Abstract: A las voces de la Cava se tapa el rey los oídosAre those who act and struggle mute, as opposed to those who act and speak?Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak's 1988 essay, "Can the Subaltern Speak?" stands as a groundbreaking work that acknowledges the plight of the historically repressed and silenced subaltern, a figure consistently identified as female. Indeed, the first line of her essay recognizes the subjects of her study as "[w]omen outside of the mode of production narrative" (21). Rosalind C. Morris adds that "the crucial marker, and the orienting question, of Spivak's particular intervention within the theorization of subalternity revolves around the question of gender" (10). Essentially, Spivak's theory of the ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: In his diary, eventually published as the Journal of the First Voyage of America, Christopher Columbus describes the gift exchange between his party and the first Indians he encountered, on October 13, 1492, on Guanahaní island (in the Bahamas). Columbus wrote: "They give everything they have for whatever we give them, even pieces of broken bowls and glass cups they will barter for" (33; "Mas todo lo que tiene[n] lo dan por qualquiera cosa que les den, de fasta los pedaços de las escudillas y de las taças de vidro rotas rescatavan […]; 32)." He describes the natives' eagerness to barter "balls of cotton thread and parrots and spears" (31; "ovillos de algodón filado y papagayos y azagayas"; 30) stating that "they ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Dreamer, madman, poet, legislator, warrior, coward, visionary, titanic, romantic, despot, philosopher, predestined by God, a man from another world, the Incarnate Word of national redemption, miserable, bastard, prophet, iron-ass, a god sweeping over the future. These adjectives and terms about Simón Bolívar's life, work, and deeds were produced by figures as diverse as Hugo Chávez, Karl Marx, Miguel Ángel Asturias, José Enrique Rodó, José Martí, and Fernando González. The contrast between the exaltation and condemnation that haunts the aforementioned epithets tells us that national heroes, like cryptic texts, are often the subjects of passionate, even incompatible, readings. In the course of interpretation, these ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: El sendero de la teoría a la práctica se bifurca en mil y una noches. En la encrucijada de la palabra y su lugar de enunciación, el devenir de la voz raramente es un galardón concedido por una sociedad benévola o compasiva. Una voz emergente es consecuencia de intrincadas negociaciones de género, etnia, edad, fe o clase previamente impensables. En la producción de una voz, el visionario enfrenta normas sociales y una vorágine de posibilidades y signos. Las constelaciones sociales, estéticas y políticas emergen del mar de significados que funda las simientes de toda matriz epistemológica o cultural.El género ensayístico latinoamericano ha navegado el autoritarismo de una figura autoral y el vértigo de ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: From the fateful paths of line, the independent hand seizes … the ultimate freedom—the freedom of unconstrained expression.Founder and indisputable leader of the art collectives Asociación de Arte Constructivo and Taller Torres-García, the Uruguayan painter Joaquín Torres-García was a key figure in the development of twentieth-century art in Latin America. His multi-faceted career—comprising such artistic expressions as painting, sculpture, toy manufacture, and ceramics—has attracted wide recognition from the general public and has been subject to a great deal of critical scrutiny. Despite his status as one of the most influential figures of Modern Art in Latin America, there is a field of Torres-García's ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Es difícil conjeturar sobre el futuro de la artes en nuestro convulsionado siglo XXI. Puesto que llevamos casi dos décadas de violencia extrema, de una regresión de los valores a niveles verdaderamente infrahumanos, nuestro presente es tanto o más angustioso que el que observaran, un siglo atrás, estetas de la talla de Erich Auerbach y Georg Lukács, ambos conflictuados por los resultados de la devastadora Primera Guerra Mundial. Así como ayer, hoy atravesamos por otro momento de deshumanización y de gran desconcierto, situación en que las formas estéticas, que buscaban la articulación entre virtud y conciencia durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX, fracasan nuevamente en el intento de adecuarse a los contenidos ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: It is estimated that 15,000 Spaniards died in German concentration camps. However, the troubling reality that accounted for the repression experienced by the Spanish Republicans in occupied France and Nazi Germany during the Second World War has not been widely studied. Although not particularly well known, there are several testimonies, documentaries, and narratives that focus on the Spanish Holocaust.1These narratives are especially traumatic because they describe the humiliations suffered by human beings who were stripped of their dignity while detained in the Nazi camps.2 According to