicalism; Prejudices; Anarchists; Alia, Giuseppe,; Heinrichs, Leo,; Italian American Protestants; Europe; Conservatism; American fiction; African American radicals; Williams, Robert F.; X, Malcolm,; Lebourg, Ni PubDate: 2019-10-17T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: On the night of 27 August 1961, Robert F. Williams and his family escaped from Monroe, North Carolina, hours before a seemingly inevitable armed showdown between Williams’s followers and the authorities. At first on foot, the Williamses and a few collaborators evaded the local and state police barricades encircling his neighborhood before driving without rest to New York City. Racial tensions in Monroe had steadily increased since 1956 when Williams took over the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter. The situation reached its climax with the arrival of a group of Freedom Riders to the town the week before the Williamses’ exit. A violent white mob besieged the Freedom ... Read More Keywords: Revolutions; Fanon, Frantz,; Algeria; Radicalism; Prejudices; Anarchists; Alia, Giuseppe,; Heinrichs, Leo,; Italian American Protestants; Europe; Conservatism; American fiction; African American radicals; Williams, Robert F.; X, Malcolm,; Lebourg, Ni PubDate: 2019-10-17T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Anything that’s paradoxical has to have some humor in it or it’ll crack you up . . . And America is such a paradoxical society, hypocritically paradoxical, that if you don’t have some humor, you’ll crack up.I know you don’t like what I’m saying, but I am going to tell you anyway.The right spark—some unpredictable emotional chemistry—could set off a black uprising.7 January 1965. Malcolm X stands on stage preparing to deliver a speech entitled “Prospects for Freedom in 1965” at Palm Gardens in New York hosted by the Militant Labor Forum, where he issues a dire warning regarding the racial tensions set to explode throughout the United States. The speech’s prophetic and at times apocalyptic tone parallels the ... Read More Keywords: Revolutions; Fanon, Frantz,; Algeria; Radicalism; Prejudices; Anarchists; Alia, Giuseppe,; Heinrichs, Leo,; Italian American Protestants; Europe; Conservatism; American fiction; African American radicals; Williams, Robert F.; X, Malcolm,; Lebourg, Ni PubDate: 2019-10-17T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Camus and Lebourg start their wide-ranging study of the European Far Right in a France in the throes of the 1789 Revolution. The Far Right not only got its name, the authors point out, from where those most opposed to the revolutionary changes taking shape sat in the Constituent Assembly. This resistance also set the direction for the future: Ever since the French Revolution shattered the hierarchy of the Ancien Régime, the Far Right has been in pursuit of a new order that it deems legitimate. Camus and Lebourg trace this search through its many modifications to the present day. For them the Far Right is a “field” on which a plurality of actors, across Europe and beyond, have continuously reinvented this quest ... Read More Keywords: Revolutions; Fanon, Frantz,; Algeria; Radicalism; Prejudices; Anarchists; Alia, Giuseppe,; Heinrichs, Leo,; Italian American Protestants; Europe; Conservatism; American fiction; African American radicals; Williams, Robert F.; X, Malcolm,; Lebourg, Ni PubDate: 2019-10-17T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: When I first began my job at the City University of New York, I was amazed that the university had such a strong and influential union. It seemed like a throwback to another time that I had only seen movies about. I found myself actually attending meetings and becoming involved in a heated union battle over faculty salaries that had gone unraised for six years. The union threatened to strike, and I found myself in the strange position of having to sign on to the strike or not. My surprise at the health of the union is probably the experience of many in academia—one of the few remaining strongholds for labor. Yet organized labor, even in academia, has dwindled to a few strong unions located in the few remaining ... Read More Keywords: Revolutions; Fanon, Frantz,; Algeria; Radicalism; Prejudices; Anarchists; Alia, Giuseppe,; Heinrichs, Leo,; Italian American Protestants; Europe; Conservatism; American fiction; African American radicals; Williams, Robert F.; X, Malcolm,; Lebourg, Ni PubDate: 2019-10-17T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: An Unseen Light: Black Struggles for Freedom in Memphis, Tennessee examines the history of race relations in Memphis, Tennessee. Editors Aram Goudsouzian and Charles W. McKinney Jr. have assembled a wide-ranging collection of new essays that are relatively even in terms of readability, rigorous research, and scholarly contributions. Consisting of sixteen essays written by established and rising academics alike, the