Abstract: On Santo Domingo's feast day, 4 August 1645, two militia battalions of free Blacks wielding swords and shields took to the streets of Veracruz, vowing to kill all "white faces."1 They left in their fury a trail of five dead and two seriously wounded, prompting the colonial administration to pass a bylaw in 1647 banning all negros, mestizos, mulatos, chinos, and zambaigos from carrying arms, and nullifying the few licenses that had been approved. Habitually in fear of subversive activity and multi-ethnic coalitions, administrators tended to lump multiple castas together regardless of involvement. Anyone violating the order would be publicly whipped 200 times, have an ear cut off, and be sent to labor in one of New ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: German commercial interest in the Bismarck and Solomon Seas began in the 1870s when the Hamburg firm J.C. Godeffroy & Sohn established stations in the Gazelle Peninsula and Duke of York Islands in East New Britain. The firm became bankrupt in 1878 and was replaced by the Deutsche Handels- und Plantagen-Gesellschaft (DHPG). Eduard Hernsheim acquired land in 1878, and, in 1879, Thomas Farrell and Queen Emma (Emma Forsayth) who had previously worked for Godeffroy, set up independently.1 In 1884, the German government proclaimed Northeastern New Guinea (Kaiser-Wilhelms-Land), the Bismarck Archipelago, including New Britain (Neu Pommern) and New Ireland (Neu-Mecklenburg), and the Admiralty Islands (Admiralitäts-Inseln) ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: On the 15th of August 1596, the Council of Indies, the highest administrative organ of the Spanish Empire in the New World, recommended to the Monarch that free Blacks, Mulattos and zambaigos1 be obliged to work. The Council portrayed African descendants as disturbances to the "peace and tranquility" of the colonies because of their "vicious and evil customs." At the same time, the Council recognized in the same document the labor potential of the liberated Blacks and people of mixed African heritage. It urged their integration into the colonial labor market in order to relieve the burden felt by the Native population. The Council also suggested that African descendants not mix with the indigenous people; "they ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: On June 6, 1775, a rebel American force composed of Continental regulars and militia invaded the province of Quebec and captured Fort Saint-Jean.1 In response, Guy Carleton, governor of Quebec, immediately called upon the seigneurs' duty to raise the militia in their parishes. At the end of July, James Cuthbert, the seigneur of Berthieren-Haut, dispensed a message to his peasants, referred to as habitants, notifying them of their mandatory service in the militia.2 The habitants collectively responded that "if he had anything to communicate, he might come to them." Sometime later, Cuthbert and his tenants met at a central point on the seigneurie and he "made a preemptory demand of their services on the French ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: The Empire's New Clothes is the most important book ever written about the Commonwealth and its history, and about the relationships that history has both to imperial and colonial history. Even though the form and presentation of the book may strike some readers as unconventionally personal, there is clear precedent for such an approach by a serious historian to an important subject of contemporary public interest,1 and they will not prevent the book from having a formative influence on future Commonwealth scholarship and, very possibly, an influence on the future of the Commonwealth, too.The book is cleverly constructed, well-written, eminently readable, anchored to some of the major twists and turns over the last ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Delving deeply into the political, religious and cultural history of church murals in the Cuzco district of Peru, Cohen-Aponte offers a rich analysis of the interstitial dialogue occurring between artists, observers, and their associated societal and cultural constructs. Her inquiry is tightly defined, centering on seven churches within rural communities (pueblos de indios). Rooted in the methodology of art history, her project deftly intersects with other disciplines to serve as an exemplar of the type of comparative theoretical analysis for which she advocates. She specifically argues that, conceding their objective to evangelize Andean Indigenous citizens, church murals in fact created space for the exercise of ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Who has the right to speak' It is a question posed in different ways by some of the great postcolonial theorists, notably Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak in Can the Subaltern Speak', Edward Said in Permission to Narrate and in the eponymous I, Rigoberto Menchú. History has been slow to interrogate the complexities of witnessing and the politics and dynamics of evidence. With this volume, literary historian Robert Burroughs dissects the intricacies of atrocity testimony in the movement for Congo reform. He strips away much of the imperial and racist mystification in search of African voices speaking out against savage colonial capitalism.Part of the impetus for this book extends from a reaction to the endlessly recycled ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: In this intelligent and insightful study, Sacred Violence in Early America, historian Susan Juster provides an in-depth