Michel Leiberich, these texts serve to explore key concepts such as: democracy, human rights, human values, human dignity, and ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: The term "democrazy" in the title of my essay is not one that I coined myself, but one that I have appropriated from the massive protests that took place in Spain in May 2011.1 The use of English on many of the banners has to do with the fact that these protests were part of what we know as the Occupy Movement. In Spain, the largest demonstrations took place on May 15, 2011, and for that reason they are now known as the 15M movement. This was followed by a three-week occupation of the Puerta del Sol in Madrid, the square at the city's geographical center, with further occupations in Spain's other major cities.2 This social revolution should be understood both in the global context, as a result of the 2008 financial ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Las novelas de Chirbes se pueden concebir como un ciclo narrativo entrelazado, un poco a la manera de Balzac o Galdós, porque en casi todas ellas florece como una pulsión central la necesidad de traslucir la biografía de su generación en todas sus etapas: los efectos de la guerra en su infancia, las fatigas y adversidades de las familias de los derrotados, las militancias antifranquistas o el reciclaje espurio de la Transición. Las dos últimas novelas que publicó en vida abordan los infortunios de la España más actual, en una especie de apoteosis final de su obra creativa. Si Crematorio (2007) iluminaba la ilegalidad consustancial que envolvía el triunfo económico inspirado en la construcción en la España reciente ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: En su seminal ensayo "Narrating the Neoliberal Moment," Claudio Lomnitz observa la emergencia, a partir de la crisis económica de 1982, de un "exceso de historia" donde el pasado se convertía en una fuente inagotable de imágenes para el discurso de esa sociedad civil imaginada por el neoliberalismo mexicano. De acuerdo a Lomnitz, "an excess of historical invocation—or a historical obsession—is a diagnostic sign of failed modernities, and especially of what Wolfgang Schivelbusch has called 'the culture of defeat,' that is the process of mourning and recovery that follows historical trauma" (39). Resulta difícil no pensar en la actualidad de la reflexión de Lomnitz, publicada hace ocho años, considerando la constante ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: The general elections held on December 20, 2015 were the most unpredictable and bitterly fought in Spain since 1979. This was the cause and the consequence of the rise of new political parties, most noticeably Podemos and Ciudadanos, who have translated into political currency the discontent and energy of the "15-M"movement, a shorthand for anti-austerity movement(s) that references the occupation of major squares throughout Spain by the so-called "indignados" in May 2011. The writings on and by Podemos frequently speak of "una segunda Transición," a challenge to the "régimen del 78" that midwifed the Transition from Francoism to a liberal monarchical democracy. This article employs Javier Cercas's historical ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: As daunting as a blank page may be, beginnings also brim over with the effervescence of creation. In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth, Genesis tells us. In the beginning was the Word, we read in John's Gospel. The snide narrator of Samuel Beckett's Murphy sneers, "In the beginning was the pun." By their beginning, incipit, were written works known before the advent of print and the cultural embrace of titles. Manuscript, printed, and now digitized collections of texts are saved from chaos and oblivion by an alphabetized table of "first words." But in a cosmos that celebrates beginnings as the advent of the new, who spares a thought for the end?This critical cluster takes as its point of departure ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: "The End is the Beginning of the End"In Garcilaso's Eclogue I, the single refrain, "Salid sin duelo, lágrimas, corriendo," ends fully ten of the twelve stanzas that comprise Salicio's lament. That the estribillo, in its repetitive insistence, demands the shepherd's lachrymose response to his lover's rejection has long been considered its assigned function. After all, tears must flow for poems to flower in the shepherd's blissful bower. Therefore, from the poem's start under the morning sun's rays until the "triste lloro" of the very last stanza, when the sun sinks behind the mountains, the shepherd's tears never stop flowing.Yet, as we know, the identity of this shepherd as Salicio, the etymological root of whose ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: A concern with endings has been central to the study of narrative form as well as to inquiries into the cognitive and/or psychological desire for closure. In the stories we read, as much as in the stories we craft from chaotic experience into what we call our lives, "the end" represents a longing for the vanishing point of trauma, conflict, or uncertainty. From Walter Benjamin's meditations on storytelling to the psychoanalytic-inflected