book offers a chronological survey of the city’s history relative to its sometimes mischaracterized race relations.Essays in this collection address various issues relative to the experiences of African Americans in Memphis from the 1890s to present. Individual pieces investigate topics as diverse as ... Read More Keywords: Revolutions; Fanon, Frantz,; Algeria; Radicalism; Prejudices; Anarchists; Alia, Giuseppe,; Heinrichs, Leo,; Italian American Protestants; Europe; Conservatism; American fiction; African American radicals; Williams, Robert F.; X, Malcolm,; Lebourg, Ni PubDate: 2019-10-17T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: On September 9, 1901, on the edge of the Black Belt of Chicago, a white-looking mother named Lulu Toles (née Brown) birthed a baby girl whose complexion hinted faintly of a brown world (page 1).In such a way, Keith Gilyard introduces us to a beautifully written biography of an extraordinary African-American activist, Louise Thompson Patterson (1901–1999). Her struggle with racial, economic, and gender exploitation, her dedication to justice and liberation for all, and her involvement in the Harlem Renaissance secured her a prominent place among the intellectuals of the twentieth century who distinguished themselves as active members of radical African American politics.In Patterson’s life story the writer conveys ... Read More Keywords: Revolutions; Fanon, Frantz,; Algeria; Radicalism; Prejudices; Anarchists; Alia, Giuseppe,; Heinrichs, Leo,; Italian American Protestants; Europe; Conservatism; American fiction; African American radicals; Williams, Robert F.; X, Malcolm,; Lebourg, Ni PubDate: 2019-10-17T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Against the Fascist Creep argues that right-wing forces borrow leftist techniques to gather support from disaffected groups as part of destabilization processes. To articulate contemporary concerns that the left is often guilty of ceding the space for fascism within these narratives of resistance, Alexander Reid Ross offers historical accounts of how populists use political rooting cultures of masculinity and racism to link with more powerful forces from the top-down para-fascists, who manipulate rhetoric about scarcity, status, and nationalism. For politically engaged readers, Against the Fascist Creep shows again how postmodernity opened a space whereby truth is constructed as a mean. Despite the inherent ... Read More Keywords: Revolutions; Fanon, Frantz,; Algeria; Radicalism; Prejudices; Anarchists; Alia, Giuseppe,; Heinrichs, Leo,; Italian American Protestants; Europe; Conservatism; American fiction; African American radicals; Williams, Robert F.; X, Malcolm,; Lebourg, Ni PubDate: 2019-10-17T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: As an admirer of the anarchists, atheists, communists, feminists, free-thinkers, muckrakers, pacifists, progressives, socialists, Wobblies, and other colorful dissidents and malcontents who fought and sacrificed for an inclusive and fair society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, it gave me pleasure to learn of the life and work of attorney Gilbert E. Roe (1864–1929). Like most First Amendment scholars, including the author of this book, a distinguished media law scholar, I had never heard of Roe, the man at the legal center of so many free speech issues during this formative period in U.S. history. For this reason, Eric B. Easton’s book fills an important gap in the rich legacy of the struggle ... Read More Keywords: Revolutions; Fanon, Frantz,; Algeria; Radicalism; Prejudices; Anarchists; Alia, Giuseppe,; Heinrichs, Leo,; Italian American Protestants; Europe; Conservatism; American fiction; African American radicals; Williams, Robert F.; X, Malcolm,; Lebourg, Ni PubDate: 2019-10-17T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: In this issue, I’d like to begin by observing that JSR: Journal for the Study of Radicalism has now published several in a row of the strongest issues in the history of the journal, and the exceptional number of articles we have under review now would indicate that future issues promise to be even stronger. The journal has really begun to achieve what we thought it could when we launched it. We have articles on the gamut of radicalism across the political spectrum, and our authors consistently provide insights into very different radical groups, movements, and individuals. Our call for articles on radicalization and terrorism generated an unusually high number of submissions from around the globe, and you can ... Read More Keywords: Revolutions; Fanon, Frantz,; Algeria; Radicalism; Prejudices; Anarchists; Alia, Giuseppe,; Heinrichs, Leo,; Italian American Protestants; Europe; Conservatism; American fiction; African American radicals; Williams, Robert F.; X, Malcolm,; Lebourg, Ni PubDate: 2019-10-17T00:00:00-05:00
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