analysis of the background and evolution of violence within the realm of religion. Venturing past the 1607 founding of Jamestown and the establishment of a Puritan colony at Plymouth Rock in 1620, Juster turns to sixteenth-century "theologies of violence" in an effort to further investigate how some of America's earliest settlers conceptualized and legitimized violence inspired by ideological differences. As an inquiry into the methods and practices of sacred violence as well as the many motivations behind them, Juster's work is composed of four chapters which chronicle the developments of blood ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Sam Hutchinson's book Settlers, War, and Empire in the Press is a study of Australian press coverage of the Waikato War, the Sudan Crisis and the South African War. In Chapter Two—"Symptoms of Empire," Hutchinson sets out two key themes—first, he explains how settlers found it necessary to constantly "assimilate the brute facts of colonisation" and explain away Aboriginal dispossession in order to take pride in their society (25); second, how the performative role of the press allowed Australian editors to present themselves for observation abroad and, by gauging reactions to their press manifestos, gain answers to these key questions: "What did Australia mean to Britain' Where did they fit into the imperial scheme ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: This is a first-class essay collection written by a team of exciting settler colonial historians. Indeed, I wish to make a confession: the book proved so captivating and intriguing that I could hardly put it down once I got started. While the essays mainly deal with Australia and New Zealand, with a brief excursion to Singapore and North America, they address themes and advance methodologies that resonate globally across settler colonial spaces. The book's principal achievement is in mapping the intersections between diverse sites of everyday intimacies and forms of collective, individual and structural settler colonial violence. In the process it covers an expansive setting, including labor operations of ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Eliga Gould, examining the interconnected nature of early modern Atlantic empires, has persuasively argued that relations were "fundamentally asymmetric, with Spain, as the senior and historically preeminent member, often holding the upper hand."1 Along with Jorge Cañizares-Esguerra, Gould (who offers an afterword to this volume) has advocated a method based on the idea of entangled, reciprocal histories rather than the strictly comparative approach of an earlier generation of scholars. Cañizares-Esguerra's latest work builds on such interventions, insisting on the Iberian foundations of American imperial systems that laid the groundwork for the English in particular to build on and develop. As the ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: The mid-nineteenth century saw the foundation of the cotton textile industry in Bombay and by the end of the century, the city had emerged as the hub of industrial and commercial trade activities in colonial India. It was the flourishing cotton textile industry which proved to be a major force in the rise of Bombay as the Urbs Prima in Indis.1 Despite the contribution of the industrial working class being crucial to Bombay's growth, the previous existing scholarship on colonial textile labour in Bombay does not really go beyond the political and economic domain—focussing on the trade unions and the relationship of the industry to the city's economic emergence. Therefore, Priyanka Srivastava's book brings in a ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: Over the past thirty years, scholars have sought to uncover the many different aspects of the history of Shanghai. Opened as a treaty port in 1842 to foreign residents, Shanghai quickly became an international business hub with an international population. One of the key institutions was the Shanghai Municipal Council (SMC), the executive body in the International Settlement, created shortly through local agreement after the treaty port's opening. The SMC was run by foreign subjects (mostly British subjects) and had municipal jurisdiction within the International Settlement. As it governed the lives of many in such a large and vibrant city, it is therefore curious that until now, there has not been any ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
Abstract: In The Apocalypse of Settler Colonialism, Gerald Horne weaves together a century of events and processes to demonstrate the depth to which colonial systems of slavery and settler colonialism, which significantly accelerated in the seventeenth century, influenced the foundation of the United States. In his introduction, Horne states he is attempting to persuade readers that "any explanation [of how the US is a global dominant power] that elides slavery, colonialism, and the shards of an emerging capitalism… is deficient in explanatory power" (7). He successfully accomplishes this argument through framing the rise of slavery and its direct connection to capitalism through cross-class alliances, which congealed ... Read More Keywords: Asians; New Spain; Soldiers; Hansen, Peter Christian,; New Guinea (Territory); Economic development; Labor market; Miscegenation; Spain; Mexico; Agricultural laborers; Unpaid labor; Indian mural painting and decoration; Atrocities; Violence; Press; A PubDate: 2019-04-03T00:00:00-05:00
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