work of Peter Brooks, or Frank Kermode's classic lectures on the Sense of an Ending, endings have been inextricably bound to the meaning of narrative as such.1 Linked by analogy to our own mortality, narrative endings become for all these thinkers tiny rehearsals in dealing with ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Language is speech-less speaking.His own opinion, which he does not air, is that the origins of speech lie in song, and the origins of song in the need to fill out with sound the overlarge and rather empty human soul.El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de La Mancha has long been considered a book about books, a book about reading, a book constantly taunting its readers with its awareness of its own status as a text. The fact that it was supposedly found as a partial manuscript, that Don Quijote's madness that stems from his addictive reading of and over identification with chivalric novels, Cardenio's "librillo de memoria," and the surprising twist in Part Two where Don Quijote comes face to face with the reality of ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: [T]anta vergogna mi gravò la fronte.Giorgio Agamben's The End of the Poem begins and ends with two readings of Dante. The first, in the chapter entitled "Comedy," revisits the question of why the Italian poet considered his magnum opus as such, of why he would "abandon his own 'tragic' poetic project for a 'comic' poem" (1). Unsatisfied with prior scholarly explanations, Agamben interrogates the incipit of the Divine Comedy in order to finally validate, nearly seven hundred years on, the pertinence of its curious generic marker. His argument hinges on a consideration of tragic guilt and comic guilt, as well as the oft-related emotion of shame. Of particular interest to Agamben is the theory of shame that Dante ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: In his essay "The End of the Poem," the philosopher Giorgio Agamben examines not just the last verse where a poem formally ends, but the rationale of poetry itself. Taking as a point of departure Paul Valery's definition of poetry as "the prolonged hesitation between sound and sense," Agamben identifies sound and sense respectively with the semantic and semiotic currents that traverse a poem as a linguistic unit. While tending towards each other, sound and sense can never coincide within a poetic structure, but their creative tension, their impossibility of union, produces the very substance of poetry. A verse, Agamben concludes, "is the being that dwells in the schism," sustained by its own impossibility of ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: According to a probably apocryphal legend, as St. Laurence was suffering the lingering martyrdom of being roasted to death on a gridiron, he is said to have defied his torturers by shouting: "Turn me over, I'm done on this side." One could, of course, play with these notions in terms of being done or undone, finished or unfinished, but that is not where I am going in this paper. In the case of the poem Miguel Cid composed in honor of St. Laurence for a justa poética, the poet plays with that apocryphal tradition, referring to the saint as being grilled to perfection according to God's taste.First, a few words about the author. Miguel Cid (1550–1617) has been hailed as "el poeta más prolífico de cuantos ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: With Ficino in Spain Susan Byrne has made a long overdue intervention in the "purist, all Spanish approach" to intellectual—and therefore, literary— history of Spain. Her revision covers four major centuries, 1500-1900, and a broad range of disciplines: theology, astrology, political philosophy, mysticism, medicine, magic and poetry (both verse and prose). In this groundbreaking study, Byrne combines meticulous research into the textual and circulation history of Ficino's texts with equally attentive close-readings and analysis of the ways in which his writing and thought were transposed, reiterated and reimagined by Spanish authors. Byrne illuminates the Ficinian presence in authors such as Miguel de Cervantes ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: In 1597, Luis Vélez de Santander was a young page in the service of Cardinal Rodrigo de Castro, Archbishop of Seville. Vélez, who graduated as a bachelor of arts thanks to a scholarship from the University of Osuna, had just penned the comedia, El Príncipe transilvano, the first of over four hundred works for the Spanish stage that the native of Écija would write during his lifetime. After several years' service as a soldier in Italy, Vélez found himself in Madrid in 1608, and like many other aspiring courtiers, he dropped his mother's surname for that of an ostensibly noble ancestor: Guevara. Henceforth Luis Vélez de Guevara, he would explore these anxieties of ethno-religious identity and social status in ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: No hay forma ya de leer sobre Cuba sin que nos asalte la memoria inconsolable de una pérdida totalizadora, un no regreso, un conjunto de vacíos que comenzaron a encadenarse un día gris del invierno de 1959 y hoy todavía nos estremece. Si ya, en su ensayo "Paralelos. La pintura y la poesía en Cuba de los siglos XVIII y XIX," La cantidad hechizada (1970, p. 159), José Lezama Lima señalaba la ausencia de una virtud aunadora en la expresión cubana, cuando apuntaba que "lo mismo se pierde el rasguño de los primeros años que lo más rotundo y visible de lo inmediato," también es cierto que sobre los restos de tanto vacío—ese lezamiano "anteayer que viene sobre nosotros"—habrá que edificar la sociedad verdaderamente ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: The anonymous Carajicomedia, first published in the Cancionero de obras provocantes a risa (1519), is one of Castilian literature's lewdest and most salacious works of poetry. Its aggressive obscenity is only matched by the uncompromising force of its 117 stanzas of dodecasyllabic lines of arte mayor that deliberately parody the solemnity of Juan de Mena's Laberinto de Fortuna (1444) as it was glossed in Hernán Núñez de Guzmán's annotated edition of Mena's work known as Las Trezientas (1499, 1505). The result is a sustained contracfactum of the latter, which had sought to recuperate Mena's Laberinto as a prophetic work of the Spanish empire at the height of the reign of the Catholic Kings. It is doubtless because ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Combining analytical perspectives of intellectual history and comparative literature, Seth Kimmel casts new light on the pastoral strategies and scholarly practices that theologians, church leaders, and crown officials mobilized to remove the "danger" of heresy they associated with New Christians. While the book heeds issues related to conversos and Amerindians, the foremost attention centers on the scholarly and pastoral debates that focused on peninsular Spain's native Hispano-Muslim minority (Moriscos) required to convert to Christianity from circa 1502. As Kimmel states up front, his aim is not to provide another social history of religious minorities in early modern Spain, though his chapters and notes attest ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Joanna Page's Creativity and Science in Contemporary Argentine Literature: Between Romanticism and Formalism invokes a wide set of ideas ranging from post-Enlightenment Anglo-European thought to mathematical and scientific concepts. This book showcases the ways in which three contemporary Argentine fiction writers, namely Marcelo Cohen, Guillermo Martínez, and Ricardo Piglia, employ mathematical and scientific discourses such as chaos, entropy, uncertainty, complexity, or incompleteness to challenge the alleged exhaustion of viable paths toward literary creativity or newness, particularly after the dominance of postmodern thought. In light of the usages of science and mathematics in post-1960 British and North ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: In The Object of the Atlantic, Rachel Price develops an historically-rooted theory of "concretude" that takes shape in the Atlantic region between empire and globalization. Through readings of writers such as José Marti, Joaquim de Sousândrade, Ramiro de Maeztu, and Brazilian concrete and neoconcrete poets and artists, Price demonstrates how a shared aesthetic interest in concretude alternately mirrors, engages, and anticipates economic shifts from objects to networks. The book's definition of its central theme is wide-ranging, moving between spectrums that include the endpoints of material and immaterial, presence and absence, "thingly" and virtual. Within these categories is further variety still. Objects are ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Fernando Rosenberg's book is a theoretically sophisticated and timely inquiry into the way that human rights discourse is invoked and transformed in contemporary Latin American novels, installation art, photography, and films produced in post-dictatorial and global contexts between 1990 and 2010. Chapter 1 presents Rosenberg's main lines of argument and serves as the compelling introduction to the book. His thesis is that human rights and neoliberal common sense share common ground but neither one "exhausts the emancipatory possibilities of human rights nor exempts neoliberal politics of blatantly ignoring basic rights" (1). Rosenberg then makes the case that both discourses are relevant beyond the (post)political ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: The extensive list of helpers, interpreters, contacts, and sources involved in Wright's impressive acknowledgments prepares us for the unusual thoroughness of the study she has produced. The book opens with "A Lost Portrait and a Forgotten Name," introducing us to the free black Christian poet Juan Latino, about whom very little is actually known. The picture on the book jacket is not our subject, but Durer's "Portrait Study of a Black Man," and we do not know when or how Latino was freed, or anything about his ancestry or birth date. We do learn that he managed to buy a home, hire servants, and invest a significant amount of money, all of which was made possible by the third Duke of Sessa, who provided for his ... Read More Keywords: Ficino, Marsilio,; Aesthetics; Catholic Church; Martínez, Guillermo,; Atlantic Ocean Region; Latino, Juan, PubDate: 2017-04-26T00:00:00-05:00
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